Relations between maliks and qadis in the Mamluk Egypt in 1261-1299 (original) (raw)
Related papers
KARAMAN IN THE MAMLUK SULTANATE’S POLICY (13TH–15TH CENTURIES)
КАРАМАН В ПОЛИТИКЕ СУЛТАНАТА МАМЛЮКОВ (XIV–XV ВВ.), 2019
Karaman, an emirate in Asia Minor, existed for more than two hundred years (in the 13th–15th centuries). Its history was connected with the political and economic interests of one of the largest Muslim states in the late Middle Ages – the Mamluk Sultanate (1250–1517). Karaman had important trade routes, especially one through Konya. Along with the strengthening of Ottomans, Karaman became a “buffer" territory dividing territories of Mamluks and Ottomans. Maintaining the balance of power between Karamanids and Ottomans played a vital role in Mamluk foreign policy. It was important for the Mamluks, on the one hand, to avoid the occupation of Karaman and its final absorption, and on the other – to keep the Karamanids from directly contradicting the political course chosen in Cairo. After gaining Karaman, the Ottomans gained control over trade routes and approached closely to the Mamluk Sultanate borders. The Ottomans completed the final submission of Karaman during the second half of the 15th century. After that, the tensions between Mamluks and Ottomans escalated and turned into open hostility and rivalry. The first Ottoman-Mamluk war (1485–1491) begun. Then, in the early 16th century, the Ottoman sultan Selim I (1512–1520) defeated the Mamluk armies in the battle of Marj Dabiq (northern Syria) and annexed the territories of the Mamluk Sultante to his Empire. The article is based on primary Arabic sources, including some letters (found in an unpublished Leiden manuscript) of Mamluk Sultan Barquq (1382–1389; 1390–1399) to the ruler of Karaman ‘Ala al-Din (1381–1398).
The Romance of Qays and Lubnā in Medieval Arabic Folklore
Problemy istoricheskoy poetiki [The Problems of Historical Poetics], 2020
Medieval Arabic literature is rich in love stories about Bedouin poets who lived in pre-Islamic and Islamic times. By the end of the 9 century AD, these tales have formed an independent genre that followed certain aesthetic principles and norms. One of these stories — the romance of Qays ibn Ḏarīh ̣ and his beloved Lubnā — is unique, for it has a number of unusual features, including two versions of an ending — tragic and happy. This article attempts to trace the process of the story formation to clarify the reason for the existence of two ending versions and discuss its other peculiarities. The study has revealed that the romance of Qays and Lubnā has a pre-Islamic prototype — the tale of ‘Abdallāh Ibn al-‘Ağlān and Hind. Traces of this version survived in the romance of Qays and Lubnā, which is rooted in the oral tradition: it combines the elements of the old primitive unhappy lovers canon (a marriage, then a divorce under family pressure, separation, suffering and death) and the new model — the ‘Uḏrī love story that appeared after the rise of Islam as a reaction to new aesthetic values that cultivated chaste love. As the political disagreements emerged in Islam and the role of Šī‘a Islam increased, a number of new details and a happy end were added to the story (very likely in 8 century AD), reflecting the philosophical contradictions between Sunnī and Šī‘a Islam. These points have determined the uniqueness of the story about Qays ibn Ḏarīḥ and Lubnā among other ‘Uḏrī love stories.
"Albania Caucasica", Сборник статей, Выпуск I, 2015
А. А. Акопян. К хронологии завершения этноконсолидации удинов и лезгин (Период ослабления Арабского халифата) // "Albania Caucasica", Сборник статей, Выпуск I, Предисловие, подготовка А.К. Аликберов, М.С. Гаджиев, Москва, Институт востоковедения РАН, 2015 [270 с.], с. 129-147
Kashin princes in 60-80s of the XIV century
Samara Journal of Science
In the following paper the author researches the significance of Kashin as an important centre of the Tver Principality during the reign of Grand prince Vasily Mikhailovich and the confrontation between Moscow and Tver, Kashin unstable position of the princes, caused by the struggle of parties among the local ruling elite, caught between the two centers of power. As a result, the part of the elite continued to focus on Tver, while the other gave preference to Moscow. The latter position prevailed, which led to the refusal of the Prince of Kashin from the treaty with Mikhail and his involvement in the campaign against Tver in 1375. Special attention is paid to the growth of local separatism, the fate of the Kashin Principality under the treaty of 1375, securing its secession from the supreme power of Tver, as well as the short period of its formal independence and the circumstances of its return to Tver in 1382. The influence of the Kashin princes kinship ties, especially the marriag...