Ottoman Conquest of Buda (original) (raw)
Related papers
2020
The position of Queen Isabella changed radically when, in late August 1541, Sultan Suleiman seized Buda, gave to her Transylvania and the eastern counties of the Kingdom of Hungary to rule. In the period from 1541 to 1551, Isabella were compelled to create her realm in the eastern parts, or more precisely, the Hungarian councillors of her created new framework for the part-country in the name of the Queen. At this time, her opportunities to decide on a course of action were rather limited: the decisions were made by the leading political figures in Hungary – mainly by Friar George, the first councillor of her husband – in conjunction with the Polish royal court. In those times Isabella corresponded continuously with her parents, or, if they were resident in Vilnius, with court officials in Cracow. Although Isabella was young, inexperienced, and for the time she didn’t have enough competence to govern a country, behind her were her father, the Jagiellon dynasty’s respect in Europe, and Poland’s political weight. Other legitimation flowed from the circumstance that she was the dowager of King John and the crowned queen of Hungary (Regina Hungariae legitime coronata); the mother of John II Sigismund, the King Elect of Hungary. Despite her wishes, in 1549 Isabella was compelled to renounce her part of the realm in favour of Ferdinand and to travel to the court of her brother King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland.
Contributions to the Diplomatic Activity of the Hungarian Kingdom Between 1452 and 1453
Contributions to the Diplomatic Activity of the Hungarian Kingdom Between 1452 and 1453. In: Verbum 16. (2015/1-2) 27-42.
The one and a half decade between the death of Vladislaus I (1444) and Matthias Hunyadi’s ascension to the throne (1458) is one of the most troubled periods in the history of Hungary. The north-western part of the kingdom was controlled by the Bohemian Brethren under the leadership of Jan Jiskra, Frederick III invaded significant amount of lands in Sopron, Vas and Moson counties, and the Ottoman attacks became permanent in the south. Although the kingdom had a legitimately crowned ruler in Ladislaus V, the infant king, living under the guardianship of Frederick III, could not exercise his power. The barons of the country, mainly the homo novus, the governor and voivode of Transylvania, János Hunyadi and the relative of the king, Ulrik Cillei obtained the control over the internal and foreign affairs. Recently, some yet unknown documents surfaced in the State Archives of Milan. Through investigating these letters written between 1452 and 1453, we can refine our historical knowledge of these years, and, in particular, of the diplomatic relations between the Hungarian Kingdom and the towns in Northern Italy.
Beyond the Ottoman Empire : 14th-16th century Hungarian diplomacy in the East
Universitas Szegediensis de Attila József Nominata eBooks, 1978
rancsics and the Georgians. A plan to liberate Hungary-with Russian, Mingrelian and Circassian help. The Mingrelian monarch Dadiani and Verancsics Í6Ö NOTES 172 CHAPTER FOURTEEN Verancsics, Zay and Busbeoq in Asia Minor. The representative of the Fuggersand his archeologioal interest. An eoounter with Hungarian prisoners. The Anoyra inscription: the greatest aroheologioal discovery of the 16th century NOTES CHAPTER FIFTEEN Who found Emperor Augustus's testament? On Jdnos Belsey, the secretary of the embassy, who deciphered and copied the stone table, and was granted nobility for his scholarly achievements NOTES CHAPTER SIXTEEN-The envoys of Ferdinand I in Persia and Georgia. Georgians and Circassians in Istvdn Bdthori's plans against the Turks. T.he efforts of Cumuleo, the Papal nuncio, to create an alliance involving Transylvania, Persia, Georgia, the Circassians and the Tatars ..... NOTES CHAPTER SEVENTEEN The antecedents of the anti-Ottoman alliance between Prince Zsigmond Bdthori of Transylvania, and King Simon I of Georgia. Talks in Madrid, King Simon's letter on the alliance. Sew Georgian and Persian missions to Emperor Rudolf. The failure of the alliance between Zsigmond Bdthori and the Khan of the Crimean Tatars NOTES CHAPTER EIGHTEEN Istvdn Kakas, a Hungarian diplomat at the end of the 16th century. His visit to Queen Elizabeth of England. Changing masters: from the service of the Bdthoris to the service of Emperor Rudolf. His journey to Per-• sia, his death in Lahidjan. His work is finished by hie secretary. His encounter with King Alexander II of Georgia NOTES. .
Rethinking Europe: War and Peace in the Early Modern German Lands. Vol. 48 of Chloe. Editors: Gerhild Scholz Williams, Sigrun Haude, Christian Schneider. Brill. Leiden–Boston. p. 194–214., 2019
From 1670-1672 the Habsburg court repeatedly panicked about the possibility of war erupting over Hungary, the fulcrum of power between the Habsburg and Ottoman Empires. Military campaigns by Grand Vizier Ahmed Köprülü in 1663-1664 had left Hungarian border defenses in shambles, placed Ottoman garrisons within striking distance of Vienna, and inspired Hungarians to revolt. While Köprülü proclaimed peaceful intentions towards Vienna, spy reports revealed he was meeting with Hungarian rebels to coordinate an invasion of Hungary. But this invasion did not occur because Köprülü attacked Poland instead. Tensions mounted along the volatile Habsburg-Ottoman frontier and in 1683 led to war between the two empires.
Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini and the Hungarian Succession
Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis, 2022
"Ego quidem tunc utile putarem regno vestro negligi Ladislaum, si sine ipso et concordes esse possetis et ab hostibus regnum tueri. Quod si hec absint, quid vobis esse utile queat? Examinemus ista." 1
Ready to Secede to the Ottoman Empire: Habsburg Hungary after the Vasvár Peace Treaty (1664-1674)
Hungarian Cultural Studies, 2012
In the period following the 1664 Vásvár Peace Treaty, which ended four years of warfare between the Ottoman and Habsburg Empires, large segments of the Hungarian noble elite seriously considered switching their allegiance from Vienna to Istanbul. This essay explores some of the reasons for this dramatic but little studied chapter in Hungarian history. At the center of the analysis are the secret instructions to an emissary who was to negotiate with Grand Vezir Ahmed Köpülü the conditions for Royal Hungary’s secession to the Ottomans. This article examines the historical circumstances under which these instructions originated and argues that the initiative came primarily from Hungarian Protestant nobles who sought the sultan’s protection to guarantee the survival of their religion which had come under threat by a brutal Habsburg-sponsored Counter-Reformation campaign. The evidence presented here sheds light on the emergence of close personal relations between Hungarian Protestant nob...
Hungarian Cultural Studies
The attempt of the Hungarian political elite to form an alliance with the Ottomans after the disastrous Vasvár Treaty (1664) remains one of the least researched topics of Hungarian and Habsburg history. This paper examines the little known attempt of Prince Mihály Apafi, the Ottoman appointed ruler of Transylvania, to intercede on behalf of the Hungarian nobility with Grand Vezir Ahmed Köprülü (1661-1676), the de facto ruler of the Ottoman Empire. The carefully crafted instructions issued to Apafi’s secret emissary, the Turkish-speaking Dávid Rozsnyai, and Rozsnyai’s detailed report about his encounters with Köprülü and top ranking Ottoman powerbrokers, provide unprecedented insights into the nature of Hungarian contacts with the Porta and reveal the deeply engrained conviction of many Hungarian nobles—both Catholics and Protestants—that becoming the sultan’s vassals was the only way to guarantee the survival of an independent Hungarian Kingdom.