Call for Papers: Workshop Affective economy of deportation. EASA 2020, Lisbon (original) (raw)
Related papers
Editorial Introduction: Deportation, Anxiety, Justice (2015)
Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies., 2015
This paper introduces a collection of articles that share ethnographic perspectives on the intersections between deportation, anxiety and justice. As a form of expulsion regulating human mobility, deportation policies may be justified by public authorities as measures responding to anxieties over (unregulated) migration. At the same time, they also bring out uncertainty and unrest to deportable/deported migrants and their families. Providing new and complementary insights into what deportation’ as a legal and policy measure actually embraces in social reality, this special issue argues for an understanding of deportation as a process that begins long before, and carries on long after, the removal from one country to another takes place. It provides a transnational perspective over the ‘deportation corridor’, covering different places, sites, actors and institutions. Furthermore, it reasserts the emotional and normative elements inherent to deportation policies and practices emphasising the interplay between deportation, perceptions of justice and national, institutional and personal anxieties. The papers cover a broad spectrum of geographical sites, deportation practices and perspectives and are a significant and long overdue contribution to the current state of the art in deportation studies.
9. The contours of deportation studies
Handbook of Return Migration, 2022
Across the world, deportation politics is a topic of both urgent and long-standing political concern. In the United States (US), the Trump election-campaign promise of deporting millions of irregular immigrants led to the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) operations deporting more than 300,000 so-called unauthorised immigrants to Central and South American countries such as Mexico, Puerto Rico and Brazil in 2018. Yet, these operations were still smaller in scale than under the Obama administration, where an annual average of around 400,000 were deported between 2012 and 2014 (Gramlich, 2020). Similarly, the European Commission's (EC) 2020 Migration Pact described the upscaling of deportations from the Schengen space as 'a fresh start [that strikes] a new balance between responsibility and solidarity' (Stevis-Gridneff, 2020). This, even though the Commission had voiced a similar focus many times in the previous years-for instance when the controversial European Union (EU)-Afghanistan Joint Way Forward statement aimed at deporting at least 80,000 rejected Afghan asylum-seekers from European asylum systems (EEAS, 2016). So-called Western countries have been instrumental in facilitating this 'deportation turn' whereby governments increasingly rely on the technology of the forced removal of asylum-seekers as a way of addressing domestic political controversy. However, countries from the so-called Global South, including Thailand, India and South Africa, have also recently been upscaling the use of this political technology. In 2016, for instance, an estimated 1 million people were deported to Afghanistan, a number which included more than 400,000 and 250,000 people from Iran and Pakistan, respectively (Majidi, 2017, pp.4, 8-9). Among the international organisations (IOs) working with humanitarian and migration management operations, the 'repatriation' of people has long been among the stables of standard durable solutions. This has the effect of narrating the deportations of irregular migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers as misplaced anomalies reinserted into the state-based international system and its 'national order of things' (Malkki, 1995). Consequently, as a political technology enforcing socio-normative boundaries between membership and non-membership, the differential ascriptions of rights, duties and the legitimacy of the use of force, deportation gives rise to crucial political, ideological and ethical debates, as Kalir forcefully argues in Chapter 6 of the Handbook. Through five interlinked sections, the present chapter introduces central conceptualisations and discussions through which the interdisciplinary field of deportation study has evolved. After a brief introductory literature overview, the first section sketches a central approach in deportation studies-namely, regimes of sovereign biopolitics. The second section then moves on to discussing deportation in terms of continuums and corridors. The third section adds to this a new perspective on deportation politics as markets and technologies, before the fourth section discusses issues of race and postcoloniality in deportation. The fifth section relates the
The Deportation Corridor. A Spatial, Institutional and Affective State of Transit
Allegra. A Virtual Lab of Legal Anthropology, 2014
In this post we wish to underline the importance of taking a transnational perspective over what we have termed the deportation corridor, and we will do so by drawing on the contributions that formed part of a special issue we edited for the Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies entitled ‘Deportation, Anxiety, Justice: New Ethnographic Perspectives.’ By connecting the notion of the corridor to the enactment and the experience of deportation, we wish to highlight a spatial, institutional and affective state of transit, which appears permanent and transitory at the same time.
The Howard Journal of Crime and Justice, 2017
In 2006, the then Labour Home Secretary, Charles Clarke, was sacked after it emerged that over the course of seven years, over a thousand released foreign national prisoners had not been considered for deportation. Following the media revelations, the deportation of foreign national offenders became top priority for the Home Office. Under the UK Borders Act 2007, therefore, a foreign national will be served with an automatic deportation order if they have been sentenced to twelve months or more of imprisonment. The serving of an automatic deportation order, however, rarely results in its swift execution. As Ines Hasselberg asserts in this book, deportation can be delayed for a long period of time due to legal and human rights constraints, immigration appeals, and lack of cooperation with receiving states. While most studies on deportation follow the trajectories of those displaced, Hasselberg's work focuses on those stuck in a 'legal limbo' as they fight for their right to family life and access to the place they call 'home'. In a move which deserves great credit, Hasselberg also pays particular attention to the family members of those marked for deportation. Not only are family members also forced to endure the same uncertainty but, as Hasselberg demonstrates, their testimonies and actions are crucial for the success of foreign national offenders' appeals. In providing insights 'into how deportation and deportability translate into social reality and how it impacts upon the lives of those whom it affects the most', the book takes shape within the already existing scholarship on detention, deportability, and the securitisation of borders (p.145). In particular, the book follows the argument that researchers should focus more on the legal production of deportability and illegality, rather than solely on the illegal migrant (De Genova 2002). Following a particularly thoughtprovoking ethics section, the first main chapter of the book lays down the theoretical groundwork needed for understanding deportation not as a singular event but as both a process and 'a practice of state power embedded in anxiety, uncertainty and unrest' (p.40). This is followed by a concise examination of the recent socio-political developments that have led to the increased deportability of foreign national offenders in the UK. These developments, as noted by Hasselberg, include New Labour's use of 'bogus' refugee rhetoric to enforce harsher detention and deportation methods, the abovementioned media crisis in 2006, and the increased cooperation between the UK Border Agency (UKBA) and Her Majesty's Prison Service (HMPS) in the management of foreign national prisoners. The following chapter, the first of four empirical chapters, focuses on foreign nationals' encounters with the UK's legal institutions, the Asylum and Immigration Tribunal in particular. The chapter commences with a clear overview of the Immigration Appeals System, through which foreign nationals must navigate in order to appeal against their deportation decisions. In rich ethnographic detail, Hasselberg recounts the emotional strain of the appeals process on both foreign nationals and their relations, as the 125
COM/PASSIONATE PROTESTS: FIGHTING THE DEPORTATION OF ASYLUM SEEKERS
Despite disadvantageous conditions, various forms of protest by ordinary citizens have emerged in Austria to stop the expulsion of asylum seekers. How can protest activities in favor of refugees be explained? Empirically, this article relies on a protest event analysis (PEA) of media articles and an emotion analysis (EA) of protest material. Following the emotional turn, this study emphasizes that personal ties and closely related affective emotions-friendship and solidarity-between deportees and protesters account for the most relevant resources of protest. Moreover, activists strategically use reactive/moral emotions-fear, outrage, and shame-to mobilize broader support. Protesters are mostly recruited from the personal environment of the potential deportees, and the most salient argument expressed against deportation is that well-integrated people deserve to remain in the country. The article concludes that social ties and emotions are useful in explaining not only the emergence and spread of protests but also certain limitations inherent in them with regard to policy change.
Chapter 4 “The adventure is not easy.” – Narrating forms of suffering in deportation experiences
»Failed« Migratory Adventures?, 2022
Chapter 4 "The adventure is not easy."-Narrating forms of suffering in deportation experiences 1 "The adventure is not easy" is a mantra for many former migrants who have become deportees, likewise for potential migrants and those stuck in transit. Suffering, in fact, is omnipresent in their narratives, in phrases such as "it's always the same suffering" or "it's hard to forget the suffering." To summarize the experiences of their migratory journey and eventual deportation, they link different forms of suffering in evoking the specific ambivalence of the entire "migratory adventure," which was the starting point for this book. This chapter is now set to dive into situations after deportation, but it focuses first of all on deportees' experiences of actual deportation processes and deportation regimes to aid our understanding of what happens to them as a result. What does deportation do to them? How do they change (physically, emotionally, and socially) as it impacts their situation and the situation of their social surroundings afterwards? From a theoretical point of view, the chapter centers on specific patterns in the accounts of suffering that emerge from the experiences depicted in deportees' narratives. As an intensely rich emic and theoretical concept, suffering can be seen as culturally, socially, and historically contingent, and, as a theme, it will accompany the analytical discussion throughout the book. This chapter provides a conceptual and empirical basis for deportees' narrative accounts and reconstructions of suffering. 2 The experiences and memories of migration and deportation have often left literal marks on deportees' bodies, and this damage may continue to be part of their everyday experience. Suffering also represents how people deal with the situation after deportations. The forms of suffering that appear in deportees' narrative presentations of deportation can, in the terminology of Kleinman and Kleinman (1991), be deemed to be both "suffering resulting from extreme conditions" and a "routinized form of 1 Parts of this chapter have been previously published in Schultz, S. U. (2021b). 2 The richness of local perceptions of and allusions to suffering found in Mali will be revisited in Chapters 5 and 6.
Enduring Uncertainty. Deportation, Punishment and Everyday Life
Berghahn Books, 2016
On the 14 of April of 2010, I was approached by J. who had come across my doctoral research webpage when she was desperately searching the net in an attempt to find a way to keep her husband in the UK. My doctoral research was centred on deportation from the UK. What effect do British policies of deportation have on those facing deportation and their families? What strategies are devised to cope with and react to deportation? In what ways does deportability influence one's sense of justice, security and self, and how does that translate into everyday life? Those were the questions I wanted to, and did, discuss. Her email, copied below, is a powerful and moving description of what is like to live with the uncertainty of deportation and how that uncertainty is experienced, not just by the one facing expulsion from the UK but the family at large too. In one page J. conveys the embodiment of deportation, its meaning and reach. I invite to read this email (J. is a pseudonym, some details in her story were modified to ensure anonymity, J. consented to its publication).
Blood, sweat and tears: On the corporeality of deportation
Environment & Politics C: Politics & Space, 2024
It is hard to imagine how deportation regimes could function without the threat or the exercise of force. Yet surprisingly a focus on forces and bodies, and more generally the question of corporeality, has rarely been foregrounded by migration scholars looking at deportation. Academic study of clandestine border crossing as well as detention abounds with descriptions and theorization at the level of the body. Why not deportation? Building on fieldwork with cantonal police units in Switzerland between 2015 and 2017, this paper calls for scholars of deportation to take corporeality seriously. We follow some of the corporeal practices implemented by state actors and related experts and authorities to understand how bodies feature in removal practices in terms of senses, feelings, affects, nerves, pulses, breathing. Violence overarches this scene, but it is by no means the whole story in the state's struggle for sovereignty and racialised removal, since we should equally register the other moves that are integral to deportation operations such as calming, monitoring, medicating, consoling, dressing, undressing, and inspecting. To overlook the corporeal is to risk producing an overly sanitized, cleansed, tidy depiction of deportation.
Deportation as a Type of Migration: Theoretical Justification and Historical Brief
Економіка та суспільство
The paper assumes that deportation is one of the kinds of migration, particularly forced migration, e.g. refugees. The necessity of research arises as millions of people were affected by deportation last century and much more previously. Even nowadays, deportation still occurs. Nevertheless, it has little attention from publicity, specifically from political and scientific communities. Therefore, the paper aims to provide theoretical justification and reveal historical evidence to describe this practice, its purpose and scale, and its impact on deportees. We pursue that deportation has to receive more attention, especially from international organisations like the UN and IOM. Special bodies within this organisation have to be created to help victims of deportation, similar to refugees. The paper starts with building up the theoretical justification by analysis of definitions of "deportation" provided by other authors, its characteristics and peculiarities. Further, we cont...