Crude oil polluted soil remediation using poultry dung (chicken manure) (original) (raw)
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Remediation by poultry manure (RPM) is a farming treatment technology, which relies on biological processes to cleanup pollution in soil. In this study, remediation by poultry manure was employed on oil contaminated site in Otuogidi town at Bayelsa State of Nigeria. 200g of the polluted soil samples were distributed in four sterile containers labeled A, B, C, and D. 100g, 200g, 300g and 0g of manure were added to the soil samples respectively. Then the total heterotrophic bacteria and fungi, hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria and fungi, total petroleum hydrocarbon, moisture content, sulphate content, nitrate content, phosphate content, soil pH and temperature were determined. The total heterotrophic bacteria counts ranged from 5.00 X 102 to 3.91 X 105cfug-1 and fungi ranged from 2.40 X 102 to 2.00 X 103cfug-1. The hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria counts ranged from 3.20 X 102 to 3.02 X 104cfug-1 and fungi which ranged from 5.00 X 101 to 3.60 X 102cfug-1. In the crude oil contaminated samples, the values of total petroleum hydrocarbon, pH and temperature were greatly influenced by high rate of microbial activities including high humidity which has a great impact in any given sample. This made the microbial and physicochemical properties of the soil samples to vary with the different concentrations of nutrient supplement and at different periods of remediation. Therefore, poultry manure is an effective method of remediating crude oil polluted soil.
Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science
The removal of hydrocarbon compounds from the environment has always been a difficult undertaking for people all over the world. As a result, remedial efforts are required to safeguard the environment as well as to restore agriculture. This study looked at how poultry manure (dung) could help in the bioremediation of Veritas University's intentionally crude oil polluted soil. The physical properties of the soil and total petroleum hydrocarbon content of the crude oil polluted soil were determined, followed by the isolation and identification of microorganisms present in the soil and poultry manure before and after pollution with crude oil. These analyses were done according to standard operating procedures. Within a six-month timeframe, the natural attenuation and poultry manure amendment option for remediating the crude oil-polluted soil were monitored and the residual hydrocarbon content of the polluted soil after remediation evaluated. There was an overall decrease in pH leve...
The continuous and indiscriminate discharge of crude and/or refined oils during the various processing and transportation of oils leads to the contamination of the environment. This study was aimed at determining the bacterial diversity of contaminated soils around tank farm areas and the changes that occur in the oil hydrocarbon components during the process of biodegradation by the selected bacterial species. Contaminated soil samples were collected around different tank farm areas based on their petroleum contents at the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) depot, Apata, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The total heterotrophic bacterial count ranged from 1.04 × 10 7 to 2.73 × 10 7 cfu/ml in the various contaminated soil samples. The hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria count ranged from 1.9 × 10 3 to 7.3 × 10 3 cfu/ml in the contaminated soil samples. Among the 28 bacterial isolates capable of utilizing crude oil vapour, two isolates thrived on the highest crude oil concentration employed during screening and were used singly and in a mixed culture for the biodegradation of the contaminated soil samples. The two hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria isolates were characterized and identified as Pseudomonas species (AG13) and Bacillus species (PM4). The percentage degradation of the aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil samples after 8 weeks was highest in the Pseudomonas species (AG13) treated sample with 71.51% and 63.30% respectively and this was followed closely by the mixture of both bacteria isolates with 67.14% and 50.69% respectively and Bacillus species (PM4) having the lowest with 31.92% and 19.03% respectively. Therefore, hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria species can be employed in the removal of oil pollutants from the soil, but a careful selection is required to ensure effectiveness.
Bioremediation of Crude Oil Polluted Soil Using Animal Waste
2015
Crude oil contaminated soil from Isaka mangrove in Okirika local government area of Rivers state was treated with three different organic wastes (goat manure, poultry droppings and cow dung), for a period of 28 days. The four treatment samples were tilled twice a week and watered with 50 ml of distilled water weekly. There was a general increase in microbial count for all the treatments with the amended samples having a higher microbial count. The total heterotrophic bacterial count for the A, B, C and D treatment options increased from 2.85x105-1.95x106cfu/g, 3.02x105-3.09x106cfu/g, 2.75x105-2.69x106cfu/g and 2.88x105-2.51x106cfu/g respectively. The hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial count for the A, B, C, and D treatment options increased from 2.51x105-1.74x106cfu/g, 2.85x105-2.95x106cfu/g, 2.63x105-2.51x106cfu/g and 2.51x105-2.29x106cfu/g respectively. There was a progressive increase in total heterotrophic fungal count, with B treatment option showing the highest increase at 3.02x1...
Environmental Assessment of Petrophilic Bacteria Associated to Bioremediation and Biodegradation of Engine Oil Contaminated Soil in Maiduguri , 2021
Soil contamination by petroleum hydrocarbons is a major problem resulting from activities related to petroleum industry, automobile service stations and accidental release of oil in the soil. Bioremediation/biodegradation can be considered as an effective aid to clean up oil spills, aside from conventional methods that are uneconomical and produce residues that harm the surrounding biota. There are an estimated over 250 mechanic shops with more than 5000 technicians in Maiduguri. Mechanics working therein frequently spill oil which is a potent source of immunotoxicants and carcinogenic to humans and animals. The aim of this study was to screen for petrophilic bacterial isolates from engine oil contaminated soil, that can utilize crude oil as sole source of carbon for growth in Maiduguri Metropolis. Ten isolates from engine oil contaminated soils in Bola and Tashan Kano areas of Borno State were obtained. The bacteria were individually cultured in Bushnell Haas Mineral Salt Medium devoid of carbon source except for crude oil for 21 days at 37 0 C. Bacterial growth from visible increased turbidity was enumerated by CFU/g on nutrient agar. Pseudomonas sp. isolate exhibited relatively higher ability to grow on crude oil with TNTC followed by Bacillus sp., 6.7×10 4 , Arthrobacter sp.,6.5×10 4 , Flavobacterium sp.,6.2×10 4 , Pseudomonas sp., 6×10 4 , Nocardia sp.,5.9×10 4 , Acinetobacter sp., 5×10 4 , Bacillus sp., 5×10 4. Proteus sp., 4.7×10 4 and Flavobacterium sp. 4×10 4. It is therefore concluded that all the bacterial genera present in this study are effective hydrocarbon oil degraders.
Effect of Pig Manure on the Microbial Remediation of Crude Oil-Polluted Soil
2018
ARTICLE INFO Article history: Received 22 Feb. 2018 Revised 22 Mar. 2018 Accepted 12 Apr. 2018 The effect of pig manure on the microbial remediation of crude oilpolluted soil was studied using standard methods. The heterotrophic microorganisms isolated from the pristine soil, crude oil-polluted soil and pig manure were Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris, Shigella flexneri, Serratia marcescens, Flavobacterium rigense, Klebsiella aerogenes, Arthrobacter oxydans, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium expansum, Cladosporium resinae, Candida utilis and Trichoderma herbarum. All except Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus utilized crude oil as sole source of carbon and energy for growth. The pH of the pristine soil was 7.6 but dropped to 7.1 after crude oil impaction and increased further to alkaline level upon supplementation with pig manure after which it gradu...
Ahmadu bello university, Zaria, 2018
The physicochemical and microbial properties of soils contaminated with xenobiotics was studied in order to determine the effect of crude oil pollution. The physicochemical properties and heavy metal content of the polluted and unpolluted soil (control) samples was determined using standard methods. The heterotrophic bacterial count, heterotrophic fungal count, and hydrocarbon utilizing microbial count were determined as well as the abundance of the microbial population in the samples. It was found that pH increased from 4.44 to 5.70 down the soil depth in the polluted soils but decreased from 7.19 to 6.51 in the control samples. Moisture content increased generally down the soil depths but it was higher in the polluted soils than in the unpolluted soils (control). Soil particle size analysis revealed significant difference in the proportion of sand, silt, and clay between oil-polluted and unpolluted soil samples. The pollutant caused an increase in the total organic carbon on the surface of the polluted soil compared to the non-polluted soils. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the concentrations of heavy metals in the polluted and unpolluted soil. The crude oil was found to be free of lead and nickel. The hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria and fungi in the polluted soil ranged from 1.3 x10 4-3.1 x 10 5 and 1.3 x 10 3-4.5 x 10 3 cfu/g respectively. The same trend was observed in the control but generally with reduced microbial counts with bacterial and fungal counts ranging from 5.2 x 10 2-2.3 x 10 4 and 1.0 x 10 2-3.1 x 10³ cfu/g respectively. It can be concluded from this study that crude oil pollution has caused a significant difference in the physicochemical and microbiological properties of the crude oil contaminated soils when compared with the non-contaminated soils.