International Journal of Applied Dental Antibiotics, overuse and prevention (original) (raw)
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Consensus document on the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in dental surgery and procedures
Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal, 2006
The goal of antibiotic prophylaxis in Odontology is to prevent the onset of infections through the entranceway provided by the therapeutic action, therefore it is indicated providing there is a considerable risk of infection, either because of the characteristics of the operation itself or the patient s local or general condition. Nonetheless, clinical trials with antibiotics in dental pathologies have had scant regard for the required methodological criteria and, in addition, are not sufficiently numerous. This text presents the results of an expert conference comprising the Presidents of the most representative Scientific Societies in Spain who have analyzed the existing literature and have drawn on their valuable professional experience. It describes the technical circumstances, analyzes the biological and pharmacological foundations and their application to the most representative medical situations. It is concluded that antibiotic prophylaxis in Odontology has certain well-foun...
Antibiotic prophylaxis in oral and maxillofacial surgery: use or abuse -A retrospective study
innovative publication, 2017
Aim: This study evaluated the role of antibiotic prophylaxis in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Patients and Methods: A total of 111 patients included in the study. Out of which 76 patients were included in Group-I-Prophylactic antibiotic group and remaining 35 patients were included in Group-II-Non-antibiotic group. Group-I patients had been given injection crystalline penicillin 20,00,000 units half an hour before surgery. Of these 111 patients, 81 patients underwent surgery under general anesthesia and remaining 30 patients underwent surgery under local anesthesia. Results: Fourteen patients from Group-I suffered post-surgical infection leading to an infection rate of 18.4% and in Group-II, 6 patients had post-surgical infection leading to an infection rate of 17.14%. Conclusion: The findings in this study suggest that antibiotic prophylaxis may not alter the incidence of post-surgical infection in oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures.
Antibiotics, overuse and prevention
International Journal of Applied Dental Sciences, 2020
Anti-microbial prophylaxis in oral and maxillofacial surgery procedure rules out the anticipation of the contamination of the careful injury, either because of the qualities of the medical procedure or the general condition of the patient. This hazard increments with the sullying of the careful activity zone, making it important to suggest a prophylactic treatment of the disease in clean-polluted and tainted medical procedures and treatment of the contamination in filthy surgeries. Moreover, a legitimate careful strategy decreases the advancement of the postsurgical contamination. The elective anti-infection therapy ranges from penicillin-derivates with beta lactamase inhibitors (amoxycillin-clavulanate, ampicillin-sulbactam) to second or third era cephalosporins, quinolones or clindamycin. The sign for the utilization of these anti-infection agents relies upon the kind of medical procedure in oral and maxillofacial medical procedure, as per the level of tainting. Thus in oral surgery and surgery of the salivary glands the literature demonstrates that there is not a better prognosis when using prophylactic antibiotherapy instead of not using it in healthy patients. In traumatology this prophylaxis is justified in compound fractures and those communicating with paranasal sinuses. In orthognathic surgery there is disagreement according to the criteria of using antibiotic prophylaxis, but short term treatment is preferred in case of using it. In oncological surgery it has been demonstrated the reduce in incidence of postsurgical infection using prophylactic preoperative antibiotherapy, mostly in those cases in which oral mucosa and cervical area contact.
Antibiotic Therapies in Maxillofacial Surgery in the Context of Prophylaxis
BioMed Research International, 2015
Objectives. There is no single pattern for preventive action as to the duration and type of antibiotic therapy in maxillofacial surgery. In these circumstances, it appears reasonable to set relevant standards for prophylactic procedures after such surgeries.Methods. Retrospective analysis of bacteriological tests has been carried out as well as a susceptibility evaluation of cultured bacterial and fungal strains to antibiotics over a five-year period in subjects treated at the Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Clinic in Katowice. A total of 726 bacterial and fungal strains were cultured in 484 patients (200 women and 284 males). The age of the patients was 40.2 on average.Results. The most frequent bacteria isolated from the patients were Gram-positive 541 (74.5%). Gram-negative bacteria were present in 177 (24.4%) cases. Fungi of theCandidagenus were isolated in eight cases (1.1%).Conclusions. The most often isolated bacteria wereStreptococcus mitisandStreptococcus oralis, whose number has gro...
Update in Antibiotics Prophylaxis in Oral Surgery: A Systematic Review
International Journal of Pharma Research and Health Sciences
Antibiotic prophylaxis plays a key role in preventing inflammatory processes of odontogenic and systemic infections. However, it has become a controversial topic since from 2006 it was shown that between 10 and 12% of prescribed antibiotics were for dental use [1] and not all dental procedures have the same risk of bacterial infection, since it is conditioned by the type of wound and the pathology of the patient [2]. Nowadays, the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in dentistry has been strongly debated. Within the field of dentistry, a greater number of discrepancies have
Single Dose Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Outpatient Oral Surgery Comparative Study
Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN: 1683 - 3597 , E-ISSN : 2521 - 3512), 2017
It is clear that correct application of antibiotic prophylaxis can reduce the incidence of infection resulting from the bacterial inoculation in a variety of clinical situations; it cannot prevent all infections any more than it can eliminate all established infections. Optimum antibiotic prophylaxis depends on: rational selection of the drug(s), adequate concentrations of the drug in the tissues that are at risk, and attention to timing of administration. Moreover, the risk of infection in some situations does not outweigh the risks which attend the administration of even the safest antibiotic drug. The aim of this study was to compare between 2 prophylactic protocols in out patients undergoing oral surgical procedures. Thirty patients, selected from the attendants of oral surgery clinic in Al-Karamah Dental Center, were subjected to different oral surgical procedures under local anesthesia. These patients were given sin...
International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2019
The aim of this prospective study was to determine the antibiotic bioavailability of a prophylactic protocol in patients undergoing third molar surgery. Samples from 25 patients were analysed (average age 21 AE 3.89 years, range 18-33 years; 14 female). The patients received single-dose prophylaxis of 2 g amoxicillin orally 1 hour prior to third molar surgery. Venous blood (1.5 ml) and blood from the third molar socket (1.50 ml) were obtained. The amoxicillin plasma concentration was determined in both samples by high performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector (HPLC/DAD). Their associations with demographic variables (age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), sex) and antibiotic exposure time were analyzed using linear regression models. The mean amoxicillin plasma level detected in the venous blood was 1.21 AE 1.17 mg/ml (range 0.49-6.34 mg/ml) and in the third molar socket was 4.14 AE 2.24 mg/ml (range 0.86-7.46 mg/ml) (P < 0.001). No relationship was observed between the bioavailability of the drug and the patient biometric indices evaluated. The prophylactic administration of 2 g amoxicillin in third molar surgery showed greater bioavailability in the molar socket than the concentrations established as necessary to inhibit the growth of microorganisms that cause oral infections. The results show the need to review the current infection control protocols in oral surgery in light of the overestimated doses observed.