Garlic (Allium sativum): Mankind’s Health Superstar (original) (raw)
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Garlic has a tremendous pharmacological effects due to its biological active constituent (Allicin and its derivatives) organosulfur compounds. Studies carried out on the chemical composition of the plant show that the most important constituents of this plant are organosulfur compounds such as allicin, diallyl disulphide, S-allylcysteine, and diallyl trisulfide which contribute a vital role in its nutraceutical applications. Garlic is one of the most important bulb vegetables, which is used as spice and flavoring agent for foods Garlic adds to taste of foods as well as it helps to make them digestible. Garlic contains different useful minerals, vitamins and many other substances used for health of human beings. It is rich in sugar, protein, fat, calcium, potassium, phosphorous, sulfur, iodine fiber and silicon in addition to vitamins. It possesses high nutritive value. Furthermore, garlic has pharmaceutical effects and used to cure a vast conditions including blood pressure and cholesterol, cancer, hepatoprotective, antihelmentics, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antifungal and wound healing, asthma, arthritis, sciatica, lumbago, backache, bronchitis, chronic fever, tuberculosis, rhinitis, malaria, obstinate skin disease including leprosy, leucoderma, discolouration of the skin and itches, indigestion, colic pain, enlargement of spleen, piles, fistula, fracture of bone, gout, urinary diseases, diabetes, kidney stone, anemia, jaundice, epilepsy, cataract and night blindness.
A review on garlic (Allium sativum L.) as a functional food
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2017
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) botanically a member of the Lillaceae family and Allium genus, is considered to be rich in medicinal properties. The undamaged bulbs contain allin which will be enzymatically converted to allicin during cutting. Allicin, is the major bioactive compound found in garlic followed by other organosulfur compounds. Preparation of garlic extractions can be done in liquid form and solid form. The composition and bioactivity of the extraction depend on the strain, age, method of preparation and consumption method. When extracted and isolated, the bioactive compounds of garlic show a wide range of beneficial health effects to treat various infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases as well as metabolic and genetic disorders. An overview is provided on the numerous clinical and experimental investigations done on the reduction of LDL cholesterol level, cardiovascular disease, blood glucose levels by garlic derivative compounds. Furthermore, anti-carcinogenic effect, anti-microbial effect and antioxidant property of garlic are also reviewed.
Pharmacological properties and phytoconstituents of garlic (Allium sativum L.): A review
Biological Sciences, 2023
Medicinal plants have been used since ancient times for human healthcare in the form of traditional medicines, spices, and other food components. Throughout history, many different cultures have recognized the potential use of garlic for the prevention and treatment of different diseases. Garlic is a common bulb vegetable or spice that is used as an herb and to flavor food. The plant contains biologically active components that contribute to its pharmacological properties. The medicinal effects of garlic were known for 5,000 years. Garlic is recommended as a nutritive element in the treatment of various health problems and the prolongation of human life. The chemical constituents of garlic have also been investigated for the treatment of aging, Alzheimer’s disease, anti-fungal/bacterial/viral/ Protozoans, atherosclerosis, blood pressure, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neuro/ nephroprotection, osteoporosis, stress, hyperlipidemia, and, wound healing and highly praised by s...
Garlic belongs to the family Alliaceae , it has more than 500 species in 30 genera and the family is taxonomically intermediate between the Liliaceae and the Amaryllidaceae. It is widely distributed. Garlic contains more than one hundred biologically useful secondary metabolites, which include alliin, alliinase, allicin, S-allyl cysteine (SAC), diallyldisulphide (DADS), diallyltrisulphide (DATS) and methyl allyl trisulphide. The γ-glutamyl-S-alk(en)yl-L-cysteines are the primary sulfur compounds present in garlic. These active compounds are responsible for protection of tissue from damage and various disorders. The therapeutic potential of this plant product inhibits invasion of carcinoma, provides cardiovascular protection, lowering of cholesterol and blood pressure, anti-platelet activities, and thromboxane formation. In addition the biological activities of garlic include antibacterial, antithrombotic, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antidiabetic and modulation of drug metabolism. The other proposed uses of garlic include hepatoprotection, antihelmenthics, antiinflammation, antifungal and wound healing. Based on our review, garlic based different ailments and concoctions can be used to alleviate a variety of health problems. Its various chemical and biological constituents contain different concentrations of organosulfur compounds to cure many diseases. Several researchers have provided a mechanism of action for many of their therapeutic effects.
Pharmacological Effects of Allium Sativum L. (Garlic)
Annual Review of Biomedical Sciences, 2008
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a bulbous herb used as a food item, spice and medicine in different parts of the world. Its medicinal use is based on traditional experience passed from generation to generation. Researchers from various disciplines are now directing their efforts towards discovering the effects of garlic on human health. Interest in garlic among researchers, particularly those in medical profession, has stemmed from the search for a drug that has a broad-spectrum therapeutic effect with minimal toxicity. Recent studies indicate that garlic extract has antimicrobial activity against many genera of bacteria, fungi and viruses. The role of garlic in preventing cardiovascular disease has been acclaimed by several authors. Chemical constituents of garlic have been investigated for treatment of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, platelet aggregation and blood fibrinolytic activity. Experimental data indicate that garlic may have anticarcinogenic effect. Recent researches in the area of pest control show that garlic has strong insecticidal, nematicidal, rodenticidal and molluscicidal activity. Despite field trials and laboratory experiments on the pesticidal activity of garlic have been conducted, more studies on the way of delivery in environment and mode of action are still recommended for effective control of pest. Adverse effects of oral ingestion and topical exposure of garlic include body odor, allergic reactions, acceleration in the effects of anticoagulants and reduction in the efficacy of anti-AIDS drug Saquinavir.
Medicinal Values of Garlic ( Allium sativum L. ) in Non-Communicable Diseases: A Review
Medicinal Chemistry, 2021
Introduction: These days many people are suffering from many non-communicable diseases like hypertension, diabetes, ethanol induced liver injury and several types of cancers. There is no absolute cure and effective modern medicine for the above mentioned non-communicable diseases. Garlic is one of the most commonly used bulb crop used in different parts of the world as a spice, traditional medicine and food additive. This plant is a species in the onion genus, Allium, and many studies proved that this plant could be used in the treatment of many non-communicable diseases and is safe for human use. Materials and methods: Several research papers related to the medicinal values of garlic from different journals were used in order to compile this review. Search for these literatures was conducted in different electronic databases (Science Direct, MEDLINE, Research gate, Web of Science and Google Scholar) with inclusion criteria of full length published articles or experimental studies and with exclusion criteria of data from non-open access journals or partially accessed articles. Conclusion and recommendations: Now days so many non-communicable diseases like hypertension, diabetes, alcohol induced liver injury and cancers are being major human problems in human life. As a widely cultivated crop Garlic has so many benefits towards these diseases and could be used as an alternative treatment for these diseases.
Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A review of potential therapeutic applications
Garlic (Allium sativum L. fam. Alliaceae), one of the best-researched herbal remedies, is frequently used as a food and a spice. Garlic contains enzymes (e.g., allinase), sulphur-containing compounds, including alliin, and compounds produced enzymatically from alliin (for example, allicin). Conventionally, it has been used to treat infections, wounds, diarrhoea, rheumatism, heart disease, diabetes and many other disorders. Experimental studies have demonstrated that garlic exhibits antibacterial, antihypertensive, cardioprotective, antilipidaemic, anticarcinogenic, immunostimulant and hypoglycaemic properties. Clinically, garlic has been investigated for a variety of indications, namely, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes and for the prevention of arteriosclerosis and cancer. Systematic reviews are available for the possible antilipidaemic, antihypertensive, antithrombotic and chemopreventive effects. Garlic appears to be generally safe although allergic reactions may occur.
Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies, 2020
Garlic, (Allium sativum) Linn. is a member of the family Liliaceae. It is known as Seer (Persian) and Saum (Arabic) in unani medicine, similarly in Sanskrit, garlic is commonly known as lahsuna or rasona. Garlic plays important role in daily diet and also helps in maintaining good health that’s why it is widely used as diet and medicine. The effects of garlic (Seer) have been largely attributed as Muhallil, Mulattif, Jali Musakhkhin, Mufatteh urooq, Mudirr-eBaul (Diuretic), Muqatte-Akhlate ghaleeza, Muraqqiqe dam, antihyperlipidemic, antiphypertensive, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, anticarcinogenic, hepatoprotective activities. Garlic has many health benefits and has been traditionally used worldwide. The wealth of scientific literature supports the significant effects in Hummiyat kuhna (Intermittent fevers), Nazla muzmin (chronic catarrhs), Shaheeqa (whooping coughs), Sara’a (epilepsy), Dama (asthma), Deafness, Retention of urine, Zaheer (amoebic dysentery), Haiza (chole...
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) - the content of bioactive compounds
Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 2018
Genus Allium belongs to the family Alliaceae, which contains more than 600 species. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is the most popular food ingredient widely used all over the world. During the last few decades, garlic has received tremendous attention for their wide range of therapeutic properties and great health benefits. Garlic has possessed antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antiviral, antioxidant, anticholesteremic, anti-cancerous, and vasodilator characteristics. In this work the total polyphenols content, total sulfur content and antioxidant activity was compared and evaluated in four studied varieties of garlic (Mojmír, Lukan, Záhorský and Makoi). The analyzed samples of garlic were collected at the stage of full maturity in the area Bardejov. The total polyphenols content was measured using the spectrophotometric method of Folin-Ciocalteu agents. The total polyphenols content in studied varieties of garlic were determined in the range 612.23 mg.kg-1 (Mojmír) to 566.01 m...
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, 2024
Allium sativum, commonly known as garlic, occupies a unique and revered place in the sphere of traditional Indian medicine. With a history stretching back thousands of years, garlic has been celebrated for its culinary and therapeutic virtues, offering a treasure trove of remedies for various health ailments. In this review, we will be uncovering the multifaceted role of Allium sativum in India's traditional medicine systems, including Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani. This review will also be shedding light on the historical context, tracing garlic's origins and cultural significance in India. We delve into the ancient texts and practices that have bestowed upon garlic its status as a medicinal gem, finding mention in the revered Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita, among others. From its use in digestive disorders to respiratory ailments and immune support, garlic's traditional applications span a wide spectrum of health concerns. Further in the paper the phytochemical composition of garlic is explained, revealing the intricate web of bioactive compounds that underpin its therapeutic potential. Allicin, alliin, and S-allyl cysteine are just a few of the constituents that contribute to garlic's remarkable properties, from antioxidant effects to antimicrobial activities. In traditional medicine garlic's role is found in cardiovascular health, gastrointestinal wellness, respiratory care, and immune enhancement. Contemporary research has illuminated many of the traditional claims regarding garlic's health benefits. Studies confirm its efficacy in lowering blood pressure, combating infections, reducing inflammation, and potentially preventing cancer. This review serves as a comprehensive exploration of the traditional medicinal use of Allium sativum in India, bridging the gap between ancient wisdom and modern science. Garlic's enduring legacy as a medicinal herb continues to thrive, offering hope and healing to generations past, present, and future.