The Development of Ottoman Governmental Institutions in the Fourteenth Century: A Reconstruction (original) (raw)

2008, Living in the Ottoman Ecumenical Community: Essays in Honour of Suraiya Faroqhi, 17-34

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The paper examines the administrative development of the Ottoman Empire in the fourteenth century, highlighting the complexities arising from the overlapping influences of Seljuk and Ilkhanid systems. It argues for a reconstruction of Ottoman governmental institutions by integrating scarce documentary evidence with chronicle data and comparative analysis from other beyliks. The study aims to clarify the indirect pathways through which earlier Islamic bureaucratic traditions shaped the early Ottoman administrative framework, noting the challenges in establishing a cohesive historical narrative.

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The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum and the Turkmen of the Byzantine Frontier, 1206-1279

This article examines the frontier between the Seljuk Sultanate of Rūm and its Byzantine neighbours in the thirteenth century, concentrating on the place of these frontier districts within the Seljuk state. Scholarship on the frontier, influenced by the ideas of Paul Wittek, has seen it as something of a "no man's land", politically, economically, culturally and religiously distinct from the urban heartland of the Seljuk sultanate in central Anatolia, dominated by the nomadic Turks, the Turkmen, who operated largely beyond sultanic control. It is often thought that the Seljuk and Greek sides of the border shared more in common with each other than they did with the states of which they formed a part. In contrast, this article argues that in fact the western frontier regions were closely integrated into the Seljuk sultanate. Furthermore, with the Mongol domination of the Seljuk sultanate in the second half of the thirteenth century, the Seljuk and Mongol elites became increasingly involved in this frontier region, where some of the leading figures of the sultanate had estates and endowments.

THE OTTOMAN EMIRATE (1300-1389), Edited by: Elizabeth Zachariadou

The transformation of a small emirate, situated on the south-eastern the border of the Byzantine state, into the powerful Ottoman empire, which succeeded that of Byzantium and exerted a powerful impact on the Western Christian world for several centuries constitutes a phenomenon with a variety of aspects. The theories of the great historians M. F. Koprulu and P. Wittek, both put forward in the 1930s, have recently been challenged. On the other hand, recent findings, and subsequent studies have provoked further discussions with new arguments and provided additional explanations. The role of the dervishes in the formation of the Ottoman emirate has been stressed. Coins have been found which shed new light on the humble beginnings of the fourteenth-century Turkish emirs. Texts relating to religion and the holy war have been discovered. Cadasters or land censuses have clarified early institutions. Thus a re-examination of the history of the emirate which was to develop into an empire became a desideratum.

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