Surnames ostache of Foreign Origin in a Language20200107 733 1ulm1ah (original) (raw)
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2015
Many names were changed spontaneously in language contact situations according to the name stock of the dominant community in Hungary in the old centuries. In the 19th century, nationalism gave rise to a new linguistic ideology aiming at uniting the 'nation'. Surnames became also ethnic symbols, thus the concepts of the assimilation of linguistic/ ethnic minorities and the changing of surnames of foreign origin joined together. The paper gives an account of the linguistic and onomastic factors of this phenomenon, and the historical, social, ideological background of the process. It focuses on the assimilation of minorities and its consequences concerning their personal names in Hungary, a lot in common with similar processes of other countries, in the 19 th and 20 th century. A nevek megváltoztatása mint a különbségek eltörlése: A személynév mint etnikai szimbólum, a családnév-változtatások jellemzői és a családnevek magyarosítása Magyarországon. Promena imena kao brisanje različitosti: Rođeno ime kao etnički simbol, karakteristike promena porodičnih imena i mađarenje porodičnih imena u Mađarskoj.
The Typology of Changes in the History of Hungarian Surnames
2016
The paper aims to provide a comprehensive typology of surname changes, analysed in the case of the Hungarian surname system. The typology presented here is partly language specific and characterises the given historic, social and cultural circumstances, but partly conveys more general lessons to be learned about the nature of surname change. The paper also identifies the most typical tendencies in the diachrony of the Hungarian surname stock. Some characteristics (e.g. archaic orthography, dialectal variation, morphological markedness) are treated here, affected by various linguistic and extralinguistic factors.
Language contact effects in historical Hungarian and Romanian personal names
In the multilingual Carpathian Basin the language systems influence name-giving, resulting in the emergence of interferential properties in name usage. These characteristics are found where languages come into contact, such as on language borders. The main aim of this paper is to provide an examination of name contact phenomena emerging from Hungarian and Romanian connections. My source is the Atlas of Historical Surnames of Hungary (AHSH 1715 and 1720). One of the great advantages of this reference book is that the organic “unity” of personal names in the Carpathian Basin can be represented on maps in relation to how name systems of different languages affected each other. This study discusses how an important source of data—the earliest tax censuses—can be used to trace certain phenomena that arose due to how names were recorded.
2017
In the age of romanticism and nationalism, personal names played a special, symbolic role. This paper presents how the new, national given names could be created, expanding the traditional given-name stock of ecclesiastic origin. The historical and onomastic background, the various sources and methods, and the consequences of this process are presented, in the case of the Hungarian given-name stock of the 18th–19th centuries, which had much in common with other nations and languages as well.
Surnames of Ethnonymic Origin in the Hungarian Language
2013
Surnames originating from ethnonyms form a characteristic part of the Hungarian surname stock, in comparison to other European nations. They make up at most 0.5% of the surname stock, yet their proportion is 7-8%. Among the 10 most frequent surnames, 3 are of this type: Tóth (= Slav, Slovak), Horvát (= Croat), Német (= German). In this paper an analysis is presented of this surname category: the background and motivations for their creation, their history, and the characteristics of their geographical distribution.
Surname changes in Hungary: researches and their onomastic conclusions
2008
The paper investigates the differences between the surname stock that arose naturally in the community and the surname stock that was created artificially later via a legal procedure of surname changes. They are quite different in a number of respects: When were these surnames born? Who gives the name and to whom? Why is that name born? On what bases is the surname chosen? From what material (set of linguistic elements) and in what way is the surname formed? The most typical new surname types (semantics and morphology) are also presented here by examples and comments.
The Role of Historical Studies in Hungarian Family Name Research
The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how the different branches of the historical studies can be used in the research of historical family names. One of the most important but strongly disputed questions of Hungarian historical personal name studies is from which century we can talk about family names in Hungary. This uncertainty has various reasons; for instance, it is very difficult to prove that it was hereditary (which is one of the basic criteria for naming an element a family name). In carrying out this work, genealogy and the history of estates can be helpful. The paper presents the three types of distinguishing elements which are regarded as the origin from which family names had developed (patr onym, placename and byname) with so me examples from 14th-century documents. I also intend to demonstrate how we can certify their hereditary char acter with the means of historical researches. Furthermore, I am to present some cases wher e a special Hungarian di stinguishing element de genere [‘from the kindred of’] appears in the name structure. Finally, my paper touches upon the question how one can explain with the help of historical research of the Hu ngarian society in the Angevi n Age that this element did not have a role in the development of family names.
Dynamics of the modern Hungarian given name system
2021
This paper introduces the Hungarian given name stock from the last decades of the 20th century to today. It also briefly deals with its history and the legal factors that have influenced the development of the semi-closed (i.e., restrictively expandable) contemporary Hungarian given name set. The paper separates the questions of the name stock and name set and focuses on the methods for the development of the name set and its structural changes. The investigation is based on a model which combines the aspects of the linguistic origin of names, the method through which the name in question entered the name set, and the sources of new names. The various categories are introduced and exemplified. The paper finally presents some of the typical developments in the top hundred names (of newborns and the entire population) based on 21st-century national population registry statistics.
Translating Family Names in Hungarian: A Diachronic Survey
Hungarian Cultural Studies, 2014
In our paper we focus on the translating practice and translatability of surnames used in Hungarian, from the problems of translating the immediate predecessors of surnames to the questions of translating surnames today. Our main interest is in how multilingualism, language contact situations, language prestige considerations, customs, fashion and other potential factors affect the use of these names in different languages, and the translatability in a wider sense in the actual practice in Hungary and other countries. We shall look at name translation practice in medieval documents, the relevant questions of spontaneous and conscious surname changes, the changes of Hungarian surnames used outside of Hungary, and finally the questions of translating surnames occurring in fiction.