Rooms: 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 ,15 and 17. The Middle Bronze Age Remains in Area 1. The Middle Bronze Age Monumental Building (original) (raw)
2019, Tell el-Burak 1: The Middle Bronze Age: With Chapters Related to the Site and to the Mamluk-Ottoman Period, eds. Kamlah, Jens; Sader, Helene
AI-generated Abstract
This research examines the archaeological remains of several rooms from the Middle Bronze Age located in Area 1, specifically focusing on Room 7 and its relationship with adjacent rooms and structural features. Detailed descriptions of the walls, construction methods, and stratigraphy provide insights into the building's use and history. The findings illustrate the complexity of the monumental building and highlight its importance in understanding the Middle Bronze Age architecture.
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A Hellenistic Farmhouse at the Entrance to the Town of El'ad
Journal of Hellenistic Pottery & Material Culture (HJP) 4: 44-58, 2019
The northern rooms of a large structure located on a low hill rising to the height of one hundred meters above the sea level to the northeast of the entrance to the town of El'ad were seriously damaged during construction of the new patrol road around the northern residential quarter of the town in 2001 1. The structure (41 x 28 m) was surveyed and identified as a fortress during the survey project ›Map of Rosh ha-Ain‹ 2 (fig. 1). It seems that the researchers came to this conclusion after finding massive northwest and northeast corners of a structure built of large fieldstones (up to 1.4 m long), which survived to the height of more than one meter. A rectangular concrete maintenance box (9.0 x 11.0 m) erected in the southeast corner and dense thickets of cacti did not allow us to examine the southern part of the ancient structure and the excavations took place only in its northern part (figs. 2-3). The long outer wall 73, which bordered the structure from the north, and about ten rooms arranged in several rows along the north-south axis were partially or completely excavated. Outer and inner walls of the structure, approximately of the same width (0.85-0.90 m) were built of one row of large roughly hewn stones (1.0 x 0.80 x 0.60 m), which were arranged mainly across the walls. Rows of massive stones alternate with thin fills of small flat stones (fig. 4). Sections of walls W58 and W74 were found covered with thick layer of white plaster. Mostly, the structure walls were erected on bedrock that was leveled, covered with a thick layer of white or gray plaster and served as a floor in some rooms (Loci 36. 42) (fig. 5). In other rooms the floors were made of tightly packed earth (Loci 15, 34), just leveled bedrock (L35) or paved with stones (L53) (fig. 6).
IntroductIon the history of earth architecture describes a long diffusion of constructive traditions. Since IX millennium A.d. 1 up to nowadays earth is used as building material all over the world. the reasons arise mainly from the availability of raw material, the low costs and the feasibility of the constructions. these issues allowed the earth architecture to reach autonomous typologies in relation to places, to materials, to constraints and to physical favours of the territories. It is the evidence from the long maturation of the knowledge and the know-how, of elaborated cultures resulting from what the archaeologist olivier Aurenche 2 named "a long fraternity with the material earth".
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