Economic Equitability & Rural Advancement under the Surveillance of MGNREGA (original) (raw)
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India is a vast country with all geographical definitions within it. Its cultural heritage, flora,fauna, unbound natural resources and unity in diversity provide a special attraction in South Asian Region. People from different parts of India, their socio-economic, socio-cultural way of life enriched India’s cultural heritage. According to administrative set up West Bengal is one of the most important and mentioned State of Eastern India, where Sundarban a Deltaic Region was declared World Heritage Site, providing India a unique position in the South Asian Region and Global Heritage Panorama. West Bengal as a State of India has its own identification. Himalayan region in the northern side to Bay of Bengal on the southern region east and west are covered by riverine base. The only State of India adorned with a Coast Line in the southern side while the north sees the great Himalayan range. The deltaic region Sundarban is famous of its own, declared as a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO. The Government of India introduced Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act in the year of 2005 which assures 100 days guaranteed employment in a financial year to an adult willing to do unskilled manual work, for enhancement and betterment of livelihood, providing economic security among rural people and fostering social equity. District wise registration of the Households, providing job cards to them is an exceptional step taken by the Government. Quantifying employment seekers and providing employment to the registered households during the financial year of 2015-16 and 2016-17 till September 2016. Furnished herein is the performance and integrity aspect of the said Act which fulfils the objectivity of the same. Person days guaranteed schemes and its achievement district wise under MGNREGA program, ushering better future, establishment of unskilled labours in rural areas enhancing development for the rural people, is marked as rural development. he present sequel, considered on district wise achievements of MGNREGA program during the financial year 2015-16, 2016-17 till September 2016 proves its uniqueness in nature and activity, ensuring rural development along with a new Indian panorama. KEY WORDS: - Achievement, Employment, Financial, Guarantee, Performance, Rural.
The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), the Indian Government Scheme which entitles rural households to 100 days of casual employment on public works at the statutory minimum wage, contains special provisions to ensure full participation of women. In this paper, the status of women participation and their performance in MGNREGA in India, particularly in the state of West Bengal, has been discussed. The paper aims at equality of women in the provisions like priority of women participation in one third ratio of the total workers and ensuring equal wage rate in MGNREGA. The purpose of this paper is also to study, how women have empowered themselves with an innovative MGNREGA Program, particularly the women from socially and economically marginalized groups which ultimately leads to sustainable development of society as a whole. Even though globalization has changed every sphere of life, still issues like gender disparities, risk, vulnerability and challenges faced by women are prevalent in society. The active participation of women through woman empowerment will improve the GDP of the country and establish a new and developed economy.
Journal of Landscape System & Ecological Studies (vol.34, no.2)
This study has evaluated the differentiating impact of MGNREGA on the extent of fulfilment of the basic entitlements such as days of employment, wages and earnings and the extent of coverage of social groups like dalits, adivasis and women and poverty alleviation. This study has disaggregated state level data to discern the factors that make a difference to the performance. Also some micro level scenarios are presented based on the reports of focus group discussions (FGDs) in the villages of Andhra Pradesh. There is growing evidence of an increase in agricultural wages across the country over the period between 2006-07 and2011-12, in which the impact of MGNREGA is considerable. This review has also revealed a steep increase in female agriculture wage and a substantive decline in the male-female wage gap. The search for information on the impact of MGNREGA on agricultural labor markets leads to some evidence on labor shortage, changes in wages, mechanization, peak season adjustment of work or adoption of MGNREGA calendar and migration. The absolute decline in labor force has tightened the rural labor market leading to shortage of labor for farm operations. Thus labor scarcity has emerged as one of the major constraints to increase agricultural production in India. Furthermore, the tightened labor market has offered, better bargaining power to agricultural laborers, better treatment at the place of work, ability to negotiate the duration of the working day and has initiated a growing shift towards piece rate or contract work on agriculture facilitating change in the number of working days. Based on macro level results and micro level evidence some policy interventions are suggested-such as development of labor saving technologies and machines to mitigate labor scarcity, an inclusive farm mechanization program especially for women and youth, strengthening ruralurban connectivity, social protection for migrant labor and Capacity building programs for skill augmentation. Further, a revision of the time frame of MGNREGA work to create more employment in the lean season has been recommended.
Natural resources like Land, Water and Forest are source for the livelihood of poors in rural areas. Land is a source for all economic and development activities, about 167 million hectares of land (nearly 51 per cent of the total) in India is classified as degraded land, which needs appropriate management. Most of the agricultural land in the districts of Hyderabad Karnataka region has became unproductive due to the various reasons. Unfertile agricultural land became burden to the formers of marginalized communities. Most of the Dalit and Tribal families let their land (barren) unproductive, instead of taking a risk to cultivate it. After implementation of MGNREG Act majority of marginal farmers coming forward to cultivate their land with the help of MGNREG Act. The main focus of this article is to examine the impact of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act on rural development and land utilization in backward areas and the present study also tries to assess the working of MGNREG Act in two taluks namely Devadurga
2018
The present study conducted in kodagu district Karnataka state, has assess the Impact of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act in Kodagu District”. The impact of MGNREGA on the livelihood, of rural poor through infrastructural development mainly comprised of marginal farmers and agricultural labourers. The study is based on secondary data source, It has been found that significant changes have taken place in the socio-economic variables like annual per capita income, monthly per capita food expenditure, per capita savings. Access to healthcare facility and possession of other assets, for those households which are regularly working under MGNREGA. The study has observed that although being a source of employment, MGNREGA has been able to infrastructural development through its works. According to the value of the socio-economic index prepared, it has been found that in the initial year of implementation (2007-08) of MGNREGA in the study area, 43.9 per cent beneficiar...
The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) evoked wide interest as it was set to reduce rural poverty and provide much needed social security in rural areas. As recently as in 2009–10, India was home to 355 million people living in poverty out of whom 278 million or 78 percent were in rural areas. The argument to develop and implement strategies to reduce poverty by increasing productive employment opportunities in rural areas is compelling. This review article on the impact of MGNREGA on agriculture and rural labor markets is largely based on the official sources of data and other studies made on different aspects of the scheme. It is divided into five sections. This brief introduction is followed by the second section, which describes the salient features of the scheme. The third section provides a brief overview of implementation of MGNREGS in terms of employment, gender, and social inclusion some aspects of “decent work,” wages earned, and poverty reduction. The fourth section draws the available evidence on the impact of MGNREGA on rural labor markets with village level data. The last section brings together certain observations that are relevant for further research and policy measures.
Addaiyan Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, 2019
Poverty is a world-wide and multi-dimensional phenomenon and it exists both in developed and underdeveloped economy. In Rio-Declaration, the commission has given prominence on bio-diversity, climate change, forest management and conservation along with a priority to the poorest sections of the community. The central government of India, under UPA Government, enacted a National Employment Guarantee Act. This would provide a legal guarantee for at least 100 days of employment to begin with an asset-creating public works programmes every year at minimum wages to at least one able bodied person in a family. The act was notified on 7th September, 2005. The significance of the programmes makes the government legally acceptable for providing employment to those who ask for it. It was considered as growth engine for sustainable development of an agricultural economy through the process of providing employment on works that address causes of chronic poverty such as drought, deforestation and...
Impact of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) on Rural Labour Markets
2014
This study has evaluated the differentiating impact of MGNREGA on the extent of fulfilment of the basic entitlements such as days of employment, wages and earnings and the extent of coverage of social groups like dalits, adivasis and women and poverty alleviation. This study has disaggregated state level data to discern the factors that make a difference to the performance. Also some micro level scenarios are presented based on the reports of focus group discussions (FGDs) in the villages of Andhra Pradesh. There is growing evidence of an increase in agricultural wages across the country over the period between 2006-07 and2011-12, in which the impact of MGNREGA is considerable. This review has also revealed a steep increase in female agriculture wage and a substantive decline in the male-female wage gap. The search for information on the impact of MGNREGA on agricultural labor markets leads to some evidence on labor shortage, changes in wages, mechanization, peak season adjustment of work or adoption of MGNREGA calendar and migration. The absolute decline in labor force has tightened the rural labor market leading to shortage of labor for farm operations. Thus labor scarcity has emerged as one of the major constraints to increase agricultural production in India. Furthermore, the tightened labor market has offered, better bargaining power to agricultural laborers, better treatment at the place of work, ability to negotiate the duration of the working day and has initiated a growing shift towards piece rate or contract work on agriculture facilitating change in the number of working days. Based on macro level results and micro level evidence some policy interventions are suggested-such as development of labor saving technologies and machines to mitigate labor scarcity, an inclusive farm mechanization program especially for women and youth, strengthening ruralurban connectivity, social protection for migrant labor and Capacity building programs for skill augmentation. Further, a revision of the time frame of MGNREGA work to create more employment in the lean season has been recommended.