In vivo evaluation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars for moisture stress (original) (raw)
Related papers
2019
Seed germination of three varieties of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) CONDOR, SERI and T.R. evaluated under 5 drought levels (0.0 mPa (control),-0.3 mPa,-0.6 mPa,-0.9 mPa and-1.2 mPa). We used polyethylene glycol (PEG6000) to make drought stress conditions. Germinated seeds were counted daily up to 14 days under laboratory conditions. Percentage and mean germination time, coefficients of germination, mean germination rate, and uncertainty of germination process as germination parameters. Shoots and roots length; fresh, dry weight of shoots and roots, leaves and roots number, surface area of leaves as seedling growth parameters were studied. The data was analyzed statistically using SPSS software, to identify significant difference among wheat varieties and among treatment. Comparison between means showed that the highest value for most of germination parameters recorded for SERI variety followed by T.R., and most of seedling growth parameters were recorded for T.R. followed by SERI. The results determined that seeds of all varieties germinate well in the lowest concentration of PEG. Increase the concentration of PEG affect all germination and seedling growth parameters.
Little information is available in the literature about the effect of terminal drought stress on seed germination and vigor of wheat. The objectives of this experiment were to study the effect of terminal water deficiency stress on yield and its components, seed germination and vigor of nine wheat cultivars (Bahar, Parsi, Pishtaz, Pishgam, Chamran, Zarin, Sivand,. To this end, an experiment was caried out in a split-plot experiment based on randomized completed blocks design with three replications during 2010-2011 season in research farm of Razi university in Iran. The results showed that post anthesis water deficency significantly decreased grain yield, biomass, 1000 grain weight and grain number spick -1 in cultivars. Under post-anthesis water deficiency, cultivars in terms of all under-study traits had significant differences. In the second experiment, influence of water deficiency stress in farm on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters have been measured. Based on laboratory results, water deficiency stress in farm caused reduction in all germination characteristics, except plumule to radicle ratio and mean germination time. According to farm and laboratory results, it can be said that Sivand cultivar with the highest yield and grain weight had the best germination characteristics and less affected by water deficiency stress. Also Pishgam and DN-11 were the next cultivars based on germination characteristics.
Effect of water stress on germination of some Hungarian wheat landraces varieties
2018
In order to examine germination characters, seedling parameters, water relative content, tolerance index and enzyme activities of seven Hungarian wheat landraces varieties (Tiszadadai, Riscsei, Komloi, Leweucei, Mateteleki, Mikebudai and Nyiradi) under five concentrations of water stress (0, 6, 12, 18, and 24%) of polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000). A laboratory experiment has been conducted through Factorial Experiment in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four repetitions at Research Institute of Nyiregyhaza, Hungary. From the obtained results, Leweucei variety was surpassed other studied verities under study and recorded the highest values of all studied characters followed by Mateteleki, Komloi, Nyiradi, Riscsei, Tiszadadai and Mikebudai. Increasing water stress (PEG-6000) from 0 to 6, 12, 18 and 24% significantly reduced germination characters, seedlings parameters , water relative content (WRC), tolerance index and α and β-amylases activities. Generally, under water stress condition, Leweucei and Mateteleki varieties were recorded the highest values of water relative content (WRC), tolerance index (TI) and α and β-amylases activities as well as able to prompt better drought tolerance and could be suggested as a good resource for breeding programs and cultivation under drought stress conditions compared with other wheat landraces varieties.
Effect of Drought Stress on Germi nation Indices and Seedling Growth of 12 Bread Wheat Ge notypes
2011
Drought stress is one of the most important abiotic st resses affects different stages of plant growth and development, particularly g ermination. In or der to s tudy drought stress effect on germination i ndices and seedling gr owth of different bread wheat genotypes, an expe riment was performed in labor atory. Effect of drought stress in levels of zero and – 0.5 Mpa of polyethylene glycol was studied on germination and seedling growth of 1 2 bread wheat g enotypes a s fa ctorial o n the basis of c ompletely randomized design. T he results showed t hat effect of different levels of osmotic p otential was meaningful on most traits including s eedling length, primary roots len gth, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, primary roots d ry w eight, shoot dry weight, ratio of primary r oots to s hoot dry w eight, coefficient of velocity of germination, germination i ndex, germination rate index, m ean germination time, fina l g ermination percentage, g ermination rate and mean da...
Environmental stresses can play an important role in the reduction of the plant growth stage, especially drought and osmotic stresses during germination in arid and semi arid regions in Iran. In order to study of osmotic stress on germination indices in Durum wheat landraces, factorial combined of 37 genotype and tree level osmotic conditions (osmotic potential of 0, -0.6 and -0.8 MPa) were used, on base of the completely randomized design at three replications. In this study, median germination time (MGT), Coefficient of Velocity of Germination (CVG), Germination Rate Index (GRI), Final Germination Percent (FGP) and Germination Index (GI), germination stress index (GSI), root length, and shoot length were measured. Significant differences between genotypes, osmotic stress levels and the genotype × environment interaction among all traits were identified. Osmotic potential increased median germination time (MGT) and decreased other traits. The mean comparison showed that the landraces; Germi-langin (18), Ardabil-sari boghda (19), Chakmak and Naxcevan (28) in most indices in both of stressed conditions had height amount and these landrace identify as superior genotype for germination traits. Additionally, in discriminate analysis, grouping of genotypes in 3 tolerant, Semi-tolerant and Susceptible groups were done based on drought tolerance, susceptibility indices, and germination characters. Therefore, we should use in vitro experiments for improve the tolerant of cultivars to drought, this way will decrease both cost and time.
Wheat improvement in rainfed areas requires reliable assessment for drought tolerance. Forty three diverse wheat genotypes including local land races (LLR) were screened following completely randomized design under controlled condition at PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi during 2011. Different concentrations of PEG-6000 were used to induce moisture stress at germination and seedling stage. Data revealed a decreasing trend in values for all traits with the increasing concentrations of PEG-6000. The genotypes showed higher values for germination percentage, germination rate index (GRI), root length, shoot length, coleoptile length, seedling vigor index, fresh root weight, dry root weight, fresh shoot weight and dry shoot weight under normal condition. The genotype, Faisalabad-2008 had the highest germination percentage (100) and germination rate index (17.73), Lasani-2008 showed maximum value for root length (18.28 cm), Chenab-70 attained maximum shoot length (12.05 cm) and...
Advances in Environmental Biology, 2011
Environmental stresses can play an important role in the reduction of the plant growth stage, especially drought and osmotic stresses during germination in arid and semi arid regions in Iran. In order to study of osmotic stress on germination indices in Durum wheat landraces, factorial combined of 37 genotype and tree level osmotic conditions (osmotic potential of 0,-0.6 and-0.8 MPa) were used, on base of the completely randomized design at three replications. In this study, median germination time (MGT), Coefficient of Velocity of Germination (CVG), Germination Rate Index (GRI), Final Germination Percent (FGP) and Germination Index (GI), germination stress index (GSI), root length, and shoot length were measured. Significant differences between genotypes, osmotic stress levels and the genotype × environment interaction among all traits were identified. Osmotic potential increased median germination time (MGT) and decreased other traits. The mean comparison showed that the landraces; Germi-langin (18), Ardabil-sari boghda (19), Chakmak and Naxcevan (28) in most indices in both of stressed conditions had height amount and these landrace identify as superior genotype for germination traits. Additionally, in discriminate analysis, grouping of genotypes in 3 tolerant, Semi-tolerant and Susceptible groups were done based on drought tolerance, susceptibility indices, and germination characters. Therefore, we should use in vitro experiments for improve the tolerant of cultivars to drought, this way will decrease both cost and time.
Germination one of the most important stages of development, the basic requirement for having the proper density is farm. In order to choose wheat lines tolerant to drought during seed germination factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications were run Agricultural Research Center in Tehran. The treatments included 40 genotypes of wheat and different levels of PEG (zero, 3-, 6-and 9-charge time). Traits such as root length, coleoptile length, stem length, the root / shoot ratio, root dry weight and the percentage of germination rate were measured. The results showed that all traits of drought stress significantly reduced the decline in all the traits of a potential change of 3 bar to 6 bar, and the results showed that the root length of shoot length other traits for drought levels was significant, but the interaction was not significant cultivar × drought. With increasing stress, most traits are reduced, the minimum impact of drought on root to shoot ratio and root dry weight was the most affected.
Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2022
The effects of three different irrigation treatments were tested on kernel quality (i.e. kernel size), germination rate and seedling performance of eight wheat varieties. The irrigation treatments used were as follows: (i) rainfed treatment with 262.8mm annual rainfall received during the growing season, (ii) partial irrigation (PSI) treatment receiving 482.8 mm of water (262.8mm rainfall + 220mm irrigation at anthesis) and (iii) continuous supplementary irrigation (CSI) receiving 640 mm water (262.8 mm rainfall + 377.2 mm supplementary irrigation at 2-3 weeks interval). Seven durum wheat varieties (Sham1, Omqais, Acsad65, Bani Suef6, Bani Suef4, Horani Nawawi, Dairalla6) and one bread wheat variety (Ammon) were included in this study. Split-plot design was used with three replications. The main plots were the irrigation treatments, while the sub-plots were varieties nested within irrigation treatments. Kernels weight was recorded under different irrigation treatments in addition to the germination rate parameters (mean germination time and the time to attain 10% and 50% of complete germination percentage) and seedling attributes (shoot length, maximum seminal root length, coleoptile length, shoot fresh weight and seminal root fresh weight). The thousand kernel weight (TKW) was maximum under PSI (46.21g), followed by CSI (43.20g) and rainfed treatment (41.70g). TKW was maximum in Cham1 (45.37g) and BaniSuef6 (45.22g), while the minimum TKW was recorded in Ammon bread wheat variety (39.19g). Smaller wheat kernels released under rainfed condition were notoriously faster to germinate as compared with kernels released under CSI and PSI, and consequently smaller kernels would be desirable to accelerate the time required from sowing to seedling emergence. Hourani Nawawi and DairAlla 6 gave a more vigorous seedling with longer seminal roots and larger seedling biomass, which might indicate their high adaptability to early drought. In conclusion, smaller kernels were faster in germination, which minimize the time required from germination to emergence for a good stand establishment, while heavy kernels would have seedlings with a more vigorous root system which may help the crop to withstand early drought.