Journalism visualization devices: six visual modes of seeing (original) (raw)
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Technologies have always been an important element of the production, distribution and consumption of media content. In the past years, the ‘materiality’ of media communication regained the attention of media scholars. This “re-discovery of media” (Zillien 2008) is accompanied by empirical research, for instance, on the implementation of technologies in newsrooms, but also on the adoption of new media technologies by recipients. Because existing theoretical models of the journalism-audience-relationship rarely include the ‘mediating’ channels (technological objects), we still face a conceptual gap regarding the role of technologies between media producers (journalists) and users (audience). Since we cannot fully understand the journalism-audience-relationship without reflecting the role of technological objects and infrastructures, a more inclusive framework is needed. To establish such a holistic view, the concept of technologies as ‘intermediaries’ or ‘interfaces’ is introduced. I argue that these ‘bridging technologies’ and their intermediating functions provide a helpful starting point to analyze how the journalism-audience-relationship is not only structured and shaped by cognitive, normative or cultural aspects and practices, but also by the affordances of media technologies. The proposed conceptual framework seeks to guide and inspire innovative empirical research, as well as to encourage a critical reflection of technological intermediaries.
Visual Forms of Presentation of Investigative Online Journalism in Austrian Media
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This article deals with the current visual and structural forms of presentation of Austrian media for investigative content. On a theoretical basis the thematic characteristics and working methods of investigative journalism are explained, as well as the basis of online journalism. The most important and most common visual and structural forms of presentation of current online formats are considered for content analysis. The study examines how investigative findings are processed for online presentation using the example of historically or self-defined investigative media. The results of a study among Austrian journalists are presented which identify how those journalists actually use different journalistic text styles, media elements and visual representations to tell their investigative stories. Text is the dominant form of presentation (86 %) used in investigative reports, but pictures (64 %) and information graphics (50 %) are frequently used as well. Video and audio are seldom ...
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The consistent increase of information is not directly proportional to the increase in attention. Despite the availability of infinite amounts of content, the human brain, working on ‘old software’ cannot cope with the excess. As a result, anxiety and depression are deepening, which negatively affects the condition of modern man. Perceptual constraints are the reason for poverty of attention with the simultaneous richness of content. The aim of the conducted research is to demonstrate the superior role of image over text and to present data journalism and infographics as a remedy for the ill-conceived perceptual limitations of the modern ‘new media’ users. Scientific publications on data journalism, information visualization, infographics, databases, and human perception is the primary research material in this publication. The research method used for this work was the content analysis and literature studies. The conducted research allowed the authors to draw conclusions assuming t...
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Strategy and Development Review, 2019
Data journalism, as a new form of journalism, is gaining ever greater ground on newsrooms. Datasets and visualization applications have contributed to its bloom. Data and visualizations have a dominant role in the journalistic article, and their introduction affects the narration of the story, too. It is, also, considered by news organizations as a tool which provides information to users in meaningful ways and a part of the transition from being rather passive news-and-information sites to more news-and-information platforms. On data journalism projects we take into account the existence or absence of interactivity related to the visualizations and the amount of text that is included. The taxonomies of data journalism that have been proposed, take into account various parameters such as the content of the articles, the type of visualizations and the type of interactivity. In our research, we focus on a previously proposed taxonomy and we investigate how it applies to some of the most popular news organizations that develop online, data-driven, interactive news articles. By collecting data journalism articles, we try to check how visualization affects the story and the type of journalism interactivity. In particular, we examine the websites of The Guardian and The New York Times, which have been British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) and the Cable News Network (CNN), two of the most popular networks, and the Associated Press (AP) and Reuters, two of the largest news agencies.
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Have users challenged the power of incumbent media through interactivity, and, if so, to what extent and to what end? The front pages and their linked features of online newspapers in Bulgaria, Estonia, Ireland and Italy are examined as instances of interactivity in practice. A methodological path to analyse interactivity practices in online newspapers is proposed. The structures and the more frequent models of interactivity applied; the types of forums; the communicative fl ux between readers and editorial staff s; modalities of self-presentation, both of readers and journalists; and the rituality of their relations in forums are set out and analysed from a number of perspectives. The study demonstrates that online newspapers in the fi rst stage of internet diff usion remain in a stage of pre-interactivity.