The Hordaland Women's Cohort: A prospective cohort study of incontinence, other urinary tract symptoms and related health issues in middle-aged women (original) (raw)
Related papers
International Urogynecology Journal, 2010
Introduction and hypothesis The aim of study is to prospectively investigate the prevalence, incidence, and remission of urinary incontinence (UI) in a cohort of middle-aged women. Methods In 1997–1999, 2,229 randomly selected women aged 41–45 agreed to participate in the Hordaland Women’s Cohort, and six almost identical postal questionnaires were sent them during the following 10 years. Response rate was 95.7% at inclusion and has remained 87% to 93% in subsequent waves; 64.1% answered all six questionnaires. UI variables include type, amount, frequency, and severity. Results Prevalence of UI increased by age until a peak in age group 51–52 years for any (50.3%) and significant (10.0%) UI. There was then a decrease in prevalence caused by a decrease in incidence and decrease in remission. Stress UI was the major type and most UI was of low severity. Conclusion Prevalence of any UI is high in middle-aged women but reaches a peak followed by a decrease.
BMC Urology, 2013
Background: To determine incidence and remission of UI as well as changes in UI prevalence in the Norwegian EPINCONT surveys. Methods: The EPINCONT surveys were conducted in the county of Nord-Trøndelag, Norway, as part of two large cross-sectional health surveys (HUNT2 and HUNT3) in 1995-1997 (EPINCONT1 (E1)), and 2006-2008 (EPINCONT2 (E2)). EPINCONT collected information about prevalence of UI, as well as information about type and severity of UI. Results: A 16% relative increase in UI prevalence was found in 11 years. The women who answered E2 were significantly older, had a higher BMI and higher prevalence of diseases such as asthma, diabetes and angina compared with the women who answered E1. The incidence of UI was 18.7%. Increase in BMI (OR 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.04), weight increase (OR 1.29 (95% CI: 1.14-1.45) for gaining 3-10 kilos and OR 1.71 (95% CI: 1.47-1.99) for gaining 10 kilos or more) and parity (OR 1.37 (95% CI: 1.04-1.79) for 1 childbirth, OR 1.28 (95% CI: 1.03-1.61) for 2 childbirths, and OR 1.56 (95% CI: 1.26-1.95) for 3 or more childbirths when participating in E2) were all found to be associated with increased odds of incident UI in adjusted regression analyses. Increasing age reduced the odds of incident UI. The 11 year remission of UI was 34.1%. Increasing age (OR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.98-0.99), increasing BMI (OR 0.96, 95% CI: 0.95-0.98) and large weight gains of 10 kilos or more (OR 0.69, 95% CI: 0.54-0.88) were all associated with reduced remission of UI. Conclusion: Crude UI prevalence increased between the studies. Changes in known risk factors for UI such as age, BMI, weight and parity could explain some of the relative increase in prevalence, and were also found to be associated with either incidence of UI, remission of UI or both.
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 1999
Objectives. To assess the prevalence of urinary incontinence and its influence on the quality of life. Material and methods. A random sample of every fourth woman aged Ø20 years resident in a primary health care district of the city of Gö teborg was obtained from the population register (nΩ2911). The women were invited by letter to complete a questionnaire concerning urinary incontinence. The women were also requested to assess their quality of life using a visual analogue scale. Results. The overall response rate was 77%. The prevalence of urinary incontinence increased (p∞0.001) in a linear fashion from 3% in the cohort 20-29 years to 32 % in the cohort of women aged Ø80 years. The proportion of women suffering from stress incontinence decreased (p∞0.001) with increasing age, while the proportion of women suffering from urge and mixed incontinence increased (p∞0.01) with increasing age. Women with stress incontinence had a greater body weight and had given birth to a greater number of children compared to continent women. There was, however, in this respect no difference between women with urge incontinence and continent women. Women with urinary incontinence reported a poorer quality of life compared to continent women (p∞0.01). Women with urge incontinence and women with mixed incontinence reported a poorer quality of life compared to women with stress incontinence (p∞0.05). Only 6% of the women from this population had sought medical attention for urinary incontinence. Conclusions. Although urinary incontinence was a prevalent condition, particularly among the elderly and had a negative influence on the quality of life, only a small number of women had sought medical care.
European Urology, 2016
Background: Estimates of the prevalence of female urinary incontinence (UI) vary widely. Objective: To estimate UI prevalence among women in France using data from five national surveys and analyse prevalence differences among the surveys according to their design (representative sample or not, survey focused on UI or not) and UI definition (based on symptoms or disease perception). Design, setting, and participants: Data came from two representative telephone surveys, Fecond (5017 women aged 15-49 yr) and Barometer (3089 women aged 40-85 yr), general and urinary postal surveys of the GAZEL cohort (3098 women aged 54-69 yr), and the webbased NutriNet survey (85 037 women aged 18-87 yr). Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Definitions of UI based on the International Conference on Incontinence Questionnaire UI short form (ICIQ-UI-SF) and on a list of health problems were considered. We compared age-adjusted prevalence rates among studies via logistic regression and generalised linear models. Results and limitations: Overall, 13% of the women in Fecond, 24% in Barometer, 15% in the GAZEL general survey, 39% in the GAZEL urinary survey, and 1.5% in the NutriNet survey reported any UI. Prevalence rates in representative samples with the same UI definition (ICIQ-UI-SF) were concordant. UI prevalence in the representative samples was 17%. The estimated number of women in France with UI was 5.35 million (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.34-5.36 million) for any UI and 1.54 million (95% CI 1.53-1.55 million) for daily UI. For the GAZEL sample, UI prevalence was lower but UI severity was greater for responses to a questionnaire with the list-based UI definition rather than to a questionnaire with the ICIQ-UI-SF-based definition. In all surveys, information about UI was self-reported and was not validated by objective measurements. Conclusions: UI definitions and sampling strategies influence estimates of UI prevalence among women. Precise estimates of UI prevalence should be based on non-UI-focused surveys among representative samples and using a validated standardised symptom-based questionnaire. Patient summary: We looked at estimates of urinary incontinence (UI) prevalence in studies with different designs and different UI definitions in a large population of French women. We found that estimates varied with the definition and the design. We conclude that the most precise estimates of UI prevalence are obtained in studies of representative populations that are not focused on UI and use a validated international standard questionnaire with sufficient details to allow grading of UI severity. Most women reported rare urine leakages involving small amounts of urine with little impact on their quality of life.
A community-based epidemiological survey of female urinary incontinence
Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 2000
Objectives: The aim was to assess the prevalence of any urinary leakage in an unselected female population in Norway, and to estimate the prevalence of significant incontinence. Methods: The EPINCONT Study is part of a large survey (HUNT 2) performed in a county in Norway during 1995-97. Everyone aged 20 years or more was invited. 27,936 (80%) of 34,755 community-dwelling women answered a questionnaire. A validated severity index was used to assess severity. Results: Twenty-five percent of the participating women had urinary leakage. Nearly 7% had significant incontinence, defined as moderate or severe incontinence that was experienced as bothersome. The prevalence of incontinence increased with increasing age. Half of the incontinence was of stress type, 11% had urge and 36% mixed incontinence. Conclusions: Urinary leakage is highly prevalent. Seven percent have significant incontinence and should be regarded as potential patients.
The prevalence of urinary incontinence in a randomized population of 5247 adult finnish women
International Urogynecology Journal, 1992
A randomized study of the prevalence of urinary incontinence was performed among adult Finnish females. In 1986, 5247 women (aged 25-55 years) who participated voluntarily in a gynecological health study, anonymously completed a questionnaire concerning subjective symptoms and experiences with urinary incontinence. One-fifth of the studied population (20.1%) reported that they were handicapped by incontinence. The number of incontinent women increased significantly with increasing age up to 45 years. Stress urinary incontinence alone was reported by 73% of the women experiencing incontinence. Surprisingly, only one-third of the women stated that they needed treatment, and less than one-fifth of all had sought help for this disorder.
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2000
We sought to determine the incidence and remission rates of urinary incontinence in a population-based sample of women. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 382 (87.6%) of 436 eligible women aged 20 to 59 years answered a questionnaire and underwent a gynecologic examination at baseline and were followed up approximately 5 years later. RESULTS: Urinary incontinence was present in 23.6% of women at baseline and in 27.5% at follow-up. The mean annual incidence rate of incontinence was 2.9%, and the mean annual incidence rate of incontinence weekly or more often was 0.5%. Women that were receiving estrogen at baseline were more likely than other women to have incontinence during follow-up. The mean annual remission rate among the 90 women who were incontinent at baseline was 5.9%. The annual net increase of incontinence in the study population was 0.82%. CONCLUSION: Female urinary incontinence seems to be a dynamic condition with a relatively high rate of spontaneous remission, a fact of which physicians should be aware when assessing and planning prevention and treatment strategies. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;183:568-74.)
Maturitas, 2005
Objective: To describe the characteristics of women seeking treatment for symptoms of urinary incontinence (UI) in European countries. Design: Prospective urinary incontinence research (PURE) was a 6-month, observational, pan-European study, primarily aimed at determining the direct costs of urinary incontinence treatment. The secondary objectives of PURE were to describe the impact of UI on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in treatment seeking patients and to illustrate the treatment patterns for UI in Europe. Setting: One thousand and Fifty-five physicians from 14 European countries, including general practitioners (GPs), gynaecologists, urologists and geriatricians, observed women seeking treatment for their UI and recorded data at the first observation and then prospectively at 3 and 6 months after the first observation during the normal course of therapy. Subjects: Women of at least 18 years of age who had experienced urinary leakage in the 12 months prior to enrolment in the study, who were seeking treatment or under treatment for UI and who presented within the normal course of UI care were included in the 6 months study. The first observation characteristics of the patients are described here. Methods: Demographic characteristics, as well as disease and treatment status at first observation were explored using descriptive summary statistics to gain an understanding of the population studied. S14