INTRODUCTION TO NANOTECHNOLOGY (original) (raw)

An Empirical Exploration of the Nanotechnology

International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), ISSN 2320-5407, 2020

The growth in population and progression of internet services, human dreams, and imagination often give rise to new science and technology. Nanotechnology, a 21st-century frontier, was born out of such dreams. Nanotechnology is defined as the understanding and control of matter at dimensions between 0.1 to 100 nanometers where unique phenomena enable novel applications. Nanotechnology is a new emerging branch of technology, which bears high expectations of its potential to change the world fundamentally. Nanotechnology has helped us innovate at the super microscopic nanoscale to produce previously unavailable materials which are highly flexible, conductive, and durable. These tiny nano-instruments or particles allow us to achieve incredible advances in science, industry and every area of our daily lives. Nanotechnology is a broad term that can be used across all the other scientific fields, such as chemistry, biology, physics, materials science, and engineering. In its most basic form, it can be described as working with things that are small. In this paper, aimed to demonstrate a close-up view about nanotechnology and discusses the implications of it that could impact the human life in the near future. In the end, we are in a nutshell discussing about the different aspects of the nanotechnologies, such as ancient Nanotechnology, Nanotechnology process, and the significance of Nanotechnology, followed by an introduction of several state-of-the arts present and future areas of Nanotechnology application and Nanotechnology influence our lives.

Nanotechnology: A Journey towards Finding Solutions

Journal of Materials Science Research, 2015

Nanotechnology is the understanding and control of matter at the diemnsions ranging between 1-100 nm. One nanometer is one billionth of a meter. Nanotechnology involves manipulation of atoms, imaging, measuring and modelling at nano scale. Its potentials were first highlighted by Richard Feynman in the American Physical Scociety meeting in 1959. Though, he did not coin the world nanotechnology himself but he explored the possiblities of functional materials at the bottom of the scale. In last two decades this technology has been commercialized to great extent and gaining importance day by day influencing the economies of different countries and henceforth enforcing the policy makers to address the issues like environment, health and safety. Governments are regularisaing and monitoring its research, uses, applications and technology transfer which includes intelluctaul property rights. This paper addresses the dimensions and trends of nanotechnology covering economic aspects. The paper is focussed on the changes in the functional properties of nanomaterials as physical, chemical, optical, electronic, electrical, magnetic etc. in comparision to those of the bulk of material. It has been discussed how the basic and advance research in nanoscience could be explotiedfor making technologies for its commercial and industrial applications for the benefit and safety of the soceity. Thin film magnetism is demonstrated using Monte Carlo simulation method. Experimental synthesis of some of the nanorods and qunatum dots are also discussed.

Future of nanotechnology: An overview

Life is getting interesting because of the invention of new technologies every day. With the growing world it becomes necessary to boost up the level of technology and carry out extensive scientific investigations and also ensure the large-scale application of new advanced technologies. Nanotechnology is one of the advanced technologies nowadays which represents that the 21 st century would be the century of nanotechnology. Entire world of Science & Technology focusing their research on reducing the size of particles and compacting the size of material. Nanotechnology is the promising method for manipulation of individual atom & molecules. It is defined as the study and use of structures between 1 nanometer and 100 nanometers in size. To give an idea of how small that is, it would take eight hundred 100 nanometer particles side by side to match the width of a human hair. The objective of this paper is to introduce nanotechnology as a powerful tool of science & technology in future.

A Review of new and emerging applications, issues and future aspects of Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology is a new approach that refers to understanding and mastering the properties of matter at the nano-scale: one nano-meter (one billionth of meter) is the length of a small molecule. At this level, matter exhibits different and often amazing properties and the borders between established scientific and technical disciplines fade. Hence the strong interdisciplinary character that is associated with nanotechnology.

State of Art of Nanotechnology

2012

The emerging fields of nanoscience and nanoengineering are leading to unprecedented understanding and control over the fundamental building blocks of all physical matter. This is likely to change the way almost everythingfrom vaccines to computers to automobile tires to objects not yet imagined-is designed and made. Use it as a prefix for any unit like a second or a meter and it means a billionth of that unit. A nanosecond is one billionth of a second. And a nanometer is one billionth of a meter-about the length of a few atoms lined up shoulder to shoulder. A world of things is built up from the tiny scale of nanometers. The thousands of cellular proteins and enzymes that constitute eg., The human bodies are a few nanometers thick. Enzymes typically are constructions of thousands of atoms in precise molecular structures that span some tens of nanometers. That kind of natural nanotechnology is about ten times smaller than some of the smallest synthetic nanotechnology that has been prepared until now. The individual components of an Intel Pentium III microprocessor span about 200 nanometers. This is the reason that computing is so powerful and easy these days. Nanotechnology makes microelectronics to be mere hints of what will come from engineering that begins on the even smaller scales of nanostructures. Nanostructure science and technology is a broad and interdisciplinary area of research and development activity that has been growing explosively worldwide in the past few years. It has the potential for revolutionizing the ways in which materials and products are created and the range and nature of functionalities that can be accessed. It is already having a significant commercial impact, which will assuredly increase in the future. In this paper, we have reviewed briefly some nano materials related works already published or available in the internet with organized manner.

Recent Advances in Nanotechnology

2012

Nanotechnology is gaining importance rapidly as a most powerful technology. Its immense potential promises the possibility of significant changes in near term future, once the most essential machines - called the Universal Assembler and the Nanocomputer are built. The present paper aims to reviews the previous work done and recent advancements in the field of nanotechnology. Today the products made using nanomaterials having general as well as special applications like treating cancer, phosgene detection, energy harvesting for self powered nanosystems, chip fabrication, batteries, aerospace materials etc. The research in the area of carbon nanotubes, nano-polymers, nano-vectors, nanocomposites, nano-crystals, nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanoclays, nanotubes, nanofilters, nanohorn, nanowires, nanosprings, nanorods etc. have been reported. Various risks involved in using nanotechnology are also discussed because it is believed that the most disruptive future changes may occur as a resu...

Current Research of Nanotechnology in Science and Engineering Volume I

Nanotechnology is one of the most promising technologies of the twenty-first century. Nanotechnology is described as the design, development, and implementation of materials and technologies on the nanoscale with the smallest functional components (1 to 100 nm). Nanotechnology covers a wide range of issues, from standard device physics and chemistry extensions to entirely new techniques based on molecular self-assembly, from developing new Nano size materials to investigating whether we can directly alter matter at the atomic scale level. Nanotechnology can be used in a variety of fields, including medical, agriculture, and environmental protection. Many diseases for which there are presently no treatments may be treated in the future as a result of nanotechnology. The use of nanotechnology in medical therapy needs a careful examination of its risks and potential side effects. Even scientists who oppose the use of nanotechnology agree that advancement in the field should continue since it offers enormous benefits, but more testing is needed to ensure its safety in people. Nano medicine may play a key role in the treatment of human and plant disorders, as well as the enhancement of normal human and plant physiology and systems, in the future. Nanoscience and nanotechnology are the study and application of extremely small objects, with applications in chemistry, biology, physics, materials science, and engineering, among other fields. Nanotechnology is being used in a range of energyrelated applications, including increasing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of solar panels, producing new types of batteries, boosting fuel production efficiency through better catalysis, and building better lighting systems. Nano science and nanotechnology applications in engineering connect academic research in Nano science and nanotechnology to industry and everyday life. As a result, a diverse range of nanomaterials, nano devices, and nano systems have been developed and deployed for human benefit in a number of technical applications. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in Engineering is based on the authors' numerous lectures and courses given all over the world. Nanotechnology has also helped to design more efficient and long-lasting materials, such as self-cleaning and self-repairing concrete and windows. Coatings based on nanotechnology can help with fire protection, corrosion resistance, insulation, and a range of other applications. All scientists, academicians, researchers, and students working in the fields of chemistry, biology, physics, materials science, and engineering, among other fields, will find this book quite valuable. This book with valuable book chapters from eminent scientists, academicians, and researchers will surely be a part of utmost information for the coming new research taken by the researchers in the field of chemistry, biology, physics, materials science, and engineering, among other subjects. ABOUT THE BOOK As scientists endeavour to comprehend the mechanisms of natural and biomolecular computing, Nano scale science and computing is becoming a key research subject. The architecture and design of molecular self-assembly, nanostructures, and molecular devices, as well as understanding and harnessing the computational processes of biomolecules in nature, are all topics in this discipline. This book provides a unique and authoritative view of contemporary Nano scale science, engineering, and computing research. The book is appropriate for academic and industrial scientists and engineers working in Nano scale science, particularly those interested in molecular level computing. Nano science and nanotechnology are the study and application of extremely small objects, and they can be applied in chemistry, biology, physics, materials science, and engineering, among other subjects. Nanotechnology is being employed in a variety of energy-related applications, including improving the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of solar panels, developing new types of batteries, improving the efficiency of fuel production through better catalysis, and developing better lighting systems. Engineering's application of Nano science and nanotechnology connects academic research in Nano science and nanotechnology to industry and everyday life. As a result, a wide range of nanomaterial's, Nano devices, and Nano systems for a variety of technical applications have been produced and deployed for human benefit. Nano science and Nanotechnology in Engineering is based on the many lectures and courses presented around the world by its authors. Nanotechnology has also aided in the development of more efficient and long-lasting materials, such as self-cleaning and self-repairing concrete and windows. Nanotechnology-based coatings assist in increasing fire resistance, corrosion resistance, insulation, and a variety of other uses. This book is very useful to all scientists, academicians, researchers and students in the field of chemistry, biology, physics, materials science, and engineering, among other subjects. This book with valuable book chapters from eminent scientists, academicians, and researchers will surely be a part of utmost information for the coming new research taken by the researchers in the field of chemistry, biology, physics, materials science, and engineering, among other subjects.

EDITORIAL: Trends in Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology, 2004

With effect from August 2004 the journal Nanotechnology will discontinue the `Letters to the Editor' section. The increase in publication speed achieved for all articles now means that letters have no advantage. Fully electronic publication processes including electronic submission, refereeing and proofing, ensure that all papers are processed with minimum delay and are published as soon as they are ready. The journal will continue to publish high-quality original research papers, reviews and tutorials, as well as papers on the ethical and societal implications of nanotechnology at the discretion of the Editorial Board. All submitted papers will undergo a pre-selection procedure for suitability by the Editors of the journal. If a paper is accepted for consideration by the journal it will be sent to independent experts in the field for peer review. To speed up the publication process, we encourage authors to suggest five independent experts in their field as potential referees and supply their title, name, affiliation and e-mail address. The Editors of the journal may use these names at their discretion. Authors may also request that certain people are not to be used as referees. Papers of special interest will be given the utmost priority and on acceptance will be publicized further through worldwide press releases and reviews on the Institute of Physics website and on nanotechweb.org. As a service to authors and to the international physics community, and as part of our commitment to give authors' work as much visibility as possible, all papers are freely available online for 30 days from their electronic publication date. This means open access for citations to everyone in the world. We will also send an electronic offprint of your published paper to ten colleagues of your choice, giving your article an increased chance of being cited quickly. In the meantime, we are pleased to announce an increase in the Impact Factor of the journal in 2003 to 2.304, which means that Nanotechnology is now ranked as one of the top 10 journals in the world in the Applied Physics category. We would like to take this opportunity to thank all our authors and referees for their contribution to the journal ensuring its growing quality and impact, and we welcome new papers in all areas of theory and experiment of nanoscale science and technology. For guidelines on how to submit your paper please visit the journal's home page www.iop.org/journals/nano.