RDF (SOLID) (original) (raw)
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Applied Environmental Research
The objective of this study is to explore the potential of producing energy from open-dump solidwaste from Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Surin Campus. Heating value as well as thephysical and chemical compositions were analyzed. The composition and heating value were comparedto refuse-derived fuel quality standard. All waste samples were separated into combustible and non-com-bustible matter. Paper, plastic, food residue, textiles, rubber and leather were classified as combustible. In excess of ninety-nine (99%) of open dump waste consisted of combustible matteras follows: mixed plastic (45%), textile (19%), food residue (18%), paper (14%), and leather and rubber (3%). Non-combustible composted inert material consisted of only 1% of the open-dump solid waste. Moisture and total solid contents of open-dump solid waste were 51.6% and 48.4% (wet basis) respectively. Volatile matterand ash contents of those were 95.14% and 4.37% (dry basis) respectively. The heating value of...
Energy efficient refuse derived fuel (RDF) from municipal solid waste rejects: a case for Coimbatore
International Journal of Environment (IJE); ISSN 2091-2854, 2014
In this paper production of energy efficient Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) from municipal solid waste rejects was carried out during August 2012 -April 2013 in Coimbatore City India. Municipal Solid wastes rejects (paper, plastics with exception of polyvinyl chloride, textiles) were collected from waste dump yard of Coimbatore City. Sawdust, coir dust, water hyacinth and rice husk were mixed with the collected wastes at a fixed amount of 20 percent. After grinding, cassava starch was used as a binder to produce RDF briquettes with the help of uniaxial piston briquettes making machine. Physical, chemical and thermal characteristics of the RDF were studied to assess their potential use as energy efficient material. The analyses were divided into three categories namely, physical, proximate and ultimate analyses. Results indicated that, under physical and proximate analyses; impact resistance index (IRI) for all the RDF samples were 200, density were less than 1 kg cm -3, moisture were less than 10 % wt, ash content varied from 2.8 to 9.2 % wt, whilst volatile mater had mean value of 83.1 % wt and fixed carbon which is by subtraction ranged from 1.4 to 9.2 % wt. With respect to Ultimate analysis, Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen varied from 27.01 to 39.78 % wt, 44.8 to59.7 % wt, 5.9 to 8.1 % wt respectively. On the other hand nitrogen, sulfur and chlorine ranged from 0.18 to 0.87 % wt, 0.27 to 0.71 % wt and 0.339 to0.521 % wt respectively. Calorific values (high heating values) ranged from 5085 to 6474.9 kcal kg -1 . The results were compared with Energy research Centre for the Netherland database and noted that with exception to moisture, fixed carbon and hydrogen other parameters had a significant lower or higher differences. From the study, RDF from municipal solid wastes rejects along with the additives produced high energy efficient materials.
The Indonesian government has announced the issue of waste as the national problem which has to be solved especially in the large urban area. Even though a lot of waste processing techniques are already offered to minimize its impact, it is still in effective to solve the problem. This is due to the current waste management system has not been in accordance with the methods and techniques of environmental-friendly waste management system. The aim of this research is to form the utilization of organic waste for RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) as a raw material to substitute coal in the steam-electrical power plant. The synthesis of RDF from organic waste consists of four main steps, which are crushing process, mixing process, forming process, and drying process. The result shows that organic waste can be processed to form RDF which can substitute coal in the steam-electrical power plant and further, will also solve the waste issue which is currently happening in Indonesia and other countries around the globe.
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan, 2021
The generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Bali has various environmental impacts. One of the updates on sustainable waste processing is the RDF treatment plant processing. Before carrying out the processing, MSW characterization is needed because each region has a diverse composition. The processing of MSW into RDF provides benefits for achieving MSW reduction targets, renewable energy use, and the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. For this reason, this study was conducted to determine the potential of MSW in Bali as an alternative to renewable fuel and its potential to reduce GHG. MSW's potential calorific value as a raw material for RDF in Bali can reach 9.58 - 17.71 MJ/kg. The implementation of processing waste into RDF in pellets has shown a calorific value of ± 3904 - 4945 kkcal/kg. Implementing MSW processing into RDF in Bali can reduce GHG by 178 - 330 times compared to open dumping.
2019
Pusat Inovasi Agroteknologi (PIAT) handles institutional waste generated from Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM). Waste from UGM is called Institutional Solid Waste (ISW) reaches 1,427.27 kg / week. In this study, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis was used as a tool to calculate and evaluate the environmental impact of potential ISW conversion to densified Refused Derived Fuel (dRDF) with gate to gate framework system. For simulation, OpenLCA software equipped with Ecoinvent database was used in this work. The results showed that conversion of combustible inorganic waste into densified Refuse Derived Fuel (dRDF) along with conversion of organic waste into compost gave following environmental impacts: global warming potential of 1.3E+00 kg CO2 eq, acidification 3.9E-03kg SO4 eq., eutrophication 7.1E-01 kg P eq., human toxicity 1.2E+00 kg 1.4-dichlorobenzene and terrestrial ecotoxicity 6.1E-02 kg 1.4-dichlorobenzene. By separating combustible from non-combustible inorganic waste may sig...
Studies On Energy Recovery From Municipal Solid Waste; A Case Study At Solapur, Maharashtra, India
The generation of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is expected to rise tremendously in the coming decade due to the rapid urbanization and growth in population. On average, 75%–85% of the weight of MSW is converted into RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel). The RDF values in the MSW range from 4800 – 6800 Btu/lab along with the other benefits like its higher heating value, more homogeneous compositions, lower pollutant emissions, reduced excess air requirement during combustion, easier storage, handling, and transportation. In present investigation, the efforts were made to identify different compositions of organic solid wastes which have remained neglected as an alternative source of energy. These waste samples from Solapur city were collected, segregated, dried, crushed and pellets were prepared which were further tested for their energy contents. The results reveal that, in market waste the calorific value was 1754 Kcal/Kg, in paper waste 543 Kcal/Kg, in household waste it was 927 Kcal/Kg and in municipal solid waste after separating digestible leaf litter was 1940 Kal/Kg. It is concluded that the municipal organic waste based fuel pellets are good supplementary fuel energy source for small scale energy needs.
Energies
Reuse and recycling are preferred strategies in waste management to ensure the high position of waste resources in the waste management hierarchy. However, challenges are still pronounced in many developing countries, where disposal as a final solution is prevalent, particularly for municipal solid waste. On the other hand, refuse-derived fuel as a means of energy recovery provides a sustainable option for managing mixed, contaminated and residual municipal solid waste (MSW). This study provides one of the earliest assessments of refuse-derived fuel (RDF) from MSW in Ghana through a case study in the cities of Accra and Kumasi. The residual/reject fractions (RFs) of MSW material recovery were characterized for thermochemical energy purposes. The studied materials had the potential to be used as RDF. The combustible portions from the residual fractions formed good alternative fuel, RDF, under the class I, II-III classification of the EN 15359:2011 standards. The RDF from only combust...
VIABILITY OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AS A POTENTIAL FUEL
A.D.Publication, 2016
Urban population growth and municipal Solid Waste(MSW) growth will become major issue in next decade. MSW in Indian City and town is generated with equal pace. MSW generation rate in towns are accelerating. MSW generation rate in India is Promising indicator for renewable energy generation. Energy from waste through various constituents of MSW on basis of higher heating values and power production potentials are discussed.
Analysis of Refuse Derived Fuel Utilization from Aqaba Municipal Solid Waste
2018
Disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) in landfills is still the most common MSW disposal practice worldwide. Although landfills are increasingly equipped with better liners and environmental protection systems, the threat of harm to the environment from landfills continues to be a problem in the long term, due to leachate and gas production. As an alternative to landfilling, a portion of the waste (mainly plastics, textile, cardboard and paper, wood and other organics) can be converted into Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) and used as a fuel source rather than fossil fuel. An RDF facility can be developed as part of an integrated waste management system in Aqaba. This paper summarizes a recent study of the Aqaba MSW waste stream, explains relevant specifications and standards for RDF and proposes possible uses of RDF as fuel in cement industry.
Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste As Refuse Derived Fuel in the Cement Industry
International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 2018
In Indonesia, waste processing is a very complicated problem especially in major industries such as the cement industry. Demand for cement in Indonesia is very high and recorded to reach 69.8 million tons in 2015. Indocement, the 2nd largest cement manufacturer in Indonesia, reported that in 2015 the demand for cement reached 13.32 million tons of clinker and is projected to rise by an average of 2.61% per year. Higher demand for cement results in higher energy required which leads to higher use of solid fuels (coal). Municipal solid waste (MSW) can be used as refuse-derived fuel (RDF) using advanced pre-treatment. Pre-treatment is a way to set aside MSW material that cannot be used as energy such as glass, metal, chunks and other materials. In addition, it also serves as technology to reduce moisture content in waste. This study evaluated the potential of RDF as solid fuel in the Cement Industry. Two scenarios were tested to forecast RDF potential from 2015 to 2050 (35 years). The scenarios concerned Indonesia's regulations on 3R Program, MSW level of service, and variables of the waste composition. Since Indocement is located in Kabupaten (District) Bogor, Indonesia, the source of RDF is also generated in the area. Kabupaten Bogor produced MSW amounting to 1,787 tons/day in 2015, and each year it will increase along with the increasing growth of population. In 2015, the energy required to produce 12.62 million tons of clinker amounted to 9.87 billion Mcal, whereas the available energy from RDF was 1.15 billion Mcal. After the year 2050, the energy required is projected to reach 34.51 billion Mcal to produce 25 million tons of clinker, while RDF energy available for that year will only be 1.73 billion McCall, so it is necessary to close the coal in the energy shortage. RDF energy generated in Kabupaten Bogor only meets 3-6% of the energy required per year by the cement industry. It can be concluded that the use of RDF as fuel is not sufficient to cover the needs of energy in the cement industry. The need for supply in other cities in the form of MSW itself and/or solid waste meets the supply of energy in the cement industry. Receiving RDF from neighboring towns or setting up cooperation with nearby factories to process RDF can be a solution for energy shortage in the supply of RDF in Bogor.