Energy Efficient MAC Protocols in Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks-A Survey (original) (raw)
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A Review of Energy Efficiency in Wireless Body Area/Sensor Networks, With Emphasis on MAC Protocol
Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing (AETiC), 2020
The increasing use of wireless communication and the continuous miniaturisation of electronics devices have brought about the concept of Wireless Body Area Network (WBANs). In these types of networks, the sensor node operates in close proximity to the body and also the wireless nature of the system presents various novel, real-time and new methods to improve health care delivery. The sensor is capable of measuring any parameter which it has been designed to read, for example the heartrate and the body temperature. This paper presents a review of the concept of WBANs with a focus on the mechanism of data communication over the wireless medium. Further, it examines ways to power such devices, in particular focusing on minimisation of energy requirements, thereby reducing maintenance demands and contributing to making the environment 'greener'.
Towards Power Efficient MAC Protocol for In-Body and On-Body Sensor Networks
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2009
This paper presents an empirical discussion on the design and implementation of a power-efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for in-body and on-body sensor networks. We analyze the performance of a beacon-enabled IEEE 802.15.4, PB-TDMA, and S-MAC protocols for on-body sensor networks. We further present a Traffic Based Wakeup Mechanism that utilizes the traffic patterns of the BAN Nodes (BNs) to accommodate the entire BSN traffic. To enable a logical connection between different BNs working on different frequency bands, a method called Bridging function is proposed. The Bridging function integrates all BNs working on different bands into a complete BSN.
Energy-Efficient Low Duty Cycle MAC Protocol for Wireless Body Area Networks
IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, 2009
This paper presents an energy-efficient medium access control protocol suitable for communication in a wireless body area network for remote monitoring of physiological signals such as EEG and ECG. The protocol takes advantage of the static nature of the body area network to implement the effective time-division multiple access (TDMA) strategy with very little amount of overhead and almost no idle listening (by static, we refer to the fixed topology of the network investigated). The main goal is to develop energy-efficient and reliable communication protocol to support streaming of large amount of data. TDMA synchronization problems are discussed and solutions are presented. Equations for duty cycle calculation are also derived for power consumption and battery life predictions. The power consumption model was also validated through measurements. Our results show that the protocol is energy efficient for streaming communication as well as sending short bursts of data, and thus can be used for different types of physiological signals with different sample rates. The protocol is implemented on the analog devices ADF7020 RF transceivers.
Energy-Efficient TDMA-Based MAC Protocol for Wireless Body Area Networks
2009
Body area networks (BAN) are a specific type of network structure. They are spread over a very small area and their available power is heavily constrained. Hence it is useful to have gateway points in the network, such as nodes carried around the belt, that are less power constrained and can be used for network coordination. This network structure can result in very low transmission power/range for the sensors and effective TDMA timing control. This paper presents an energy-efficient MAC protocol for communication within the wireless body area network. The protocol takes advantage of the fixed nature of the body area network to implement a TDMA strategy with very little communication overhead, long sleep times for the sensor transceivers and robustness to communication errors. The protocol is implemented on the analog devices ADF7020 RF transceivers.
Energy Efficient MAC Protocols
2012 IEEE 14th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communication & 2012 IEEE 9th International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems, 2012
This paper presents a survey of energy efficiency of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols for Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks (WBASNs). We highlight the features of MAC protocols along with their advantages and limitations in context of WBASNs. Comparison of Low Power Listening (LPL), Scheduled Contention and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) is also elaborated. MAC protocols with respect to different approaches and techniques which are used for energy minimization, traffic control mechanisms for collision avoidance are discussed.We also present a survey of path loss models for In-body, On-body and Off-body communications in WBASNs and analytically discuss that path loss is maximum in In-body communication because of low energy levels to take care of tissues and organs located inside the body. Survey of Power model for WBANs of CSMA/CA and beacon mode is also presented.
Energy-Efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocols for Wireless Body Area Networks: A Survey
With recent advances in wireless networking, Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) became practically feasible. This paper presents a survey about energy-efficient MAC protocols for WBANs. The importance and significance of MAC protocols are discussed. Several methods that provide energy efficiency for WBANs are identified. Also highlights features of various existing MAC protocols along with their advantages and limitations.
ï€ Abstract—Increasing developments in wireless communication has led to emergence of advanced technologies like Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). It is now possible to monitor a critical patient remotely at a far distance using WBAN. WBAN nodes are battery powered and charging and replacement of the battery is not feasible as some nodes may be implanted inside a human body. It is required to design energy efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol to control the radio communications for the enhancement of lifetime of network. This paper reviews some of the most recent energy efficient MAC protocols, and discusses their advantages and limitations as well as mentioning some important characteristics of MAC protocols.
Survey on Energy Efficiency Protocols in Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs
Nowadays, Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) becomes a very hot research area and interested by many of the scholars due to its high impacts in different areas of its application. One among the most important domain is in Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). WBAN is a technology that makes use of sensor devices connected wirelessly to monitor the health condition of a patient all the time. Since they are wirelessly connected and moves from one place to another due to the mobility of patient, these devices need a lot of power in order to operate for a long time. Energy conservation is a major challenging problem that someone must take into consideration while designing these devices. This paper presents a study survey of different protocols available in nowadays that are used to implement such the operation of these devices in order to survive for a long time while they conserve the power they are using.
A power efficient MAC protocol for wireless body area networks
2012
Applications of wearable and implanted wireless sensor devices are hot research area. A specialized field called the body area networks (BAN) has emerged to support this area. Managing and controlling such a network is a challenging task. An efficient media access control (MAC) protocol to handle proper management of media access can considerably improve the performance of such a network. Power consumption and delay are major concerns for MAC protocols in a BAN. Low cost wakeup radio module attached with sensor devices can help reduce power consumption and prolong the network lifetime by reducing idle state power consumption and increasing sleep time of a BAN node. In this article, we propose a new MAC protocol for BAN using out of band (on-demand) wakeup radio through a centralized and coordinated external wakeup mechanism. We have compared our method against some existing MAC protocols. Our method is found to be efficient in terms of power consumption and delay.
International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 2018
This paper provided a general study of Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) in health monitoring system as well as the study of the application of wearable and implanted Bio-Medical-Sensors (BMS) which are used to monitor the vital signs of a patient in early detection. Energy efficiency is a significant issue in WBAN which can be achieved by reducing the overhead of control packets, prioritizing sensor-nodes and sink-node selection. Moreover, uncertainty in network topologies, such as distance and link affect between sensor-nodes occurs due to the mobility of human. In this research, we propose a scheme to reduce the overhead of control packets and prioritizing the threshold values of vital signs by assigning low and high transmission power with enhanced IEEE802.15.6 CSMA/CA as well as introduce a Mobility Link Table (MLT) for selecting a sink-node to communicate with the coordinator. Compare it with existing IEEE802.15.6 CSMA/CA technique and results shows the proposed techniques regarding mean power consumption, network delay, network throughput.