Anti-microbial activity of Garcinia gummigutta fruit rind (original) (raw)
Related papers
LWT-Food Science and Technology, 2008
The crude hexane and chloroform extracts from the fruit rinds of Garcinia cowa and Garcinia pedunculata were studied for their antibacterial activity against some foodborne pathogens and spoilage bacteria such as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extracts determined by the agar dilution method were ranging from 15 to 500 μg/ml and 300 to 1250 μg/ml for G. cowa and G. pedunculata, respectively. However, the hexane and chloroform extracts from the fruit rinds of G. cowa exhibited marked inhibitory effect against all the test organisms and were more effective than that of G. pedunculata extracts. The antibacterial activity of all the extracts was more pronounced against the tested Gram-positive bacteria than the tested Gram-negative bacterium. Furthermore, this study is the first report on the in vitro antibacterial activity of extracts from the fruit rinds of G. cowa and G. pedunculata.
Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Effects of Garcinia Indica Fruit Rind Extract
2010
th Abstract: Garcinia is a large genus of polygamous trees or shrubs, distributed in the tropical Asia, Africa and Polynesia and is a rich source of bioactive molecules including xanthones, flavonoids, benzophenones, lactones and phenolic acids. In the present study, an attempt was made to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of Garcinia indica on certain microbes and cytotoxic properties of Garcinia indica on Balb/c 3T3 mouse fibroblasts. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the water extract against bacteria were, 0.5mg/ml in Escherichia coli, 5mg/ml in both Bacillus subtilis and Enterobacter aerogenes and 50mg/ml in Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentrations against fungi were 50mg/ml for both Candida albicans and Penicillium sp. Garcinia indica fruit rind extract showed inhibitory effect on cultured 3T3 mouse fibroblasts. The cell concentration decreased with increasing concentration of the extract. The G. indica extract has both antifungal and antibacteri...
Antibacterial Activity of Fractions of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Garcinia Lattissima Miq. Fruits
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Objectives: The emergence of new infections and increase in bacterial drug resistance has created a serious need for the expansion of new antibacterial agents from natural sources. The study was carried out to evaluate the antibacterial activity of fractions of ethyl acetate extract of Garcinia latissima Miq. fruits.Methods: The fractionation was done using a silica gel column and organic solvents as the eluent, i.e., n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. All fractions were assayed for antibacterial activity, which was done by performing disc diffusion for growth inhibition against Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition, the growth inhibition activity was also examined by performing bioautography assay using pre-coated silica gel 60 GF 254 plates as the stationary phase. Fractions A-F were eluted using n-hexane:chloroform (1:4), while Fractions G-K were used ethyl acetate:dichloromethane (4:1) as the mobile phase. The plate was visualized by ultraviolet at λ 254 ...
Bio-active components and antioxidant activity of Garcinia gummigutta fruit rind
Journal of Phramacognosy and phytochemistry, 2018
The aim of the in-vitro research was to determine the bio-active components and antioxidant activity of Garcinia gummigutta dry and wet rinds. The bio active components such as total flavanoids were analysed by Aluminium chloride colorimetric method, total tannins by Ferri cyanide and ferric chloride colorimetric method and total poly phenols by Folin ciocalteu's reagent method respectively. Antioxidant activity of Garcinia gummigutta fresh and dry rinds were determined using DPPH scavenging activity by taking Gallic acid as the standard. The bio active components were high in fresh rind i.e total flavanoids, w/w 2.48 (per cent), total tannins, w/w 2.76 (per cent) and total poly phenols, w/w 1.1 (per cent) than in dry rind 0.20 (per cent), 0.10 (per cent) and 0.04(per cent) respectively. The antioxidant activity of fresh rind was 66.30 (per cent), 73.65 (per cent) and 81.44 (per cent) at the dose of 20mg, 40mg and 60mg. Hence, the traditionally claimed medicinal benefits of gummigutta might be due to its potential antioxidant property. However, further studies to be carried out on animal models using their biological tissues before exploiting commercially.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigations on the Antibacterial Activities of Garcinia Kola Seed
2019
The antibacterial activity of Garcinia kola seed extract against Staphyloccoccus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae of was investigated. Garcinia kola Seeds were purchased from Okitipupa local market in okitipupa metropolis of Ondo State. The seeds were dehusked, chopped, air dried, pulverized and stored in a clean air tight bottle sample. 100 g of pulverized Garcinia kola seed was extracted with 900 mL of analytical grade methanol. The mixture was filtered and concentrated to obtain a crude extract. Agar-gel diffusion inhibition technique was adopted for the antimicrobial screening of Garcinia kola seed. 2.0 ml of 50 mg/ml, 75 mg/ml and l00 mg/ml of Garcinia kola seed extract was gently poured into each of the wells in the agar plates. Agar plates of ampiclox were also prepared as control. The agar plates of both extract and antibiotic were then incubated at a temperature of 37°C for 24 hours. The zones of inhibition around the well were measured. The zones of inhibition of the extract against selected bacteria range from 00 mm to 21 mm. The control (ampilox) showed zones of inhibition of 22, 30, 32 and 29 mm against Staphyloccoccus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae respectively. Based on the zones of inhibition the order of susceptibility of the bacterial to the extract was Staphyloccoccus aureus>Escherichia coli>Bacillus subtilis>Klebsiella pneumoniae. The results obtained from this study, provides scientific evidence that can help in validation of Garcinia kola seed as antibacterial agent for the treatment of bacteria infections. Also, the insilico docking study showed that kolaviron have the highest tendency to inhibit all the studied bacterial cell lines.
Antibacterial activity of Garcinia kola seed and leaf extracts on some selected clinical isolates
Garcinia kola seeds and leaves were screened for their anti bacterial activities using 1% hydrochloric acid, diethylether, acetic acid (ethanoic acid) and acetone. The seeds and leaves were dried and ground into powdered form. 10g of the ground seeds and leaves were in four sets. 90ml of the extraction solvents was added to each set. The seed and leaf extracts were tested on clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Streptococcus pyogenes using Agar Diffusion Method. Acetic acid seed and leaf extract showed the highest degree of zones of inhibition of 44mm and 37mm respectively against all the test organisms. The other extracts showed no inhibitory effect on the test organisms. The mechanism of action of the seed and leaf extract on the four bacteria had leakage of both protein and potassium (K+) ions. Phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of some bioactive components like alkaloids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinones and cardiac glycosides. These components determine the antibacterial activity of the seed and leaf extracts. The results from this study, provides scientific evidence that Garcinia kola has the capability of inhibiting the growth of pathogenic micro organisms; thus it will be useful in tropical medicine for the treatment of microbial infections.
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2017
Objectives: A previous study showed that methanol extracts of Garcinia latissima Miq. demonstrated antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The aim of this study was to obtain active antibacterial fractions from methanol extracts of G. latissima Miq. Methods: Fractionation of extracts was performed on G60 silica gel column chromatography using n-hexane eluent, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Antibacterial tests were done using the paper disc method to determine the zone of inhibition, the microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and a bioautographic test. Results: Fractions A-E, and F had zones of inhibition against B. subtilis. Fractions A-E had zones of inhibition against S. aureus. Fractions C-E had zones of inhibition against P. aeruginosa. The bio-autograph test showed zones of inhibition on several bio-autographic spots, indicating that active compounds were obtained from the fractionation of methanol extract from G. latissima Miq. fruit rind. Fraction D's MIC against B. subtilis, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa was 312.5 ppm. The MIC of Fraction C against B. subtilis and of Fraction R against P. aeruginosa also was 312.5 ppm. Conclusion: Fraction D was the most active fraction against the three test bacteria.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF GARCINIA KOLA AND COLA NITIDA SEED EXTRACTS
Antibacterial activity of Garcinia kola (Bitter Kola) and Cola nitida (Kola nut) against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was studied. Results showed that alcohol extract of Garcinia kola was active against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae at various concentrations, with the latter displaying the lowest sensitivity. Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi were completely resistant. Hot water extract of the same plant was however, active against Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The other organisms showed sensitivity to the alcohol extract of Cola nitida, but higher sensitivity was observed with the hot water extract of the plant. Some of the results provided scientific evidence for the use of the plants by traditional herbalists in the treatment of microbial infections.
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Studies on Garcinia Lattissima Miq. Fruit Extract
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Objective: The present investigation was aimed to explore the phytoconstituents present in the fruit part of Garcinia lattissima Miq. and their antimicrobial efficacy.Methods: The preliminary phytochemical constituents were qualitatively analyzed using the standard procedures described in Materia Medica Indonesia. Antimicrobial screening was performed using disc diffusion and dilution methods.Results: Phytochemical screening of different extracts of G. lattissima Miq. fruits revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids, and the results are shown in Table 1. The ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of G. lattissima Miq. fruits showed antimicrobial activity, and the n-hexane extract failed to prove the inhibition against the selected pathogens.Conclusion: The results of the phytochemical and bio-efficacy study revealed most valuable information and also support the continued sustainable use of G. lattissima Miq. fruits in the traditional system of medicine.
Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2012
Policegoudra, et al.: Phytochemical and In Vitro Evaluation of Garcinia lancifolia Garcinia lancifolia (Clusiaceae) is an unexplored medicinal plant used as stomachic, diuretic and its fruit is used to cure dysentery and diarrhoea. The acidic fruits are used to prepare juice, pickle and curries. The phytochemical analysis of different extracts of G. lancifolia leaf, stem and fruit revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids and cardiac glycosides. The high phenolic content was observed in the methanol extract of leaf followed by methanol extract of stem and dichloromethane extract of leaf. The G. lancifolia fruit juice exhibited high antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Streptococcus mutans, Bacillus mycoides and Bacillus subtilis. The methanol extract of fruit pulp was also very effective against Gram-positive bacteria when compared with Gram-negative bacteria. The radical scavenging activity of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl was highest in fruit juice followed by methanol extract of leaf and stem. All extracts showed concentration-dependent increase in the antioxidant activity.