Design of Solar PV Underground Water Pumping System for Household Water Consumption in Bilate Basin, Ethiopia (original) (raw)
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Feasibility study of a solar photovoltaic water pumping system for rural Ethiopia
AIMS Environmental Science, 2015
Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) water pumping system is one of the best technologies that utilize the solar energy to pump water from deep well underground water sources and to provide clean drinking water worldwide. The availability of abundant solar radiation and enough underground water sources in Ethiopia can be combined together to make clean drinking water available to rural communities. The software PVsyst 5.56 was used to study the feasibility of solar photovoltaic water pumping system in the selected sites. The designed system is capable of providing a daily average of 10.5, 7 and 6.5 m 3 /day for 700, 467 and 433 people in Siadberand Wayu, Wolmera and Enderta sites respectively, with average daily water consumption of 15 liters per day per person and the costs of water without any subsidy, are approximately 0.1, 0.14 and 0.16 /m3foreachsiterespectively.Ifdieselgeneratorisusedinsteadofsolarphotovoltaicwaterpumpingsystem,toprovidethesameaveragedailywaterfortheselectedcommunity,thecostsofwaterwithoutanysubsidyareapproximately0.2,0.23and0.27/m 3 for each site respectively. If diesel generator is used instead of solar photovoltaic water pumping system, to provide the same average daily water for the selected community, the costs of water without any subsidy are approximately 0.2, 0.23 and 0.27 /m3foreachsiterespectively.Ifdieselgeneratorisusedinsteadofsolarphotovoltaicwaterpumpingsystem,toprovidethesameaveragedailywaterfortheselectedcommunity,thecostsofwaterwithoutanysubsidyareapproximately0.2,0.23and0.27/m 3 for each site respectively. A life cycle cost analysis method was also carried out for economic comparison between solar PV and the diesel pumping system. The results of this study are encouraging the use of the PV system for drinking water supply in the remote areas of the country.
Optimum Design and Evaluation of Solar Water Pumping System for Rural Areas
International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 2017
Sultanate of Oman like the rest of GCC countries is a fossil-fuel-rich country that highly depends on the production of natural gas which exists in massive amounts of its land, which makes electricity generation through natural gas a cheap solution. However, power transmission to rural areas costs the government massive amounts of money. The need of electricity for rural areas, especially for water pumping systems, is crucial to farmers. One solution is to use diesel generators for water pumping; however this solution is costly over the long run and not environmentally friendly. This paper studies the use of PV-powered water pumping system instead and shows techno-economic and environmental studies comparing both PV and Diesel pumping solutions. The PVWPS showed to be more cost-effective for Oman than the diesel generator over the lifetime of the system and having 0 carbon emissions, making it the obvious choice for such issue. The optimum COE found for the PV-powered pumping system...
Design and Operating Assessment of Solar PV Underground Water Pumping System in Upper Egypt
Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 2019
This work presents a detailed approach to the optimum design, performance and economical assessment of a solar PV underground water pumping system using AC submersible pump and motor based on the proposed daily water demands for a farm allocated in remote area in Upper Egypt under the least solar radiation conditions during the winter season. The performance assessment after the PV pumping system installation was performed taking into consideration the insolation period, water flow rate, hydraulic power, PV electric output power, pump and pumping system efficiencies. The assessment results indicated that the insolation period extended to 6 hours from 9:00 to 15:00 where the PV current affected strongly by the variation of the solar radiation intensity and consequently the motor speed, while the voltage remained stable. The data revealed that the solar radiation has high correlation (R 2 =0.9618) with water flow rate due to the continuous changes in the current where the PV system gave average daily flow rate of 49.50m 3 /h that higher than the design flow rate of 48m 3 /h. Moreover, maximum hydraulic pump power was 7518.40 W (at noon) which is higher than the designed hydraulic power of 7394.5 W and this means that the pump efficiency was exceed the suggested efficiency of 75% during designing of the PV system. Generally, the average pump and PV pumping system efficiencies were 64.8 and 13.10%, respectively. High validation was proved through the assessment with the design aspects of the PV pumping system and good performance of the selected pump, motor and PV configuration. Ultimately, the PV pumping system was saved the annualized and pumping costs with 47.33 and 36.36%, respectively, comparing to the diesel-pumping system at the same well.
Design And Analysis of Solar Powered Water Pumping System
IAEME PUBLICATION, 2020
Due to consider the fossil fuels, coal, and natural gasses, researchers doing much scientific research into it. As a result of the shortage of those above-mentioned factors, global warming may increase. To solve these problems, using natural renewable energy resources is one of the best sources of energy without increasing global warming. This research can be considered with the objective of supplying water to the agriculture purpose. Normally water pumping systems include a generator driven pump. These mechanisms have many problems such as: energy consumption, require high maintenance (fuel consumption) and diesel generator pump has environmental impacts. This study will address the above-mentioned problems by using a non-convectional based power system for water pump rather than using convectional based. Solar-powered water pumping system is one of the options, because it has less maintenance (no moving parts), easy to install, and, environmentally friendship via lifetimes and economically feasible after installation. MATLAB was used for modeling and simulation of Buck converter, Inverter, PV Cell, PV Array and HOMER software was used for PV water pumping economic cost analysis. The designed system is capable of providing 85m3per day daily water consumption of 92,400 litres per household at a total head of 76m. A comparison of the unit cost of water shows that PV water pumping is high at initial but drops to$0.16 per Kwh as installation completed than a diesel generator 0.22perKwhand0.22 per Kwh and 0.22perKwhand0.34 per Kwh of grid electricity. The outcome of the study will serve the community by supplying water and make the communities familiar with solar technologies.
Viability of Solar/Wind and Hybrid Water Pumping System for Off-Grid Rural Areas in Ethiopia
2016
The tendency to use renewable energy resources has grown continuously over the past few decades, be it due to fear over warnings of global warming or because of the depletion and short life of fossil fuels or even as a result of the interest which has developed among researchers doing scientific research into it. This work can be considered as joining any of these groups with an objective of supplying drinking water to the society living in rural areas of the country. The aim of this research is to study the Viability of solar/wind and hybrid water pumping system to remotely located communities detached from the main grid line in Ethiopia. Three regions of Ethiopia selected for the study; there solar and wind energy potential determined based on the data of National Metreology Services Agency (NMSA) and NASA satellite data. The regions are Tigray, Amhara and Oromia. In addition, for hybrid water pumping system Afar region included. Generally, in this study four geographically different regions considered for standalone solar /wind and hybrid water pumping system. One potential site selected from each regions for solar photovoltaic water pumping system. From Amhara region Siadeberand Wayu site with an latitude 9º46' N, longitude 39º40' E and altitude 3009 m a.s.l; from Oromia region wolmera site with latitude 9º13' N, longitude 38º39' E and altitude 2400 m a.s.l and from Tigray region Enderta site with latitude 13º48' N, longitude 39º55' E and altitude 2247 m a.s.l. PVsyst 5.56 software used to study the feasibility of solar photovoltaic water pumping system. The designed system is capable of providing a daily average of 10.5, 7 and 6.5 m 3 /day for 700, 467 and 433 people in Siadberand Wayu, Wolmera and Enderta sites respectively. Average radiation determined from the data used as an input for software The output of the simulation of solar photovoltaic water pumping expressed in terms of annual water delivered , missing water, excess (unused) PV energy, and system efficiency during the year (performance ratio) and economic analysis expressed by global investment, yearly cost and cost of water pumped. Viability of Solar/Wind and Hybrid Water Pumping System for Off-Grid Rural Areas in Ethiopia Misrak G. iii Similarly, one potential site selected from each regions for wind power water pumping system. From Amhara region Siadeberand Wayu site with an latitude 9º46' N, longitude 39º40' E and altitude 2625 m a.s.l; from Oromia region Adami Tulu Site with latitude 7º52' N, longitude 38º42' E and altitude 1665 m a.s.l and from Tigray region East Enderta site with latitude 13º42' N, longitude 39º37' E and altitude 1926 m a.s.l. The design results show that a 5.7 m diameter windmill is required for pumping water from borehole through a total head of 75, 66 and 44 m for Siyadberand Wayu, Adami Tulu and East Enderta to meet the daily water demand of 10, 12 and 15 m 3 , respectively. MATLAB software was used for simulation of the performance of the selected wind pump and the result showed that monthly water discharge is proportional to the monthly average wind speed at the peak monthly discharge of 685 m 3 in June,888 m 3 in May and 1203 m 3 in March for Siyadberand Wayu , Adami Tulu and East Enderta sites, respectively. An economic comparison was carried out, between windmill and diesel water pumping system using LCC (life cycle cost) analysis method and the results show that windmill water pumping systems more feasible than Diesel systems. In this research, a hybrid (solar/wind) water pumping system capable of supplying 20 m 3 of water per day for 1000 people with average daily water consumption of 20 liter per person at a total head of 50, 75 and 100 m has been designed. The feasibility study of hybrid water pumping system was carried out by selecting four sites from three different administration regions. Atsbi site from Tigray region, Awash Fentale site From Afar, Borena and Adami Tulu site from Oromia region. The system consists of two technologies: wind pump and solar pump. The MATLAB software was used to study the feasibility of hybrid water pumping system for the selected sites. Comparison of unit cost of water shows that Standalone PV and Windmill system are economically optimal compared to the hybrid system.
Techno-economical study of solar water pumping system: optimum design, evaluation, and comparison
Solar water pumping systems are fundamental entities for water transmission and storage purposes whether it is has been used in irrigation or residential applications. The use of photovoltaic (PV) panels to support the electrical requirements of these pumping systems has been executed globally for a long time. However, introducing optimization sizing techniques to such systems can benefit the end-user by saving money, energy, and time. This paper proposed solar water pumping systems optimum design for Oman. The design, and evaluation have been carried out through intuitive, and numerical methods. Based on hourly meteorological data, the simulation used both HOMER software and numerical method using MATLAB code to find the optimum design. The selected location ambient temperature variance from 12.8°C to 44.5°C over the year and maximum insolation is 7.45 kWh/m 2 /day, respectively. The simulation results found the average energy generated, annual yield factor, and a capacity factor of the proposed system is 2.9 kWh, 2016.66 kWh/kWp, and 22.97%, respectively, for a 0.81 kW water pump, which is encouraging compared with similar studied systems. The capital cost of the system is worth it, and the cost of energy has compared with other systems in the literature. The comparison shows the cost of energy to be in favor of the MATLAB simulation results with around 0.24 USD/kWh. The results show successful operation and performance parameters, along with cost evaluation, which proves that PV water pumping systems are promising in Oman.
Photovoltaic (PV) systems have been used globally for a long time to supply electricity for water pumping system for irrigation. System cost drops down with time since PV technology, efficiency, and design methodology have been improved and cost of wattage drops dramatically in the last decade. In the present paper optimum PV system design for water pumping system has been proposed for Oman. Intuitive and numerical methods were used to design the system. HOMER software as a numerical method was used to design the system to come up with optimum design for Oman. Also, REPS.OM software has been used to find the optimum design based on hourly meteorological data. The daily solar energy in Sohar was found to be 6.182 kWh/m 2 ⋅day. However, it is found that the system annual yield factor is 2024.66 kWh/kWp. Furthermore, the capacity factor was found to be 23.05%, which is promising. The cost of energy and system capital cost has been compared with that of diesel generator and systems in literature. The comparison shows that the cost of energy is 0.180, 0.309, and 0.790 USD/kWh for PV-REPS.OM, PV-HOMER, and diesel systems, respectively, which sound that PV water pumping systems are promising in Oman.
Solar powered pumps to supply water for rural or isolated zones: A case study
Energy for Sustainable Development, 2009
Water supply Rural or isolated zones Deep well pumps This work aims at studying the possible application of solar energy to deep well water pumps for water supply in rural or isolated zones. Developing countries are composed of numerous small villages and farmers, making it economically unviable to extend the electrical national grid to every location where it is needed. Also the difficulty in collecting dues makes this solution even less viable. These countries still struggle with the lack of water in many villages and farms. These factors, along with the increase in the price of conventional energy sources and concerns regarding sustainable growth, have led to the development of solar powered water pumps. Most African, South Asian and Latin-American countries have good sun exposure almost all year and many of its villages still have lack of water. For this study we considered a small village composed of 10 families with a daily consumption of 100 l each, a well with a depth of 100 m, a reservoir 10 m above ground level, an autonomy of 6 days and a permitted loss of load of 2%. In this work a PV advanced model was used. For the conditions mentioned, a water cost of 1.07 €/m 3 and an investment cost of 3019 € were obtained. A pump power of 154 W and a solar array of 195 Watt peak (Wp) are necessary. The water cost obtained is believed to be a competitive value proving these types of solutions as good alternatives to extending the electric grid or having a diesel generator connected to the pump.
International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering, 2020
Energy is one of the key factors for development of the country, and it can gain from different sources, but some of these sources are not environmentally friend, expensive and difficult to transport; like fossil fuel. Using solar energy is the best option to solve this problem. The objective of this study is Simulation of Photovoltaic water pumping system for small scale irrigation and rural electrification by using PVsyst soft-wares. The people living in grid connected system use electric powered pumping or diesel generator for pumping water, but people living in rural off-grid area can't get electric powered pump. Therefore this problem would be solved when they use solar photovoltaic pumping. In this work Madhicho is study area of this study is done at 9.14° latitude and 40.75° longitude. In this study analysis of PV water pump by using PVsyst or RET Screen Expert. Most of the time the major problem of solar PV water pumping system technology has been the wastage of energy in idle manner without using energy which is only used for target of specific purpose and time but in this research when no need of irrigation, the systems require batteries to store the sun's energy for use during summer periods. Total quantity of water required for irrigation is 145125liter per day the Pump power that can able to pump water from well to storage tank is 20kw the number of PV module to satisfy pump power is 55 and total energy produced from solar panel 22kw. Solar PV water pumping system can be reliably used at where absence of continuous local grid available where as solar PV and battery storage need is critical
2017
There is a great impact of diesel driven water pumping systems on irrigation, in remote areas around the world. However the gradual increase of fuel price worldwide has a serious effect on this system, that discourages the utilization of such technology. As an alternate, it is expected to deal with the economical solar water pumping system for small scale irrigation applications. This paper deals with the design of this PV water pumping, which provides the theoretical studies of photovoltaic and the analysis of electric power requirement for powering pumps for irrigation. The analysis employs determining the optimum tilt angle of solar panel which can collect the maximum solar energy, when irrigation demand could be higher based on seasonal variation. The irrigation requirement has been determined and the maximum power has been minimized so as to select the power which can satisfy all irrigation periods with reduced cost of PV system.