Land value capture in land tenure regularization projects (original) (raw)
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Compulsory acquisition of land and compensation LAND TENURE STUDIES
FAO's Land Tenure Studies are concise presentations on the often complicated and controversial subject of land tenure, especially as it relates to food security, poverty alleviation and rural development. These studies do not seek to be exhaustive but instead reflect what FAO and its many international collaborators have discovered are "good practices" for a particular aspect of land tenure and its administration. The studies cover various aspects of improving access to land and other natural resources and increasing tenure security. They address the role of land tenure in rural development, gender and access to land, improved access to land through leasing arrangements, rural property taxation systems, land consolidation, land access and administration after violent conflicts, good governance in land tenure and administration, and compulsory acquisition of land and compensation.
State-vs. community-led land tenure regularization in Tanzania
2007
This document describes work undertaken as part of a programme of study at the International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC). All views and opinions expressed therein however remain the sole responsibility of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of the Institute.
download with the link above Land tenure is a social construct, based on the relationships people establish in order to gain access to land and natural resources. As such, it has major economic, social and political implications. Land policies play a key role in development strategies because they define land rights and their management, and the rules governing land allocation. The debate about policy options raises numerous questions: Should the development of land markets be encouraged? How should local land rights be dealt with? Can economic growth be combined with equitable access to land and environmental protection? Developing countries need forms of land governance that take account of their diverse social, political and institutional situations in order to enable them to deal with the unprecedented challenges now facing them. Mechanisms for securing land tenure that recognise the wide range of rights and sources of legitimacy can provide the basis for equitable and sustainable economic development. Promoting such mechanisms often involves redefining the role of the public authorities in order to regulate competition between different actors over access to land. International development agencies need to support the land policies being debated at the national level by actors from the public and private sectors and civil society . This should be done in accordance with the Paris declaration, and bearing in mind the history of each country, thereby helping to promote democratic land governance. This is the message from the development practitioners that have been working on land tenure in association with the Land tenure and development committee, and their proposed strategy for the French Cooperation.
Towards a Land Titling Framework for Improving Rural Livelihoods
FIG Working Week, 2020
The continuum of rights model developed by UN-Habitat describes different forms of relationships that humankind has with land. These rights range from the informal to formal continuum. It is the less formal rights that are of major concern especially in the developing world as they are in most cases neither officially registered nor documented in customary areas. This brings forth various land administration problems to include difficulty in managing natural disasters and land resources. The absence of land registration in customary tenure areas has resulted in research in land titling as a method to move informal tenure arrangements to the formal domains based on the assumption that land titling improves land tenure security. Whether or not land titling is working has varied opinions in academic literature. The aim of this study is to determine factors influencing the misalignment between land titling, land tenure security and the improvement of the quality of life of communities. The second aim is to design a land titling framework that addresses these misalignments. This study reviews literature on land titling with land tenure security as the unit of analysis. We critically analyse the relationship between land titling and land tenure security including the extent of this relationship based on a systematic literature review. Based on issues in land titling for customary areas presented in academic literature, a framework for land titling is proposed based on the systems approach methodology. The framework addresses sustainable development goals 1 and 2 as it focuses on improving rural livelihoods through tenure security and community empowerment. Land tenure reform is a public infrastructure and should not be implemented in isolation of other developmental activities. The land titling policy framework needs to be aligned with the development goals of national and spatial development frameworks to ensure sustainability.
Land regularization scheme not only marks a contemporary evolution in land planning and management but also reflects fundamental changes in the land laws in Tanzania. For the first time since her independence in 1961, the disadvantaged land holders in the informal sector have been considered and their property rights respected and given legal recognition. While land regularization on one hand ensures legal recognition of land acquired irregularly, promote security of land tenure and expected to reduce the level of poverty to individual land holders and nation at large, on the other hand it is employed as a methodological approach to illustrate the end of land monopoly to individuals who are in position to obtain land through legal channels as opposed to majority of disadvantaged population who are unable to obtain land through legal channels. This article focuses on the introduction of land regularization scheme in land laws in Tanzania, its implementation and expected results at the local level and beyond. The article also narrates the importance of land regularization scheme in relation to individual property rights as provided and guaranteed by The Constitution of United Republic of Tanzania and poverty reduction in line with the Millennium Development Goals. It also illustrates how Tanzanian government had made individual efforts to ensure the smooth implementation and success of land regularization scheme to promote individual property right, and poverty reduction adhering to the Millennium Development Goal7 target 11.
SUMMARY Land surveyors are more used to deal with wealth than with poverty. In a world, which is rapidly urbanising with urban poor representing about 50% in developing countries, new models of establishing tenure security are called for. The paper presents a diversified approach to land registration based on some key topics: - From illegality to formal tenure; - From government to governance; - Urban segregation and urban upgrading; - Management of public land and public space; - Definition of administrative and community boundaries; - Local land administration and basic information at community level. While the paper argues for more differentiated approaches to land tenure regularisation, some common denominators of actions underpinning poverty alleviation strategies, are also discussed, e.g,: - Decentralisation and deregulation; - Safegarding and upgrading public space; - Settlement of administrative and community boundaries; - Registering and managing public land and common land...
2019
Land and natural resource tenure security is a central yet often neglected area for economic development and poverty reduction in the developing world. Land is fundamental to the lives of poor rural people. It is a source of food, shelter, income and social identity. Secure access to land reduces vulnerability to hunger and poverty. There are some 1.3 billion extremely poor people in the world, struggling to survive on less than US$1.25 a day, and close to a billion continue to suffer from chronic under-nourishment. About 70 per cent of these people live in the rural areas of developing countries. In most rural societies, the poorest people often have weak or unprotected tenure rights. This condition undermines them from using their land resource effectively. They also risk losing land they depend on to more powerful groups including private investors. Women and youth are particularly vulnerable because their land rights may be obtained through kinship relationships with men or fami...
Town and Regional Planning, 2019
Land is a topic of increasing importance in cities in developing countries. In Algeria, the issue of land is also complex and delicate. Furthermore, problems related to land are more acute when it concerns informal (or illegal) settlements. Since 1945, a ruralurban migration movement in Souk Ahras has resulted in the emergence of informal settlements that had developed on the agricultural land situated on the outskirts of the colonial urban centre. In general, under a formal pattern of urban development, access to land titles precedes the act of building and occupation. In the case of informal settlements, the acquisition of landownership ultimately occurs, after the occupation of land, through regularisation procedures. This article focuses on the experience of land tenure regularisation carried out in two informal settlements, namely Lalaouia and Mesguiche, in the city of Souk Ahras, Algeria. The article seeks to identify elements that have contributed to the greater or lesser success of land regularisation. The main finding of this research is that the regularisation of land tenure in Lalaouia and Mesguiche reflects the general tendency of the Algerian government toward informal settlements that is based essentially on the recognition of these informal settlements. Thus, a land tenure regularisation strategy is implemented. It consists of a combination of physical upgrading programmes that have been ongoing since the mid-1970s, on the one hand, and land-titling measures supported by a set of legal texts to handle the issue of informal tenure, on the other. It is found that the regularisation of the informal settlements relies on an accurate land-information system. The approach adopted within the selected informal settlements can be assessed as positive, since it enabled a relative tenure security, the stability of residents, and the improvement of life standards. Nevertheless, these technical and legal tools are applied separately, instead of a unified approach of regularisation. Besides the fact that the regularisation process is often tedious and time consuming, the article also highlights the main challenges and obstacles that impede the regularisation process: historical complexity of land status, and lack of human, technical and financial resources. These issues are exacerbated by social conflicts that are often associated with heritage.