Experimental Progress in Electrical Properties and Dielectric Strength of Polyvinyl Chloride Thin Films Under Thermal Conditions (original) (raw)
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The effect of cost-fewer nanoparticles on the electrical properties of polyvinyl chloride
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Effects of Temperature and Nanoparticles on Dielectric Properties of PVC
2015
In this paper, the influence of the temperature, in the range 310 – 340 K, on the dielectric behaviour of plane samples of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) without and with inorganic nanofillers of SiO2, TiO2 and Al2O3, is analyzed by dielectric spectroscopy over a frequency range of 10 – 10 Hz. Differences are observed in dielectric behaviour of the tested samples, depending on the presence and the type of the tested inorganic nanofillers, as well as on the temperature at which the measurements were performed. The obtained results emphasize low frequency dispersion for both unfilled and nanoparticle filled PVC, having the characteristic frequency increasing with the temperature. The presence of TiO2 nanoparticles in PVC leads to lower loss tangent values at all tested temperatures.
IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2017
The current study is to investigate the influence of inserting chemically modified titanium oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on the dielectric and mechanical properties of the commercial compound Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) used in insulating power cables. The surface modification of TiO2 nanoparticles was performed using vinyl silane coupling agent after activating their surfaces with methane-sulfonic acid. The PVC pellets were first dissolved using suitable solvent. Then, PVC/TiO2 nanocomposites, with different loadings of nanoparticles, were synthesized with the aid of ultra-sonication for better dispersion of nanoparticles. The morphology of the prepared nanocomposites was studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and their mechanical properties were studied by performing tensile test at speed of 50 mm/min. The results showed that the insertion of functionalized nanoparticles is able to increase the tensile strength and the Young's modulus of the prepared samples, however it decreases their elongation. The dielectric properties, such as dielectric constant and dielectric loss, were also studied in a range of frequencies between 20 Hz and 1 MHz. Moreover, AC breakdown voltage of prepared samples was measured under uniform and semi-uniform field, and then, AC dielectric strength was evaluated using Finite Element Method (FEM) for semi-uniform field. For further evaluation, DC breakdown voltage was also measured under uniform field. PVC/TiO2 nanocomposites with functionalized TiO2 exhibited better dielectric properties compared to that with un-functionalized TiO2 or that of base PVC. This may be attributed to the low surface energy of the functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles that prevented the agglomeration of nanoparticles and restricted the mobility of polymeric chains.
Optical and Electrical Properties of Polyvinyl-Chloride (PVC) Films
Iraqi journal of science, 2010
In-situ technique is used to generate cadmium sulfide nanoparticles in PVA matrix. The as-prepared films are characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible absorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and photoluminescence measurements. Temperature dependence dark conductivity measurements are made on as-deposited PVA:n-CdS nanocomposites films in order to identify the conduction mechanism. The conduction in PVA:n-CdS nanocomposites films is temperature activated process having single activation energy. Steady state photo-conductivity and transient photoconductivity measurements with intensity are done in different temperature range. The measurement shows that PVA doped CdS is good candidate for photovoltaic devices.
The tendency to improve the properties of insulating materials by incorporating inorganic nanoparticles has become necessary in order to design new insulation systems. In this study, PVC/TiO 2-based nanocomposites with different loadings (3, 5 and 10 wt.%) of TiO 2 nanoparticles were prepared by the solution mixing method. The morphology of the prepared nanocomposites was studied by Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). Experimentally, it was found that as the concentration increases, the size of the surface structural elements and particle size increases. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis of samples shows improvement compared to the pristine polymer. Furthermore, PL intensity for nanocomposites increases depending on the concentration and saturation occurs at a certain amount of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The increase in luminescence intensity till a certain nanoparticle content is due to the growth of the luminescent surface area. Further saturation is explained by the increase in particle size with no increase or a slight reduction in surface area. Dielectric properties of nanocomposites were studied. It was found that dielectric permittivity of the materials increases as the nanoparticle volume content increases and it reaches at its highest value for the nanocomposites with 3% nanoparticle content. The optical properties of the polymer and nanocomposite films were studied in the region 200 nm to 600 nm. It was found that the PVC/TiO 2 nanocom-posites showed enhancement in the absorbance intensities which was more significant for the nanocomposites with higher nanoparticle content compared to the pristine polymer. Furthermore, absorption spectra were used to calculate the optical bandgap of the prepared nanocomposite films and redshift observed in the calculated values of bandgap for nanocomposites. Consequently, it was proved that by incorporating TiO 2 nanoparticles into the polymer matrix, the spectral region of the samples can be expanded resulting in broadened application of such systems in various fields of science and technology.
High Voltage, 2020
The current study aims to develop polyvinyl chloride (PVC) nanocomposites with enhanced electrical and mechanical properties by incorporating titanium oxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles within PVC chains. Different loading of nanoparticles and different nanoparticle surface states were considered. The surface states are unfunctionalised, functionalised using vinyl silane and functionalised using amino silane. The choice of a most suitable surface state was a critical factor that guarantees a good dispersion of nanoparticles and consequently enhances the compatibility between TiO 2 and PVC matrix. The process followed in the PVC/TiO 2 nanocomposites preparation, loaded with different wt.% of TiO 2 nanoparticles, was the solvent method. The dielectric properties measured here were the relative permittivity (ɛ r), dielectric loss (tanδ), breakdown strength (AC and DC under uniform field) and the internal partial discharges (PDs) within insulation cavity. All measurements have been performed under room temperature and at frequency ranged from 20 to 1.0 MHz. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the samples like elongation, elasticity modulus and tensile strength were also studied. Vinyl silane showed better improvements in both electrical and mechanical performances compared to the amino silane, especially in cases of high weight fractions of TiO 2. This is because of the improvement in the PVC-TiO 2 interfacial region arise from the similarity of polarity and surface tension values of vinyl silane with that of PVC matrix and TiO 2 nanoparticles.
2015
Chloropenta amine Cobalt (III) Cloride [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 was prepared then characterized XRD. The obtained results indicated the formation of Orthorhombic [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2nano particles of ≈ 28.75 nm size .Polymeric films based on polyvinyl alcohol PVA doped with Chloropenta amine Cobalt (III) Cloride [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 at different weight percent ratios were prepared using the solvent cast technique. The structural properties of these polymeric films are examined by SEM. The complexation of the additive with the polymer was confirmed by SEM studies. The A.C electrical properties have been measured by LCR meter with frequencies range (100- 5*10 6 ) Hz. It was observed that, the dielectric behaviors of polymer matrix strongly depend on frequency and additive content. The dielectric behaviors such as: dielectric constant (ἐ) and dielectric loss (ἔ) increases with increase in [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 nano particle concentration, but decreases with increase in frequency. AC conductivity (σac) of PVA/[...
Structure and Electrical Study of New Chemically Modified Poly(vinyl chloride)
International Journal of Polymer Science, 2015
The aim of this work was to study the structural and electrical properties of a new polymer obtained by functionalization of a commercial poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) (Mw = 48000) by grafting aminoalkyl and aminoaryl groups. Modified poly(vinyl chloride) was prepared in two steps. The structural properties of the polymer were systematically investigated by varieties of techniques as differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), thermogravimetry analysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The electrical properties of the polymer were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
EFFECT OF NANOSILVER PARTICLES ON THERMAL AND DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF (PVA-PVP) FILMS
IASET, 2013
In this work, study of the effect of nanosilver particles on A.C electrical and thermal properties of polymer matrix consisting of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl- pyrrolidone. The samples of (PVA-PVP-Ag) nanocomposites were prepared by using casting method. The weight percentages of nanosilver are (0, 5,10, 15 and 20) wt.%. The experimental results show that the dielectric and thermal properties of (PVA-PVP) are changed with increase of the nanosilver concentrations.