Kg) As Adjuvants To 0.25% Bupivacaine In Caudal Analgesia In Pediatric Patients Undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgeries -A Prospective Randomized Comparative Study (original) (raw)

Background: Caudal analgesia is good, reliable and easy method to provide intra operative and postoperative analgesia in the lower abdominal surgeries in pediatric patients. Many additives were used in combination with local anaesthetics in caudal block to increase the quality of anaesthesia, to prolong the post-operative analgesia, to reduce the dose of local anaesthetics and to reduce side effects. Aim of the study: This study is aimed to study and compare the effects of 1mcgs/kg Dexmedetomidine and 0.1mg/kg Dexamethasone as adjuncts to 0.25%Bupivacaine on intra operative haemodynamics, prolongation of duration of postoperative analgesia, complications if any, in paediatric patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries. Material & Methods: This study was done in 100 patients of both the sexes, aged between 1-5 years, with ASA Status I, II posted for lower abdominal surgeries under general anaesthesia. Group I: 0.25% Bupivacaine in a dose of 0.5ml/kg with Dexamethasone 0.1mg/kg caudally. Group 2: 0.25% Bupivacaine in a dose of 0.5ml/kg with Dexmedetomidine 1mcg/kg caudally. Parameters assessed were-Heart rate and Mean arterial pressure at base line, after induction, after caudal block, every 5min for first 15min and every 15min for 3hr from start of operation in operative room, Modified objective pain score (MOPS) at 30min, 1hr, 2hr, 3hr, 6hr, 12hr. Ramsay Sedation score at the time of pain, any side effects. Results: Intra operative haemodynamics were comparable in both the groups, there was a marginal increase in the duration of post-operative analgesia and there was a sedation which is arousable in Dexmedetomidine group when compared to Dexamethasone group, no side effects were noted in both the groups.