Household characteristics and market participation competence of smallholder farmers supplying cassava to starch processors in Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Factors influencing the participation of cassava farmers in input markets in Abia State, Nigeria
This paper assessed the factors influencing the participation of cassava farmers in Abia State, Nigeria in the acquisition and use of improved cassava stems and fertilizers in their farming operations. One hundred and eighty cassava farmers from the three agricultural zones of the state were randomly selected and administered with questionnaire. Tobit model was used in analyzing the data collected. The findings showed that none of the farmers used agrochemicals and tractors in their farming operations. Tobit result indicated that distance from the house of the farmers to the place of purchase, farm income, availability of cassava stems, and farm size influenced farmers’ access to cassava stems in the study area at 1 and 5 percent significant level. While, distance from farmers’ house to the place of purchase, availability of fertilizer, price of fertilizer, rate of use and farm size were all positive and significant at 1 percent level in determining access to fertilizer. It was reco...
The study employed primary data collected through a multistage sampling technique from 90 respondents to examine the determinants of cassava output in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Data were analyzed using Gross margin analysis, simple descriptive statistics as well as Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression technique. Findings indicated that educated (75.6%), female (68.9%) farmers, majority who were within the age bracket of 31-40 years, with an average household size and mean farming experience of 6 and 10 dominated cassava production. The average Gross Margin and Net Income of N154,840 and N125,590 per hectare showed that cassava production was profitable. The study further showed that educational level, farm size, household size, farming experience, labour, and extension visit significantly influence cassava output in the study area. Also, high cost of cuttings and other inputs, high cost of labour, uneconomical size holdings, inadequate finance and storage facilities constituted the main cassava production problems in the study area. This informed the need for the government to give subsidy in the form of basic farm inputs to farmers, pursue policies that would enhance access to land, provide storage facilities and extension advice as well as encouraging farmers to take up cassava farming as a profitable venture in the study area as the way out.
DETERMINANTS OF MARKET PARTICIPATION AMONG SMALLHOLDER STAPLE CROP FARMERS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA
Ife Journal of Agriculture, 2023
This study examined the determinants of market participation among smallholder staple farmers in Oyo state. Multistage sampling technique was employed to select 356 respondents. In the first stage, 40 villages were selected in the 4 zones according to the presence of food crops farmers. In the second stage, households were randomly selected based on whether they participate or not in cassava and yam production. Two percent of the registered farmers were proportionately selected based on the number of staple food farmers. Analytical technique employed included descriptive statistics and Ordered probit. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the quantitative data while Ordered probit model was used to analyse the factors influencing the market participation of cassava and yam farmers in the study area. The results showed that the mean age of the respondents was 46years, their mean household size was 5 and 11 years of formal education. The mean years of experience was 19 years. The coefficients of age, gender and market information were statistically significant for net buyers, autarkic and net sellers of cassava. Similarly, for net buyers of yam, age, gender, household size, years spent in school and contract marketing, were statistically significant. Also, for autarkic and net sellers of yam, coefficients of age, gender, marital status, household size, years spent in school and contract marketing were statistically significant. It was concluded that the coefficients of age and gender significantly influenced a net buyer, autarkic and a net seller of cassava and yam respectively and recommended policy-makers to address the problem of market participation and level of participation among food crop farmers.
Charles Nyamwamu, 2022
Cassava is an important crop among countries found in sub-Saharan Africa. The rapid growing of human population possesses great pressure on arable land. This study sought to better comprehend the generalizations linked to socioeconomic roles and production constraints among smallholder farmers in Nyaribari Chache Sub Cfounty, Kisii County. A household survey was carried out for collection of primary data. Ten administrative sub-locations were randomly sampled for the study. Fifteen households were randomly sampled from each sub-location to make a sample size of 150 households. Questionnaires, interviews and focused group discussions were administered to collect data on generalizations linked to socioeconomic roles and production constraints among smallholder farmers in Nyaribari Chache Sub County, Kisii County. Both descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and inferential analysis (t-test) were utilized to analyze data gathered. The analyzed data was presented using tables. The study established that there was various generalization on cassava which influenced its production, cassava vegetable crop had a variety of roles and also cassava production experienced various constraints among smallholder farmers in the study area. There was a statistical significance (p<005) among variables on generalization, socioeconomic roles and production constraints on cassava production. This finding will be of significance to stakeholders especially ministry of agriculture and relevant Non-Governmental Organizations to formulate policies to govern production of cassava among small scale farmers in the study area and beyond.
Selling at the Farmgate or Market by Small- Holder Cassava Farmers in South-Eastern Nigeria
A multi-stage randomised sampling procedure was used to collect cross sectional data to test sample differences between means and frequencies of selected socio-economic statistics of 211 cassava sellers. The study showed that 166 farmers were off-farm sellers (Market) and 50 on-farm sellers (farm gate). For empirical analysis, the constructs of transaction costs related variables which were derived from observed behaviour was included in the comparative procedure. The study raises issues which, when attended to, might reduce transaction costs, by enhancing access to information, good roads and communication facilities.
Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 2017
The influence of socioeconomic and other household characteristics on the productivity of smallholder farmers supplying cassava to the major commercial starch processors in Nigeria were examined. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select 96 farmers working in clusters in selected eight cassava producing states. Data were analyzed using a combination of descriptive and inferential statistics, and multivariate regression techniques. Results revealed the calculated average yield to be 12.39 t/ha thereby leaving an average yield-gap of 7.61 t/ha when compared with an average of 20 t/ha being promoted for farmers under the project. Use of improved varieties (p<0.01) and full-time farming (p<0.05) had significant positive influence on productivity. Also, training, credit use and marital status of farmers influenced productivity positivity at p<0.10 levels. Productivity increased with increase in the variables, but the degree of responsiveness was inelastic in each case. Together the included variables explained 72.1% of the variation in the productivity model. The use of improved cuttings should be accompanied by rigorous but appropriate capacity enhancement programmes to update farmers on modern issues on cassava production and farm management. Empowerment of farmers through linkage to sources of soft loan and other microcredit facilities was recommended, but such efforts should be targeted more on the married and full-time farmers for greater impact. KEY WORDS Farmers' characteristics, cassava productivity, yield-gap, full-time farmer, starch processors, Nigeria. Cassava (Manhihot esculenta Crantz) is a reputable food security crop in tropical Africa. In Nigeria, it ranks high among the major perennial root crops and, in fact, has been described as the third important staple after rice and maize. The cassava plant grows best in well-drained loamy soils and where the annual rainfall ranges of 1,000 mm-1,500 mm and temperature from 25 o C-29 o C (Onwueme, 1978). On the nutritional value, cassava is very rich in carbohydrate providing about 70% of the total calorie intake for more than one-half of the Nigerian population (Ikwelle et al., 2003; Nweke et al., 1995). Apart from providing food for Nigeria's dense urban, semi-urban and rural populations, cassava and cassava-based businesses provide income, employment, and raw materials for agro-based micro-, smalland medium-scale enterprises (MSMEs). Included in the industrial cassava products are starch, high-quality cassava flour (HQCF), glucose syrup, chips, and ethanol. Nigeria ranks first among world's producers (UNIDO, 2006). Also, Phillips et al. (2004) wrote that the country's production capacity was one-third more than the production of Brazil and almost double the potentials of Indonesia and Thailand. In the same vein, Nigeria's cassava production was deemed higher in comparison to the production of other African countries, including the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ghana, Madagascar, Mozambique, Tanzania and Uganda (Phillips et al., 2004). The country's actual production for 2008 was put at over 44.5 million metric tonnes (MT) (FAO, 2012). However, this figure dropped by 17.30% to 36.8 million in 2009 before rising further to 42.5 million MT in 2010 and 54.0 million MT in 2012. But, as revealed by the available FAO time series data 6 (FAO, 2012), the recorded growth trend in production was more reflective of increase in land area
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This study examined the adoption of improved post-harvest technology for cassava processing and its impacts on welfare of Smallholder cassava starch processors. The study relied mainly on cross-sectional data collected through a survey conducted in the forest and guinea savanna zones of Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used in selecting a sample frame of five hundred and seventy (570) cassava starch processors. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, logit model and the propensity score matching method. Smallholder cassava starch processing in Nigeria is mostly a female enterprise. The average age of the processors was 48 years, with an average household size of six. The decision to use improved technology is explained by number of income earners in the household, years of processing experience, cost of acquiring technology and the capacity of technology. This study found a positive and significant impact of improved post-harvest technology on output and income...
Market Supply Response of Cassava Farmers in Ile-Ife, Osun State
This study examined the market supply response of cassava farmers in Ile-Ife, Osun State. Data were collected from 80 cassava farmers from four cassava producing Local Government Areas (LGAs) namely; Ife-East, Ife-Central, Ife-North and Ife-South. These were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression technique. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that method of cassava farming was mainly traditional and cassava was mostlly cultivated with maize. Majority of the cassava farmers were married, literate and of about 35 years meaning that more young people were into cassava cultivation in Ile-Ife. Also, the farmers had an average of 8 members per household. The results of the regression analysis revealed that 97% of the variations in the marketed surplus of cassava were explained by the variables in the model. The result also revealed that the quantity of cassava output in kg and the family size had positive and significant effects on the marketed surplus while losses, quantity of cassava consumed in kg, payments in kind in kg, size of land in hectares had negative effects on the marketed surplus. The elasticity of marketed surplus was 1.6 meaning that the supply response was elastic indicating that the higher the price of cassava output in kg the more the quantity of cassava that will be supplied.
Journal of Agricultural Extension, 2019
This study assessed the factors influencing participation of cassava farmers in Survival Farming Intervention Programme (SFIP) in Kogi State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 180 respondents comprising of cassava grower in the study area. Primary data were collected with the aid of questionnaire complemented with interview schedule. Both descriptive (frequency count, percentages and mean) and inferential (Logit regression) statistics were used to analyse the data collected. Results revealed that the majority (72.8%) of the respondents were within the age range of 36-55 years, while 94.5% the respondents were married. The majority (68.4%) of the respondents acquired formal education, while 31.6% had no formal education. In term of access to SFIP activities, the majority (61.7%) of the respondents were aware of SFIP, 65.6% were visited by extension agents under the programme, 73.3% were member of cooperative society and 58.3% of the respondents had access to credit as introduced under the programme. Major constraint identified by the respondents was poor market for produce (83.9%) ranked 1 st among other constraints. Logit regression analysis shows that with Pseudo-R 2 of 0.68, 68% of the variation in the participation in SFIP was explained by the independent variables in the model. Age (3.26), labour (2.88), education (2.53), land tenure (-2.60), awareness (5.45), extension contact (2.62) and planting material (2.80) were significant at 1% probability level, while marital status (2.47) and gender (-2.37) were significant at 5% probability level and they statistically influence participation in SFIP. In conclusion, most of the respondents were aware of SFIP and benefited from its activities. It was therefore recommended that rural markets should be linked to the urban market to attract good value for cassava products thereby enhancing living standard of the farmers especially those in the rural areas.
Socio-economic Determinants of Cassava Production in Benue State, Nigeria
International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 2018
The study examined the determinants of cassava production in Benue State Nigeria. A total of 180 farmers were selected across the state using multi-stage sampling technique. Data, which comprised information on the socioeconomic characteristics and other quantitative variables relevant to the study, were collected using a well structured questionnaire and personal interviews. The social-economic characteristics were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentages and frequencies; simple multiple regression technique was used to analyze the production functions of cassava farmers. The results obtained revealed that R 2 value was 0.419 indicating that 41.9% of variation in cassava production was accounted for by the variables considered in the study. Specifically, age of the farmers, occupation, household size, farming experience, level of education of farmers, farms size and fertilizer input where all significant and are important variables that affected the production of cassava in the study area. Given the enormous potential of cassava production in the study area, it has become so imperative that youths be encourage to participate effectively in cassava production, seeing that majority of the farmers are aged and will retire from active farming. This is to ensure food security. Effective structure should be put in place for the input and credit facilities provided by the government, this will ensure that these facilities get to those who need it and will in turn help the farmers expand their production. This study, although base in Benue State, may have implications for other States with similar situation. This will help the state meet self-sufficiency in food production and so be able to feed her teeming population.