Fabrication of Electricity from Wastewater by Utilizing Microbial Fuel Cells: A Review (original) (raw)
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International Journal for Scientific Research and Development, 2015
Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) technology is an efficient technology which has a practical aspect of conversion of chemical energy in organic compounds directly to electrical energy through degradative activities of microorganisms. MFCs can be used in wastewater treatment plants with simultaneous generation of electricity. A lot of research has already been done and different types of MFCs have been constructed which have varied applications in addition to electricity generation. This article presents a short review on MFCs stating its working, types and applications with broader view on wastewater treatment.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2023
The growing concern of environmental pollution due to the excessive exploitation of fossil fuel has shifted attention to a more renewable source of procuring energy one of them being the microbial fuel cells. The development of MFC is essentially based on the potential of bacteria to generate electrons by metabolizing the substrate (sewage wastewater, here). The mechanism of working of microbial fuel cells is mentioned. The use of sewage wastewater to tap electricity while simultaneously decreasing the COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) level in the water for it's safe disposal with efficient materials for the PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane), cathode, mediators etc. have been reviewed. The best mode of operation of MFC to generate maximum power density in both single and double chambered MFC has been explored.
GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY DURING WASTE WATER TREATMENT USING MICROBIAL FUEL CELLS
International Journal of Life Sciences Research, 2019
The production of energy without pollution (non-pollutant) is an essential idea to make sure the survival of human mankind. The alternative energy production through microbial conversion of biomass (sewage waste water) is studied in this work to generate electrical energy. The methods that are currently used are at the cost of building and running cells where microbial conversion is taking place. Various developments can be achieved which includes the cell’s physical design, the catalyst involved in the cathode chamber, the membrane material and the perfect low cost substrate. Population explosion in the world has lead us to diminishing our energy resources. An approximate estimation is that 13 TW of power is consumed every year around the world where 20 % comes from renewable sources. A new technique where bacteria ferments organic substrates to generate electric energy gives us an efficient alternative energy production. This idea is called as Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC). A microbial fuel cell involves the bacteria being attached to the anode for oxidizing organic material which tends to release CO2 and protons into the anode chamber solution. Here, the electrons move from anode to cathode through electric circuit where electrons involved in reducing oxygen. During this the protons penetrate through a membrane and get to the cathode chamber. Due to the mobility of the electrons, electric current is produced. The main objective of this project is to produce electric current using Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC) from the waste water.
Environmental Earth Sciences, 2014
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ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION FROM WASTE WATER BY MICROBIAL FUEL CELL
A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a bio-electrochemical system that converts the chemical energy in the organic compounds such as acetate, lactate, and glucose. It converts renewable energy sources to electrical energy under anaerobic conditions. So it is possible to produce electricity in a MFC from wastewaters. This process is an alternative methodology for generation of electricity. Here the MFC used three different wastewater samples which were achieved maximum power with Tannery effluent was obtained 414 mV followed by municipal wastewater 254 mV and domestic waste water 244 mV. It has been found that a mixture of cow dung can actually result in higher voltage than lechate and kitchen waste. MFC also used to treat the wastewaters under anaerobic process. The highest efficiency of DO removal has been achieved by Tannery waste water (57.14 %), followed by municipal wastewater (50 %) and pond water (44.4%). The Tannery effluent shows the highest efficiency for TSS (55.4 %), followed by municipal waste water (51.64 %) and pond water (46.98 %).
Use of Microbial Fuel Cell for the Evaluation of Power Generation
This research explores the application of MFC in generating electricity using waste water from different Industries. As parameter, it was evaluated the electricity produced during MFC operation on variation at different concentration of organic substances. Based on the results, it can be reported that the maximum voltage generated, which was 905 mV and current generated, which was 252µA can be achieved. The potential difference generated by the Fuel Cell was measured using millimeter.
MICROBIAL FUEL CELL FOR ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION
In this research paper I have tried to build the microbial fuel cell using the kitchen waste water like the rice washed water and other household waste as the biomass using the E.coli and C.sporengenes species and tried to measure their potential to produce the electricity. I also have compared the results of the potential of both the species in production of electric current using different biomass for various incubation time periods. Initially the species were inoculated in their growth media for 24hours to grow at sufficient quantity. Later on I built the MFC using 2 PAC bottles using the agar-salt bridge. Then I inoculated the species with different biomass separately in separate MFC set up. Further I allowed the species to respire anaerobically and completed the circuit with external connections. I also connected a multimeter and thus after the incubation the bacterias fed on the biomass and converted the organic matter to electricity which was measured and tabulated graphically. Thus the bacterial potential of electricity production was made practical and their properties were explored.
Bio-Electrochemical Fuel CELL: A Review Study on Electricity Generation Using Bio-Waste
Journal of Sustainable Environmental
This era is all about energy, humans cannot survive without energy. Conventional energy resources are not enough to fulfill the needs of energy that’s why it is necessary to find alternate energy resources that will be efficient and environment friendly. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is one of the reasonably low costs and is considered as environment friendly It degrades the harmful substance during production of electricity.This technology helps out for the producing of electricity by using the microbes. The generation of electricity is the new form of non-renewable energy by treating of the waste water from different types of effluent. The purpose of this technology is to produce the electricity that is environment friendly and sustainable. This review is also the part of research which is also to make a comparison of different MFC feeds which have unique chemical composition and are rich of various biological species and designing. This report also contains the discussion of MFC prin...
Critical Review on Generation of Electricity from Waste by Microbial Fuel Cell Technology
2017
Energy is the lifeblood of the society and to harness energy in a clean and green way, the scientist all over the world is exploring for the newest techniques and procedures The energy production is extremely dependent on the fossil fuels, but these non – renewable sources are extremely limited in quantity and so the entire world is shifting from non renewable energy sources to renewable energy sources. The outgrowth of the non conventional sources of energy is not completely a matter of industrial interest, but also it is a matter of scientific inquiry. Regarding this aspect, this paper discusses the generation of electricity from waste. This paper focuses on generation of electricity from organic waste and, it also discusses the parameters affecting the efficiency of the microbial fuel cell which are the only converters of waste to electricity. The paper just enhances the concept of waste to wealth logic where electricity is the wealth we obtained from waste. Generation of electri...
Generation of Electricity Using Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) from Sludge
Bangladesh Journal of Microbiology
Microbial fuel cell (MFC), recently, is considered as a promising alternative to traditional power sources as it can use microorganisms to transform chemical energy of organic compounds into electricity. In future, microbial production of electricity may become an important form of bioenergy because electricity extraction is possible through MFC using wide range soluble or nonsoluble complex organic wastes as a renewable biomass. In this study, single chamber MFC and double chambers MFCs were used to production and enrichment a microbial consortium for electricity generation from organic waste samples. Potential electrogenic bacteria were also isolated from anode, analyzed and evaluated. Most of them were Gram negative and fermentative organisms. Their electrogenic role was promising generating upto 5.05 volts and 4.72 mA when combined five) double chambers in series connection. Isolation of these bacteria and employing these for generation of electricity may bring potential power s...