Novel magnetic microwires-embedded composites for structural health monitoring applications (original) (raw)
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Solid State Communications, 2011
Composites consisting of glass-coated amorphous microwire Co 68.59 Fe 4.84 Si 12.41 B 14.16 and 913 E-glass prepregs were designed and fabricated. The influences of tensile stress, annealing and number of composite layers on the giant magneto-impedance (GMI) and giant stress-impedance (GSI) effects in these composites were investigated systematically. It was found that the application of tensile stress along the microwire axis or an increase in the number of composite layers reduced the GMI effect and increased the circular anisotropy field, while the annealing treatment had a reverse effect. The value of matrix-wire interfacial stress calculated via the GMI profiles coincided with the value of the applied effective tensile stress to yield similar GMI profiles. Enhancement of the GSI effect was achieved in the composites relative to their single microwire inclusion. These findings are important for the development of functional microwire-based composites for magnetic-and stress-sensing applications. They also open up a new route for probing the interfacial stress in fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites.
Stress tunable properties of ferromagnetic microwires and their multifunctional composites
Journal of Applied Physics, 2011
We report the results of a systematic study on stress tunable absorption of glass-coated amorphous Co 68.7 Fe 4 Ni 1 B 13 Si 11 Mo 2.3 microwires and their composites. The magnetic microwires possess good stress-impedance properties and yield a stress dependence of absorption at gigahertz frequencies. The stress compensates the reverse effect of magnetic field on absorption. There exist strong stress dependences of the effective permittivity and transmission parameters. Composite failure due to the wire damage results in a dramatic change of the sign and magnitude of effective permittivity. The double peak is identified in the stress dependence of field tunability, in contrast to the single peak for the magnetic field tunability. All these results indicate that the present composites are very promising for detecting the ambient stress levels and interrogating the structural integrity.
Journal of Applied Physics, 2010
We report the results of a systematic study of the magnetic, mechanical, magnetoimpedance and field tunable properties of glass-coated amorphous Co 68.7 Fe 4 Ni 1 B 13 Si 11 Mo 2.3 microwires and composites containing these microwires. The magnetic microwires possess good magnetic and mechanical properties. The magnetoimpedance ratio in the gigahertz range varies sensitively with applied fields below the anisotropy field but becomes unchanged for higher applied fields. The good mechanical properties are retained in the magnetic microwires-embedded composites. The strong field dependences of the effective permittivity and transmission parameters in the gigahertz range indicate that the present composites are very promising candidate materials for structural health monitoring and self-sensing applications.
Smart Composites With Short Ferromagnetic Microwires for Microwave Applications
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2011
Smart composites with short-cut Co 68 7 Fe 4 Ni 1 B 13 Si 11 Mo 2 3 microwires were prepared and studied in terms of their microwave tunable properties. It is shown that the frequency dependence of effective permittivity relaxes with the application of magnetic field till around the anisotropy field of the microwire due to the increase of internal losses. There exists a significant field tunable effect in the transmission and reflection spectra, featured as a resonance-relaxation transformation; a step-like shift of reflection phase was also observed with increasing applied magnetic field, which can be exploited especially for the sensing applications such as field/stress monitoring.
Effect of applied stresses on magnetic properties of Co and Fe-rich glass-coated microwires
AIP Advances, 2023
In this article we evaluate the possibility of using glass coated magnetic microwires as an alternative to optical fiber devices in structural health monitoring in the railway industry. The effect of applied stress on hysteresis loops of Fe 71.80 B 13.27 Si 11.02 Nb 2.99 Ni 0.92 and Co 65.34 Si 12.00 B 10.20 Cr 8.48 Fe 3.90 Mo 0.08 microwires has been studied and analyzed. An interpolation function has been obtained relating the coercitivity Hc with the applied stress.
Microwave properties of composites with glass coated amorphous magnetic microwires
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2006
In this paper, The electromagnetic parameters and microwave absorbing properties of polymer composites filled with glass-coated amorphous microwire Co 52 Cr 22 Ni 10 W 7,5 Fe 1,5 and Fe 59 Cr 21,5 Ni 7 Si 1 Mn 10 were investigated. The Maxwell Garnett theory does predict the effective permittivity of the structures investigated over the entire range of volume fractions of the two composites. The results show that the microwire spacing for the both composites have low influence on the complex permeability, while they exhibit significant effect on the real part of permittivity. With the increase of microwire spacing, the minimum reflection loss decreases firstly and then increases, and shifts towards lower frequency region. The microwave absorbing properties of composites filled with glass-coated amorphous microwire are better and the frequency range of microwave absorption is controllable by adjusting the nature of inclusions molecular. All these results indicate the proposed composite are excellent candidate materials for the microwave sensing and structural interrogation applications.
Effects of wire properties on the field-tunable behaviour of continuous-microwire composites
Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2012
The microwire composites consisting of continuous Co-rich amorphous glass-coated ferromagnetic microwires embedded in a E-glass prepreg matrix were fabricated, and the influences of wire periodicity (b), composition and radius on the field-tunable properties have been systematically investigated in a broad microwave frequency range of 0.9-18 GHz. It has been found that the field tunability, effective operational frequency and field of the composites are strongly dependent on these factors. With decreasing b from 15 to 7 mm, the field tunability of effective permittivity (n ε ) increases from 0.77% to 16% m/A by more than 20 times. The detected cups and resonances of the transmission and reflection spectra are identified. Their changes with wire periodicity have been shown to be due to a combination of the dielectric and magnetic response arising from the interactions between microwave and microwires and microwires by themselves. The best possible field tunability occurs below the plasma frequency. The effective magnetic field for realisation of the field-tunable properties has been found to be about 500 A/m, which is associated with the anisotropy field. In addition, field tunability is found to be positively correlated with the magnetic softness and GMI properties of the wire fillers, which are determined by the wire composition and geometry. These findings are of practical importance in developing multifunctional microwire composites for a broad range of engineering applications, such as structural health monitoring, NDT and microwave tunable devices. interests span a wide range of experimental and theoretical topics in magnetism and magnetic materials such as giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) materials and giant magnetocaloric (GMC) materials.
Mechanical–electromagnetic coupling of microwire polymer composites at microwave frequencies
Applied Physics Letters, 2010
We have fabricated a set of microwire composites with varying wire concentrations and studied their effective complex permittivity under the tensile stress at a frequency range of 1-6 GHz. It has been found that with increasing wire concentration the composite presents increasing effective permittivity and strain sensitivity. The Gaussian molecular network model shows a complex strain dependence of sensitivity due to the composite architecture influenced by the wire concentrations. All these results indicate the proposed composite are excellent candidate materials for the microwave sensing and structural interrogation applications.