Analysis of a Femoral Hip Prosthesis Designed to Reduce Stress Shielding (original) (raw)
2002, 6th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis
The natural stress distribution in the femur is significantly altered after total hip arthroplasty (THA). When an implant is introduced, it will carry a portion of the load, causing a reduction of stress in some regions of the remaining bone. This phenomenon is commonly known as stress shielding. In response to the changed mechanical environment the shielded bone will remodel according to Wolf's law, resulting in a loss of bone mass through the biological process called resorption. Resorption can, in turn, cause or contribute to loosening of the prosthesis. This study explores the hypothesis that through redesign, a total hip prosthesis can be developed to substantially reduce stress shielding. The description of the development of a new femoral hip prosthesis designed to alleviate this problem through a new geometry and system of proximal fixation based on the dynamic loading and finite element analysis. A compression study was undertaken to study the effect three types of artificial hip prosthesis designl on the stress distributions in the entire model components (bone, cement, and the prosthesis) and the stress shielding.
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