Climatology & Architecture (original) (raw)
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Climate-responsive Building Design in North-East India
2008
Energy, environment and architecture are closely related, the more is the energy consumption the worse is the environmental degradation. With rapid economic growth and improvement in people's living standard, the building sector will continue to be the key energy end user. Hence energy conservation becomes a necessity rather than an option in both commercial and residential buildings and hence it becomes desirable to design climate responsive buildings by incorporating appropriate solar passive features. Climate responsive building design is a concept that integrates the micro-climate and architecture with human thermal comfort conditions. This concept takes into account the solar passive techniques, micro-climatic conditions and thermal comfort conditions that improve the building artificial energy efficiency. This fact is well supported by various studies on vernacular architecture as well as on modern architecture throughout the world. Thermal comfort not only makes the occupants comfortable but also decides the energy consumption in the building and thus its sustainability. Throughout the world, from ancient times people have used solar passive techniques that have evolved through generations. These structures got attention for detailed study among the researchers at present times. Different researchers had done extensive study on thermal performance of vernacular buildings in the different parts of the world. However, vernacular architecture of North-Eastern India which perfectly represents the principle of climate-oriented architecture still lacks experimental validation and quantitative analysis.
Vernacular Architecture of Lucknow is the outcome of centuries of optimisation of material use, construction techniques and climate considerations. In contrasts modern buildings of Lucknow are being built with little or no consideration of climate which increases the buildings appetite for energy. This paper aims to investigate the design strategies for energy efficiency and thermal comfort specific to contemporary buildings of Lucknow. Bioclimatic Chart, Psychometric chart, Degree Days and Mahoney's Table are used to analyse the climate of Lucknow in order to formulate the building design guidelines. These guidelines will provide appropriate information at project design stage which would help architect in making better use of natural resources, reduction of operational energy and maintaining indoor thermal comfort by the use of passive solar techniques.
Comprehensive Advanced Specific Summarised Studies -For Architecture Studies (CASS Studies) ISSN 2581-6403 , 2022
One of the prime determinants of how comfortable an occupant feels inside a building is the indoor thermal comfort, which in turn depends on the outer climatic conditions, and the architectural interventions carried out in the building design as well as the materials and methods of construction used. To evaluate various strategies for passive building design and suggest best design techniques to achieve maximum indoor thermal comfort, appropriate technology in the form of using a building bio-climatic analysis is essential. One of the commonly used tools for building bioclimatic analysis is the Climate Consultant 6 software developed by a team of University of California, LA Energy Design Tools Group for the main purpose of interpreting outdoor climatic conditions to indoor occupant comfort. Using a characteristic analysis, Climate Consultant proposes various appropriate design strategies for a specific climate.
Climate and building design - tradition, research and design tools
Energy and Buildings, 1984
Important design paramaters that influence the building thermal behavior and in particular natural cooling are discussed. Among these design parameters are: ventilation, evaporation, proper shading, orientation of the building and its proportions with respect to the orientation, the color of the building's envelope and its conductivity, the thermal mass of the building, night radiation to the sky and the stack effect. The latter is the katabatic and anabatic cooling.
2021
While world is marching on with the population growth and urbanization issues, it has witnessed the high energy demand in trying to satisfy people with thermal comfort. In the warm and temperate city like Biratnagar, Nepal which has been rapidly urbanizing since the 1990s where the random construction practice has led most of population high time trouble in dealing with indoor comfort. The deal of achieving thermal comfort in the residential building of Biratnagar primarily by the means of passive design strategies is obtained through the application of strategies like suitable opening size and proper shading devices in the existing building.This study used both qualitative and quantitative methods which included field survey of both the vernacular and contemporary buildings of Biratnagar followed by the questionnaire tools based on which refernece building was selected. The data collected from the department of Hydrology and meteorology were analyzed using climate analysis tool bio...
Journal of Advanced Research in Construction and Urban Architecture, 2020
Buildings consume a lot of operational energy primarily due to their cooling requirements. Increasing consumption of energy has led to global warming resulting in ozone layer depletion. The key to conserving energy in buildings is to design buildings according to climate. Since most of the population in India is concentrated in hot arid and composite climate regions, a substantial amount of energy can be conserved using proper climatic design. The design factors which affect the design of a residential building in a hot arid climate include features like compact form, orientation, high thermal mass, shading the building, use of internal courtyards, small openings, evaporative cooling, use of reflective surfaces, etc. These important building design determinants and their significance in climatic control and conserving energy in residential buildings in hot and arid regions have been discussed.
Bioclimatic Building Design Guidelines For Lucknow City: Use Of Various Climate Analysis Methods
International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 2017
Vernacular Architecture of Lucknow is the outcome of centuries of optimisation of material use, construction techniques and climate considerations. In contrasts modern buildings of Lucknow are being built with little or no consideration of climate which increases the buildings appetite for energy. This paper aims to investigate the design strategies for energy efficiency and thermal comfort specific to contemporary buildings of Lucknow. Bioclimatic Chart, Psychometric chart, Degree Days and Mahoney's Table are used to analyse the climate of Lucknow in order to formulate the building design guidelines. These guidelines will provide appropriate information at project design stage which would help architect in making better use of natural resources, reduction of operational energy and maintaining indoor thermal comfort by the use of passive solar techniques.
Design Optimization of Vernacular Building in Warm and Humid Climate of North-East India
Vernacular buildings are evolved through trial and error method over the period of time. These buildings are constructed more on ‘design-based approach’ suited to a particular climatic condition and socio-cultural setup rather than emphasizing technological solutions or prescriptive requirements. However, in recent times, due to quest for better thermal comfort, energy consumption is increasing in these naturally ventilated buildings. So, it is an urgent need to analyse the present level of thermal comfort and the occupant’s expectation in these buildings. In case of design based approach, passive solar design, ventilation, insulation on the building envelope, shading and glazing area, proper orientation of buildings etc. are the key parameters for optimization process. In this study, a vernacular building of warm and humid climatic zone of North-East India is considered. Thermal performance study has been done by carrying out year long measurements of environmental parameters both ...
International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2018
According to the sustainable architecture theories, the building with a high level of thermal performance is the building that has the high percentage of thermal comfort accomplishment and low level of energy consumption. Thermal comfort is a building's criteria in order to make the building's users activity become optimal. It can be achieved by natural ventilation/NV system and air conditioning/AC system that may either preserve or consume a great deal of fossil energy. Hence, climatic parameters and architecture design aspects could always determine its accomplishment. Ward is the primary section of hospital installation which functions as patient's house while they undergo their healing process, whereas hospital is a primary public facility in any contemporary urban setting. From the energy using side, hospital is the public building type that has high level of fossil energy consumption. Therefore, the development of high level's thermal performance ward will contribute to environment sustainability by reducing its fossil energy combustion. For that matter, it is then important to know which ward's design aspects that may become the dominant factors for the thermal comfort establishment and efficient energy use. The goal of this research is mainly to disclose the relationship between thermal performance and architecture design aspects in lowland warm humid tropics ward. The research methods are quantitative method (by using statistical test, linear regression analyses and correlative analysis based on the building's physics theory) and field case study. The results of this research are the architecture design aspects of lowland warm humid tropics ward that have been dominant factors on its thermal performance level; that are the building's orientation toward the sun and the building's layout plan within the site. Keywords-Thermal performance, Architecture design aspects, Lowland warm humid tropics, Ward I. INTRODUCTION The most thermal comfort research has been done in public building such as offices, classroom or lecture room that regularly operate about eight hours per day [1]-[10]. Yet rarely conducted in public building such as hospital ward that operates 24 hours per day along the year and even more rarely were done in the hospital wards that are located in warm humid tropics region like Indonesia [11]. Thermal comfort is one of the building's criteria in order to make the building's users activity become optimal [12]. Thermal comfort inside a building could be accomplished by natural ventilation/NV system and air conditioning/AC system that may either preserve or consume a great deal of fossil energy. Hence, climatic parameters (air temperature, radiant temperature, relative humidity, air movement) and architecture design aspects (the building's orientation toward the sun and open space around it, the building's layout plan and its rooms dimension, the building's facade) could always determine its accomplishment. According to the sustainable architecture theories, the building with good thermal performance is the building that has the high level of thermal comfort accomplishment percentage and all at once has the low level of energy consumption [13]-[17]. Hospital is a primary public facility in contemporary urban setting, and ward is the primary section of hospital installation which functions as patient's house while they undergo their healing process. From the sustainability aspect, especially on the energy using side, a hospital is the public building type that has the high level of fossil energy consumption [18]-[20]. Therefore, the development of a high level's thermal performance ward would contribute to the environment sustainability by reducing its fossil energy combustion. For that matter, it is then important to know which ward's design aspects that may become the dominant factors for the thermal comfort establishment and efficient in energy using.
The Significance of Building Design for the Climate
Environmental and Climate Technologies
Building design is important for saving energy and reducing GHG emissions by applying passive solar heating and cooling design principles and using the right materials and appropriate design tools. This will make the home healthier and more comfortable. The design of energy efficient and sustainable buildings is critical for the future. A key aspect of any design is the realistic and accurate prediction of the performance of the building under a wide range of weather conditions. This paper examines the effect of different climate zones in Australia (which are comparable to the world's major climates) on the thermal performance of a complete building and recommended design techniques to suit each climate zone to enhance the overall thermal performance. To examine the effect of the location (different climates) on the overall thermal performance and how a good design in one location may not be suitable at another location, AccuRate will be used to assess the thermal performance fo...