Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant activity of selected Peruvian medicinal plants (original) (raw)
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Citrus sinensis has intensively been used for its nutritional and therapeutic values, usually attributed to their antioxidant properties. Several studies have earlier focused on its fruits, seeds, oils, juice and flowers. This study focuses on leaves and aimed at determining radical scavenging capacity (RSC), antiradical power(ARP), total polyphenols (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) content of the aqueous (AE), hydroethanolic (HEE) and ethanolic (EE) extracts and their activities on free radicals DPPH • , ABTS+ and NO. Phenolic compounds of all the extracts were measured by Folin-Ciocalteu assays. RSC of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH •), 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+) and nitric oxide (NO •) radicals were measured. Also, the reducing power of extracts on phosphomolybdenum was evaluated by total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assay, antiradical power and EC 50 were determined. All the extracts possessed high TPC ranging from 306.67 ± 43.72 to 353.33 ± 30.55 µg of Eq Catechin /mg respectively for EA and EE. EE, EA, EC showed their ability to scavenge all the radicals and an important reducing power. Aqueous extracts presented the lower EC 50 (mg/ml) 4.60, 4.27, and 4.01x10-4 with DPPH • , ABTS + , NO • respectively and the highest ARP. Many correlations observed between TAC and ABTS +-RSC (r = 0.958, p<0.001), TAC and DPPH •-RSC (r= 0.934, p<0.001); TPC and DPPH •-RSC (r=0.738, p<0.05) justified its ability. leaves' Aqueous Extracts possess high radical scavenging activity and total polyphenols, good TAC and ARP. Leaves' extracts can be used as natural antioxidant source and deserve to be further explored for biological activities.
Screening of antioxidant activity and phenolic content of 24 medicinal plant extracts
DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical …, 2008
Background: Antioxidants are vital substances which possess the ability to protect the body from damages caused by free radical-induced oxidative stress. A variety of free radical scavenging antioxidants are found in dietary sources like fruits, vegetables and tea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts of 24 selected plant materials (seeds or fruits), which are used by Iranian people as folk remedies and/or food supplements. Methods: The antioxidant activity was evaluated against linoleic acid peroxidation using 1,3-diethyl-2-thiobarbituric acid as reagent. At the same time the phenolic content of the extracts was determined using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent to evaluate their contribution to total antioxidant activity. Results: The antioxidant activity expressed as IC 50 ranged from 1.25 µg/ml in cucumber to 167.29 µg/ml in cardamom. Phenolic contents, expressed as gallic acid equivalents, varied from 21.76 mg/100g of the dried weight in linseed to 919.12 mg/100 g of the dried weight in Bishop's weed. No significant correlation was observed between antioxidant activity and phenolic content in the studied plant materials. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there is no significant correlation between antioxidant activity and phenolic content of the studied plant materials and phenolic content could not be a good indicator of antioxidant capacity.
Assessment of antioxidant capacity of some extracts for further use in therapy
Salviae and Plantago species are plants known as having antioxidant effects. The aim of the study was to compare in vitro the antioxidant capacity of these medicinal plants from two different areas of Romania (Bihor and Arad counties) in order to use it in the future in the field of pharmacology and medicine. An UV-Vis spectra fingerprint (250-800 nm) of ethanol extracts from Salviae and Plantago species was recorded in order to establish the maximum absorption, specifically bioactive compounds. The bioactive compounds from those two extracts, polyphenols types were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the total flavonoids have been determined through a spectrophotometric method. Antioxidant capacity of the extracts was evaluated by the following methods: DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-Azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]-diammonium salt) and FRAP (the Ferric reducing antioxidant power). The results shown, that Salviae species are rich in polyphenols, while Plantago is rich in flavonoids being a good reason for their association.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2009
Aqueous extracts of 30 plants were investigated for their antioxidant properties using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capacity assay, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay, and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) assay. Total phenolic content was also determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant properties and total phenolic content differed significantly among selected plants. It was found that oak (Quercus robur), pine (Pinus maritima), and cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) aqueous extracts possessed the highest antioxidant capacities in most of the methods used, and thus could be potential rich sources of natural antioxidants. These extracts presented the highest phenolic content (300-400 mg GAE/g). Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) and clove (Eugenia caryophyllus clovis) aqueous extracts also showed strong antioxidant properties and a high phenolic content (about 200 mg GAE/g). A significant relationship between antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content was found, indicating that phenolic compounds are the major contributors to the antioxidant properties of these plants.
Phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of medicinal plants: a review
2013
ABSTRACT Plants have been used for medicinal purposes since the origin of human civilization and their uses were described by the great civilizations of the ancient Chinese, Indian and Mediterranean. Nowadays, they continue to be the source of new medicines either by providing lead molecules or as natural herbal products (teas, tinctures, powders, poultices, infusions as well as other formulations). Herbal medicinal products are defined as any medicinal product, exclusively containing as active ingredients one or more herbal substances or one or more herbal preparations, or one or more such herbal substances in combination with one or more such herbal preparations. Compounds produced by plants are divided in two groups: primary and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are compounds that possess fundamental roles in plant development steps such as phytosterols, acyl lipids, nucleotides, amino acids and organic acids. Secondary plant metabolites are structurally diverse and many are distributed among a limited number of plant species. Some of these compounds were found to have a key role in the protection of plants in several ways. Moreover, there are increasing evidences that modest long-term intakes of some specific classes of these compounds can favorable reduce and/or prevent the incidence of cancers and many chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, type II diabetes and hypertension, as well as the ageing process. Plant secondary metabolites can be grouped, based on their biosynthetic formation, into four groups: phenolic compounds, terpenoids, alkaloids and sulphur-containing compounds. Phenolic compounds are of great interest mainly due to their bioactive functions involved in human health-related issues. Oxidative stress and human health, namely in the pathogenesis of various diseases and disorders are related in different ways. Under stress, the human body will produce more harmful species, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) than enzymatic antioxidants and non-enzymatic antioxidants, inducing cell damage. This effect is increased when there are not enough antioxidants to quench these harmful radicals. During a large period, artificial antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), propyl gallate (Pg) and tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) were used as additives in foods and beverages. However, their use is now restricted since they are associated with high levels of cytotoxicity and carcinogenic effects. Therefore, there is a major need to find natural compounds with antioxidant properties and low toxicity associated. An antioxidant can be defined as a compound that inhibits or significantly delays the oxidation of substrates even if the compound is present in lower concentration than the oxidized substrate. Phenolic compounds and aromatic amines are free-radical scavengers and also present reducing properties. In this paper, we present an overview on phenolic compounds and their relation with antioxidant capacity of medicinal plants. Methods for extraction, detection and quantification of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity assays are revised and examples of important medicinal plants are presented.
Food Chemistry, 2009
Methanolic extract powders of acerola, passion fruit and pineapple industrial residues, including pulp, seeds and peel, altogether (except for acerola) devoid of seeds, were screened for antioxidant capacity. The total phenolic contents (TPCs) of the extract powders were compared with their radical-scavenging activities (RSA) against both DPPH and superoxide anion (O À 2 ) radicals, and their protective effect against liposome peroxidation, triggered by peroxyl radical. Lipid peroxidation was followed by the fluorescence decay of the probe, 4,4-difluoro-5-(4-phenyl-1,3-butadienyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-3undecanoic acid (C 11 -BODIPY 581/591 ). The TPCs of acerola, passion fruit and pineapple extract powders were (94.6 ± 7.4); (41.2 ± 4.2) and (9.1 ± 1.3) mg of gallic acid equivalents g À1 of dry extract, respectively. Acerola showed the best RSA-DPPH scores, whereas passion fruit was more protective on the RSA-O À 2 system. Together with the protective effects against lipid peroxidation (rate of BODIPY decay), which were similar for acerola and passion fruit extracts, these data suggest that the methanolic extracts of acerola and passion fruit residues may be useful as antioxidant supplements, particularly the acerola extract, due to its high phenolic content.
Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of medicinal plants
Research, Society and Development
Medicinal plants have played an essential role in the development of human culture. Today, the contribution of plants in industries such as fine chemicals, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, drugs, and industrial raw materials is remarkable. Recent studies have shown that plants have constituents with functional properties that effectively treat and prevent chronic degenerative diseases. Based on the importance of medicinal plants, this study aimed to quantify the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of 10 medicinal plants. The phenolic content was quantified using the Swain and Hillis method with a Folin-Ciocalteau reagent, while the antioxidant activity was determined using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reagent. The samples were dried in a circulating air incubator at 60 ºC for 48 h before phenolic extraction. The compounds were extracted with 50% v/v ethanol, 50% v/v acetone, and distilled water. The results of this study showed that 80% of the plants analyzed had si...
2008
Due to differences in the functional quality of natural extracts, we have also faced differences in their effectiveness. So, it was intended to assess the antioxidant activity of natural extracts in order to attain their functional quality. It was observed that all the extracts (brown and green propolis, Ginkgo biloba and Isoflavin Beta®) and the standard used (quercetin) showed antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner with IC 50 values ranging from 0.21 to 155.28 μg mL-1 (inhibition of lipid peroxidation and scavenging of the DPPH • assays). We observed a high correlation (r 2 = 0.9913) among the antioxidant methods; on the other hand, the antioxidant activity was not related to the polyphenol and flavonoid content. As the DPPH • assay is a fast method, presents low costs and even has a high correlation with other antioxidant methods, it could be applied as an additional parameter in the quality control of natural extracts. RESUMEN. "Evaluación de la actividad antioxidante como parámetro adicional para lograr la calidad funcional de extractos naturales". Debido a las diferencias en la calidad funcional de extractos naturales, nosotros hemos advertido también diferencias en su efectividad, por lo que se pretende estimar la actividad antioxidante de extractos naturales para lograr su calidad funcional. Fue observado que todos los extractos (propolis marrón y verde, Ginkgo biloba e Isoflavin Beta®) y el patrón usado (quercetina) mostraron actividad antioxidante de una manera dosis-dependiente con valores de IC 50 que van de 0,21 a 155,28 al μg mL-1 (inhibición de la peroxidación lipídioca y captación de radicales libres del DPPH •). Se observó una alta correlación (r 2 = 0,9913) entre los métodos antioxidantes y por otro lado la actividad antioxidante no estuvo relacionada con el contenido del polifenoles ni de flavonoides. Como el análisis del DPPH • es un método rápido, presenta costos bajos e incluso tiene una correlación alta con otros métodos antioxidantes, este método podría utilizarse como un parámetro adicional en el control de calidad de extractos naturales.
Relationship Between Phenolic Content And Antioxidant Capacity In Seven Traditional Medicinal Plants
2018
Antioxidant potential of seven medicinal plants through total phenolic content using Folin - Ciocalteu's method has been studied in which five phenolic compounds were quantified by HPLC and their antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH radical scavenging and total antioxidant activity methods. Moreover, the correlation between their total phenolic content and chemical compositions with total antioxidant capacity was also analyzed. The data resulted from DPPH radical scavenging activities indicated that they displayed the good activities with low IC50 values. Importantly, L. rubra had the highest activities, approximately 32 times less than that of curcumin. Basex on the total antioxidant activity and HPLC analysis, the antioxidant capacity of H. parasitica wass found the highest among seven medicinal plants. The amount of the five phenolic compounds is closely correlated with either total phenolic compounds or total antioxidant capacity. Obviously, phenolic compounds were ...
In vitro antioxidant activity and phenolic contents in methanol extracts from medicinal plants
Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2013
Antioxidant activities and phenolic contents of 26 species extracts from 20 botanical families grown in north-western Himalaya were investigated. Antioxidant activities were determined using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using a Folin-Ciocalteu assay. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of phenolic compounds was also carried out by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) using diode array detector (DAD). Major phenolics determined using RP-HPLC in analyzed species were gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid. Antiradical efficiency (1/EC 50 ) determined using DPPH radical scavenging assay ranged from 0.13 to 5.46. FRAP values ranged from 8.66 to 380.9 μmol Fe(II)/g dw. Similarly, the total phenolic content in the analyzed species varied from 3.01 to 69.96 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight. Gallic acid was found in the majority of the samples, being most abundant compound in Syzygium cumini bark (92.64 mg/100 g dw).