Prevalence of Rabbit Coccidia in Medea Province, Algeria. (original) (raw)
Related papers
Prevalence of coccidian infection in rabbit farms in North Algeria
Veterinary World, 2018
Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and intensity of rabbit coccidiosis (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in North Algeria. Materials and Methods: During the study, 40 rabbit farms were investigated. The farms are located in the provinces of Tizi Ouzou, Médéa, and Djelfa which distributed, respectively, into three regions: East Tell Atlas Mountains, Central Tell Atlas Mountains, and High Plateaus. The number of oocyst per gram of feces (OPG) was determined by McMaster technique, and the Eimeria species were identified using morphological criteria. Results: In the farms investigated, the prevalence of coccidian infection was estimated to 90% (80.7-99.3%) in rabbits after weaning. The classification of the farms according to their parasite load allowed us to show that 37.5% of the prospective farms have an oocyst excretion between 10 4 and 5×10 4 oocysts per gram and 22.5% excrete >5×10 4 oocysts per gram. Excretion levels by region show that the region of East Tel Atlas Mountains ranks first with 79% of farms with a parasitic load >10 4 coccidians compared to the regions of Central Tel Atlas Mountains and High Plateaus. In total, eight species of Eimeria were identified from oocyst-positive samples. Mixed infections with four Eimeria species were common. E. magna is the dominant species in comparison with E. media and E. irresidua with respective frequencies of 42.5% and 17.6% and 14.9% (p<0.001). Our results showed that the farms using anticoccidial drugs for their rabbits were low (25%) and the percentage of farms with poor hygienic conditions was 65%. There was a significant association between increased oocysts excretion and control measures of coccidian infection. Conclusion: The study revealed an overall prevalence of 90% in the three Algerian regions. A strong association was observed between Eimeria infection and hygienic status and preventional chemotherapy.
Coccidiosis in rabbits in a subtropical hilly region
Indian Journal of Animal Research, 2015
A detailed study on rabbit coccidiosis in a subtropical hilly region of India regarding prevalence, intensity of infections, species involved and control measures adopted during mortality in a rabbit farm due to coccidiosis, was undertaken for awareness of the rabbit owners of the hilly region. Overall 57.28% rabbits were found positive for coccidial infections. Mortality in rabbit was diagnosed due to coccidiosis. Six species of Eimeria were identified i.e. E. magna, E. exigua, E. piriformis, E. coecicola, E. intestinalis and E. media and thus intestinal coccidiosis were found responsible for such mortality. Treatment with oral administration of amprolium soluble powder 20% w/w @1g/ litre of drinking water for 10 days was found to be effective to control the mortality while individual treatment was found effective to control mortality rather than group treatments. A correlation between occurrences of coccidiosis with meteorological parameters was also established. It has been concluded from this study that pathogenesity of species of Eimeria and effectiveness of medicine are region specific. Only intestinal coccidiosis could able to causes mortality in rabbit without involvement of the hepatic coccidiosis. The rainy season particularly the month of August was very much susceptible for coccidian infection in subtropical hilly region.
Coccidiosis: A Parasitic Disease of Significant Importance in Rabbits
World Vet. J., 2020
Rabbits are considered an important and healthy source of animal protein all over the world. They are susceptible to important diseases that can reduce their productivity, causing severe economic losses. Coccidiosis is one of the important protozoon diseases caused by Eimeria species. Rabbits are highly susceptible to coccidiosis, especially after weaning time. Coccidiosis in rabbits has two forms, namely hepatic and intestinal. Affected animals indicated the symptoms of diarrhea, reduced appetite, dehydration, and weight loss as well as liver and intestinal lesions. Diagnosis is based on the detection of the infective stages of the protozoon in feces or affected tissues. Prevention and control are achieved by adopting hygienic measures and using different anticoccidial drugs. The use of natural alternatives for the prophylaxis of coccidiosis in rabbits indicated promising results. Vaccine production trials are still under investigation. Accordingly, this review article aims to shed light on coccidiosis in rabbits considering pathology, diagnosis, and control.
Intestinal coccidiosis infection in domestic rabbits
International Journal of Biological Research, 2014
The present study reports about the intestinal coccidiosis in a commercial rabbit farm. Seven New Zealand white rabbits were died in a commercial rabbit farm in Tirupati during the month of August. All the rabbits had signs of anorexia, diarrhea, dullness and weakness. Rabbits were necropsied and collected the intestinal contents for laboratory examination. Up on post mortem examination, hyperemic and oedematous intestinal mucosa was noticed. Oocysts of Eimeria spp. were detected in the faeces of all the rabbits. The collected oocysts were transferred into 2.5% aqueous potassium dichromate solution for sporulation. Faecal samples were examined by modified McMaster technique to determine oocyst counts which had ranged from 13,200 to 16,400.
Intestinal and hepatic coccidiosis among rabbits in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Veterinary World, 2019
Background and Aim: The attention to rabbit meat production in Indonesia is comparatively less to other farm animals such as cattle and poultry industries. However, future prospect of rabbit to be seriously industrialized seemed quite promising due to rabbit is highly productive and has short reproduction cycle as well as generation interval. One of the diseases infecting many rabbits is coccidiosis caused by protozoan parasite, Eimeria spp. The infectious stage of Eimeria spp. presents ubiquitously in the environment and increases the risk of parasite transmission. Preventive methods such as vaccination are not yet fully developed, while sporadic treatment is not efficiently reduce the cases. In this study, Eimeria spp. infecting rabbits in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia, were investigated with the aim for precise diagnosis to determine targeted treatment and as a baseline epidemiological data from rabbit in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: Sample collection was performed randomly for 3 months, from March 2017 to May 2017 and covered areas in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A total of 750 samples were collected. Eimeria species identification was determined morphologically from the samples after sporulation in 2.5% potassium dichromate by COCCIMORPH. Results: Ten species of Eimeria spp. were identified in this study from the positive samples (527/750; 70.3%). Eimeria flavescens was present in 80% of the positive samples, Eimeria coeciola in 78%, Eimeria perforans in 61%, Eimeria exigua in 37%, Eimeria media in 33%, Eimeria stiedae in 31%, Eimeria irresidua in 12%, Eimeria magna in 11%, Eimeria intestinalis in 10%, and Eimeria piriformis in 10%. Coinfection as noted in 80% of the positive samples with 2-6 species in a specimen. E. flavescens and E. coeciola were the most prevalent among all Eimeria spp. (p=0.0001). Conclusion: Eimeria spp. is detected in high prevalence among rabbit in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, with commonly occurs in mixed infections. In this paper, we describe Eimeria spp. that are circulating in Indonesia and present it as updated information to farmers and veterinarians. To the best of our knowledge, we provided the first information about rabbit coccidiosis in Indonesia. Keywords: coccidiosis, Indonesia, rabbit.
Livestock research for rural development, 2017
Rabbit production is a fast growing industry in Kenya. Despite the growth, an assessment of farmer's knowledge, attitude, and practices that influence the occurrence of rabbit coccidiosis is not documented. This study was conducted in Central Kenya to assess farmers' practices that influence risk factors, prevalence, and control strategies of rabbit coccidiosis. Questionnaires were used to collect data from 97 rabbit farmers and 27 agro-veterinary outlets. Prevalence and intensity of coccidia infection were also determined. Results revealed that rabbit production is majorly carried out by smallholder (53.6%) farmers who on average keep less than 10 rabbits. The overall prevalence of coccidiosis in the two counties was 49% with infection intensity ranging from 100 to 12.0 x 10 4 oocysts per gram. Poor housing structures (10.5%), inefficient and irregular cleaning methods (74.2%) were the major risk factors for coccidiosis. The majority of farmers reported treating coccidiosis using Sulpha-chloropyrazine (22%) and Trimethoprim/Sulphamethoxazole combination (15%). Nonchemotherapeutic methods used in the management of coccidiosis included the ethnoveterinary use of Aloe vera and and liquid paraffin. The study recommends that strategic farmers' training on best practices in rabbit production and health should be carried out and that a controlled laboratory Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD and field study be conducted to determine the efficacy of the commonly used treatment and control strategies for rabbit coccidiosis amongst the available methods.
The Study of Effectiveness of Coccidiosis Prophylaxis in Young Rabbits
International Scientific Conference, 2019
Coccidiosis (eimeriosis) is an animal disease that is widespread in the world and causes significant economic damage to the agriculture. Due to the technological features of keeping rabbits in cages, they are massively susceptible to this disease. Studies show, that the infection of rabbits with coccidiosis in different areas varies from 30 to 100 %. The death of infested young rabbits reaches 80-100 %. Sick animals lag behind in growth and lose from 12 to 30 % of their weight. Adult animals are less sensitive to coccidiosis, but they are carriers and sources of the eimeric infection [2, p. 46-47; 4]. Thus, the protection from coccidiosis is an important area of veterinary medicine. In connection with the rapid adaptation of the simplest Eimeria to the drugs used, it is necessary to constantly search for new treatment regimens and to replace them reasonably [5, p. 159-162; 6]. The aim of this research is to determine the time of occurrence of resistance of the coccidiosis causative agents to the acidifier "Kronocide-L" as well as to develop recommendations on prevention the reduction of treatment effectiveness. Scientific novelty of the workthe relationship between the drugs used for the treatment of rearing females and underperformance of these drugs in the treatment of young animals was determined, as well as schemes and recommendations to prevent this phenomenon were developed.
Veterinary World, 2020
Background and Aim: The most common causes of loss and diarrhea in rabbit farming are nutritional errors and coccidiosis. The infection can spread rapidly throughout a breeding area, reducing the rabbit population, and causing heavy losses. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the system of animal management on the extensity and intensity of infection by Eimeria of farmed rabbits, together with the effect of the sex, age, and breed of the rabbits themselves. Materials and Methods: The study included 91 rabbits (Flemish Giant, New Zealand White, French Lope, Vienna Blue, California White, and mixed breed) from eight domestic (small-scale) farms from Poland. The prevalence and intensity of coccidial infection were determined by the Willis-Schlaf and McMaster coprological methods. The species were determined based on oocyst morphology: Their shape, color, form index, the presence or absence of micropyle and cap, and the presence or absence of residual, polar, and Stiedé bodies. Results: Seven species of Eimeria were isolated from the tested rabbits: Eimeria magna, Eimeria media, Eimeria perforans, Eimeria stiedae, Eimeria coecicola, Eimeria exigua, and Eimeria irresidua. Most infections were found to be of relatively low intensity. No significant differences in the extensity of Eimeria protozoan infection were observed with regard to sex. However, rabbit age had a significant influence on the extensity of infection by E. magna and of Eimerian protozoans combined. The greatest extensity was observed in rabbits aged below 6 months. For all species of Eimeria, greater extensity was observed among rabbits kept in groups than individually. The system of rabbit management also had a significant influence on the intensity of infection. Those kept in groups demonstrated a significantly higher mean intensity of infection of E. magna and all Eimeria species combined than those kept individually. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that Eimeria protozoa are a common occurrence on small-scale rabbit farms. As coccidiosis treatment does not always give good results, prevention is very important in the fight against this disease. It is necessary to develop a new preventive paradigm that pays special attention to the factors that promote the spread and development of infection in domestic (small-scale) farms from Poland. For example, it would be recommended to use large, dry, bright rooms with access to the sun, as these are conducive to preventing the occurrence of coccidia infections.
Fatal Outbreak of Eimeriosis in a Rabbitry In Ibadan, Nigeria
African Journal of Biomedical Research, 2020
This report investigates an outbreak of coccidiosis in a rabbitry in Ibadan, Nigeria. The rabbits were raised in a commercial breeder rabbitry with a total stock of 700 rabbits. The duration of mortality was 5 days, with an average of 140 rabbits per day giving a total of 635 (85%) mortalities. Clinical signs, necropsy findings, cytological, Histopathological and confirmatory diagnosis were reported and discussed. This case report further showed that coccidiosis in rabbitry is still a serious problem which should be monitored and controlled.