A sensitivity-enhanced field-effect chiral sensor (original) (raw)
Related papers
Chiral Sensor Devices for Differentiation of Enantiomers
Topics in Current Chemistry, 2013
The ad-hoc-designed organic semiconductor endowed with chiral side groups, the bilayer structure and the thin-film transistor transducer provide a significant step forward in the development of a high-performance and versatile sensing platform compatible with flexible organic electronic technologies.
Organic Thin-Film Transistors as Gas Sensors: A Review
Materials, 2020
Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) are miniaturized devices based upon the electronic responses of organic semiconductors. In comparison to their conventional inorganic counterparts, organic semiconductors are cheaper, can undergo reversible doping processes and may have electronic properties chiefly modulated by molecular engineering approaches. More recently, OTFTs have been designed as gas sensor devices, displaying remarkable performance for the detection of important target analytes, such as ammonia, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The present manuscript provides a comprehensive review on the working principle of OTFTs for gas sensing, with concise descriptions of devices’ architectures and parameter extraction based upon a constant charge carrier mobility model. Then, it moves on with methods of device fabrication and physicochemical descriptions of the main organic semiconductors recently applied to gas sensors (i.e., since 2015 bu...
Organic thin-film transistor sensors: Interface dependent and gate bias enhanced responses
Microelectronics Journal, 2006
Organic thin film transistors are a new class of sensors potentially capable of outperforming chemiresistors. They can be operated at room temperature, offer the advantage of remarkable response repeatability and can function as multi-parameter sensors. In this paper, evidence of OTFT response dependence on important parameters such as the chemical nature of the organic semiconductor active layer and the gatedielectric/organic-semiconductor interface are produced. A sizable response enhancement of an OTFT sensor operated in the enhancement mode is also presented indicating that an OTFT can in principle lead to a lower detection limit than a resistor-type sensor with the same organic semiconductor. q
Electronic sensing of vapors with organic transistors
Applied Physics Letters, 2001
We show that organic thin-film transistors have suitable properties for use in gas sensors. Such sensors possess sensitivity and reproducibility in recognizing a range of gaseous analytes. A wealth of opportunities for chemical recognition arise from the variety of mechanisms associated with different semiconductor-analyte interactions, the ability to vary the chemical constitution of the semiconductor end/side groups, and also the nature of the thin-film morphology.
ACS Sensors, 2019
Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) have attracted intensive attention as promising electronic devices owing to their various applications such as rollable active-matrix displays, flexible nonvolatile memories, and radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags. To further broaden the scope of the application of OTFTs, we focus on the host-guest chemistry combined with the electronic devices. Extended-gate type OTFTs functionalized with artificial receptors were fabricated to achieve chemical sensing of targets in complete aqueous media. Organic and inorganic ions (cations and anions), neutral molecules, and proteins, which are regarded as target analytes in the field of host-guest chemistry, were electrically detected by artificial receptors. Molecular recognition phenomena on the extended-gate electrode were evaluated by several analytical methods such as photoemission yield spectroscopy in the air, contact angle goniometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Interestingly, the electrical responses of the OTFTs were highly sensitive to the chemical structures of guests. Thus, the OTFTs will facilitate selective sensing of target analytes and understanding of chemical conversions in biological and environmental systems. Furthermore, such cross-reactive responses observed in our studies will provide some important insights into next-generation sensing systems such as OTFT arrays. We strongly believe that our approach will enable the development of new intriguing sensor platforms in the field of host-guest chemistry, analytical chemistry, and organic electronics.
Organic Transistor‐based Chemical Sensors for Real‐Sample Analysis
Physica Status Solidi A-applications and Materials Science, 2023
Bioelectronics for healthcare that monitor the health information on users in real time have stepped into the limelight as crucial electronic devices for the future due to the increased demand for "point-of-care" testing, which is defined as medical diagnostic testing at the time and place of patient care. In contrast to traditional diagnostic testing, which is generally conducted at medical institutions with diagnostic instruments and requires a long time for specimen analysis, point-of-care testing can be accomplished personally at the bedside, and health information on users can be monitored in real time. Advances in materials science and device technology have enabled next-generation electronics, including flexible, stretchable, and biocompatible electronic devices, bringing the commercialization of personalized healthcare devices increasingly within reach, e.g., wearable bioelectronics attached to the body that monitor the health information on users in real time. Additionally, the monitoring of harmful factors in the environment surrounding the user, such as air pollutants, chemicals, and ultraviolet light, is also important for health maintenance because such factors can have short-and long-term detrimental effects on the human body. The precise detection of chemical species from both the human body and the surrounding environment is crucial for personal health care because of the abundant information that such factors can provide when determining a person's health condition. In this respect, sensor applications based on an organic-transistor platform have various advantages, including signal amplification, molecular design capability, low cost, and mechanical robustness (e.g., flexibility and stretchability). This Account covers recent progress in organic transistor-based chemical sensors that detect various chemical species in the human body or the surrounding environment, which will be the core elements of wearable electronic devices. There has been considerable effort to develop high-performance chemical sensors based on organic-transistor platforms through material design and device engineering. Various experimental approaches have been adopted to develop chemical sensors with high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability, including the synthesis of new materials, structural engineering, surface functionalization, and device engineering. In this Account, we first provide a brief introduction to the operating principles of transistor-based chemical sensors. Then we summarize the progress in the fabrication of transistor-based chemical sensors that detect chemical species from the human body (e.g., molecules in sweat, saliva, urine, tears, etc.). We then highlight examples of chemical sensors for detecting harmful chemicals in the environment surrounding the user (e.g., nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, volatile organic compounds, liquid-phase organic solvents, and heavy metal ions). Finally, we conclude this Account with a perspective on the wearable bioelectronics, especially focusing on organic electronic materials and devices.
Fabrication of Organic Transistors Using Nanomaterials for Sensing Applications
Journal of Electronic Materials, 2017
In this work, an organic field-effect transistor (OFET) was fabricated and characterized based on the bottom contact of a polyaniline (PANI) or PANI/ TiO 2 nanocomposite as an active layer and SiO 2 as an insulating layer to be used for ammonia gas sensing applications. The OFET sensors exhibited a change in the drain current when exposed to NH 3. Titanium dioxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles with different weight percentages (0-50 wt.%) were added to dope PANI and enhance charge carrier transport, although the response of both the PANI OFET sensor and PANI/TiO 2 OFET sensor has reached saturation value at almost the same period. The response of PANI/TiO 2 transistor is (2.5), which is much higher than that of PANI (0.17). The results showed that the sensor response of the OFET device fabricated with PANI/TiO 2 is 15 times greater than that with an OFET device fabricated using pristine PANI.
The Vapour Sensing Capabilities of Organic Field-Effect Transistors
2012
The work in this doctoral thesis is mainly concerned with the detection of volatile organic vapours (analytes) using organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) as transducers, in some cases using a 'sensitiser layer' on top of the devices to improve their response to certain analytes; some work has also been carried out using a gold nano-particle chemi-resistor to detect amine vapour and the development of an aqueous sensing system is also discussed. It was found that the porphyrins PtOEP (platinum (II) octaethyl porphyrin) and PtEP-I (Etioporphyrin-I) could be used as organic semiconductors and that PtOEP was sensitive to isopropanol (IPA) and acetone vapours; PtOEP was also used to successfully sensitise a pentacene OFET to ethylene vapour at low ppm concentrations. Pentacene OFETs were found to be sensitive to octylamine (an amine), ethylethanoate (an ester), formamide (an amide) and ethylene (an alkene); through the use of a 2:1 molar ratio blend of the calixarene calix[8]arene (calixarene 2) and the porphyrin 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis (3,4-bis (2ethylhexyloxy) phenyl)-21H,23H-porphyrinato cobalt (II) (Co-EHO) as a sensitiser layer, it was possible to introduce sensitivity to both octanal (an aldehyde) and octan-2-one (a ketone) into a pentacene OFET; the calixarene: 5,17-(34-nitrobenzylideneamino)-11,23-ditert-butyl-25,27-diethoxycarbonyl-methyleneoxy-26,28dihydroxycalix[4]arene (calixarene 1) was also be used to improve OFET recovery after exposure to ethylethanoate and formamide, but some sensor response was lost in the process. The n-type organic semiconductor PDI8-CN 2 (N,N'-bis (n-octyl)-dicyanoperylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide)) was found to be sensitive to octylamine vapour, but the nature of its response seems to indicate some kind of amine base-doping mechanism is at work within the device, analogous to the acid doping possible with p-type semiconductors. Gold nano-particles were found to be sensitive to octylamine vapour as the amine group has an affinity for gold and coats the nano-particles, increasing the resistance of the nano-particle film. Creating a water gated P3HT (poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl)) OFET without the electro-chemical doping normally experienced by such devices was found to be possible through the use of a calixarene 1 barrier layer, paving the way for the development of an aqueous sensing system.