REVIEW OF VARIOUS GRAPE DISEASES (original) (raw)

Grapevine is a foremost vegetative disseminated berry with high global socioeconomic prominence. It is vulnerable to numerous graft-transmitted agents that cause several diseases and extensive crop fatalities, decreasing fruit quality, plant strength, and also reduce the durability of vines. The vegetative transmission and frequent exchanges of propagative material within countries contribute to unfold these pathogens, esteeming the development of multifaceted diseases. Its lasting life cycle further accelerates the blending and introduction of numerous epidemiologic agents into a single plant. At present, almost 65 viruses belonging to different families have been reported infecting grapevines, however, all do not cause economically significant diseases. Regrettably, there are several breeds of vine diseases that prosper in all circumstances. Bacteria and fungi are a source of most common grapevine diseases. Insects can also propagate viruses and harm roots. Ecological circumstances can cause mold development that inflicts disorder on grapevines in vineyards. Here, we review the recent knowledge of these viruses, report advances in their diagnosis and prospection of new species, and give indications about the management of the associated grapevine diseases.

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