Swertia spp.: A Potential Source of High-Value Bioactive Components, Pharmacology, and Analytical Techniques (original) (raw)

Bioactive Natural products in Drug Discovery, 2020

Abstract

Swertia (Gentianaceae), a diverse genus, is mentioned as a potential herbal drug in Ayurvedic, Unani, and Siddha traditional systems of medicine. Since time immemorial, 70 Swertia species have been used worldwide to cure several health illnesses associated with malaria, cancer, diabetes, inflammation, liver complications, different kinds of fever, etc. Swertia herb is used as the principal component in several marketed herbal/polyherbal formulations. Medicinal usage of Swertia is endorsed to the miscellaneous compounds, viz. xanthones, iridoids, seco-iridoids, and triterpenoids. Swertia is one of the most imperative trade herbs since its market value rises by 10% yearly. A chain of systematic isolation of bioactive compounds and their diverse range of pharmacological effects during the last 10–15 years proved this genus as an industrially important plant. This chapter makes an effort to present the comprehensive assessment on distribution, ethnopharmacology, biological activities, phytochemistry, extraction, and analysis of major bioactive compounds in selected species of Swertia in the past few years, and thus to explore the conventional and nonconventional ways of isolation and evaluation of pharmacologically significant bioactive compounds and to screen out the elite variety of Swertia spp.

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