Arhitekta Aleksandar Stjepanović. Infrastruktura društva: stanovanje i prateće funkcije, objekti dečije zaštite, školstva i visokog obrazovanja / Architect Aleksandar Stjepanović. Infrastructure of Society: Housing and Accompanying Functions, Child Welfare, School and Higher Education Facilities (original) (raw)

2019, 14th Belgrade International Architecture Week - Catalog

Prvih decenija po završetku Drugog svetskog rata, zemlje širom sveta beleže ogroman zamah izgradnje u svim mogućim razmerama i najrazličitijim tipologijama. Jugoslavija nije izuzetak – štaviše, zemlja beleži istorijske rekorde u rastu privrede i posledično, ulaganjima u infrastrukturu svake vrste. Istorijske okolnosti na međunarodnom planu dovode do specifičnog jugoslovenskog ekcepcionalizma, koji omogućuje samoupravljanje na unutrašnjem, a nesvrstanost na spoljnom političkom planu – što je stvorilo posebnu klimu za razvoj eksperimenta u arhitekturi koji pleni tihu pažnju međunarodne stručne javnosti od samog nastanka. Danas je ova arhitektura u novom talasu interesovanja i zadobija novu, globalnu popularnost i publiku koja prati stare „veličanstvene ruine“, da li će se i kako rekonstruisati i kako će se u njima živeti i raditi u budućnosti. Međutim, ono što je daleko zanimljivije jeste društvo koje je iznedrilo takvu arhitekturu, i omogućilo pojavu i delovanje niza autora i autorskih timova izvanrednog talenta, a koji su to društvo uprostorili. Mnogi od njih često imaju i vrlo ambivalentan odnos prema zadacima koji su pred njih postavljeni, te načinu na koji se njihovi projekti realizuju, ali ipak uspevaju da iznesu svoje ideje onako kako su ih zamislili. Isto tako, ova generacija arhitekata kroz svoja dela beleži i svakodnevicu društva za koje stvara, i njegov uspon i pad odslikava arhitektonskom produkcijom: prvi nespretni -ali odlučni koraci u industrijalizaciji; eksperimenti sa novim formama, materijalima i razmerama; vrhunac produkcije kada su svi – naručioci, investitori, projektanti, izvođači i proizvođači – radili kao jedan, dobro podešen mehanizam; do postepenog opadanja, smanjenja, egzila, te najzad degradacije – kako same produkcije tako i (iz)građenog prostora. In the first decades after the end of the Second World War, countries all over the world saw hugely intensified construction in all the possible proportions and in a myriad of typologies. Yugoslavia was by no means an exception - in those times, it boasted historic records in economic growth and, consequently, in the investments in all the types of infrastructure. At the international level, historical circumstances led to a specific Yugoslav exceptionalism, which enabled self-government in internal policy and a non-aligned position in foreign policy. As a result, it created a specific climate for the development of experimental architecture, which quietly drew the attention of international experts from the very moment it was created. Today, this type of architecture has been the object of a new surge of interest and has gained a new and global popularity, with the public watching the “magnificent ruins” getting old and deliberating if and how such ruins are going to be reconstructed and how one is going to live and work there in future. However, what is far more interesting is a society that bred such architecture, thereby enabling the appearance and activity of many extraordinarily talented individual authors and teams of authors, who created space of such society. Many of them often had a very ambivalent attitude towards the tasks set before them and towards the method of the realization of such projects, but, nevertheless, they succeed in conveying their ideas the way they envisaged them. In the same way, it is through their works that this generation of architects records everyday life of the society for which they design, reflecting its rise and fall through architectural production: the initial clumsy - but decisive - steps in industrialization; experiments with new forms, materials and proportions; the peak of production, when everybody - clients, investors, designers, contractors and manufacturers - acted as a single and well adjusted mechanism, then a gradual decline, decrease, exile and, finally, degradation - both of production itself and of built space/space being built.