Biorefinery of Jatropha Seed Cake by Lactid Acid Bacteria and The Effects on Hematological Profile of Rex Rabbit (original) (raw)
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Evaluation of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) Seed Cake Meal as Feed for Rabbit
An eight week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of fermented jatropha seed cake meal (JSCM) for growing rabbits to find a use for this less utilized by product of biodiesel production. The JSCM fermented by Aspergillus niger using solid state method was substituted for either 25% (diet 2), 50% (diet 3) or 75% (diet 4) soybean meal (wt/wt) in the control diet (diet 1) formulated for growing rabbits. Sixty mixed sex, crossbred (Newzealand × Flemish giant) rabbits average 877±4g were divided into four groups of 15 rabbits each and assigned to any of the four diets in a completely randomized design. Data were collected on production performance, mortality, production cost, nutrient digestibility, carcass yield and organ weight. Data were analyzed by one way analysis of variance using SAS soft ware package. Results showed that average daily weight gain of the rabbits that received diet 2 (14.37g) and diet 5 (13.14g) were similar to that of the control (14.35g) while the value obtained for those that received diet 3 (16.7g) were higher (P<0.05). Feed conversion efficiency, final weight and live weight followed the same trend. Feed cost increased with increase JSCM in the diets. Production cost was lower (P<0.05) at 50% substitution level than in control diet but higher (P<0.05) at 25% and 75%. Crude fibre was poorly digested at 75% substitution level. Feeding fermented JSCM to rabbits reduced liver and spleen size. It was concluded that up to 75% soybean meal can be replaced with fermented JSCM in growing rabbit diet without adverse effect on growth but for economic reason 50% should be replaced.
Effect of Feeding Diets Containing Treated Jatropha Seed Meal on Performance of Growing Rabbits
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
A study was assigned to assess the ameliorate the feeding value of jatropha seed meal by chemical or autoclave treatments and the feasibility of using in rabbit diets. Sixty weaned APRI rabbits, six weeks old with an average live body weight 707.26±4.54g were allotted randomly to five groups (twelve rabbits/treatment in 3 replicates). Five experimental diets were formulated where soybean meal protein of the basal diet (control) was replaced by chemically or autoclaved jatropha seed meal protein (CTJSM or ATJSM, respectively) of the rate of 15 or 30%. The growth trail continued lasted up to 14 th week of age. There were final body weight and daily body weight gain with rabbits fed diets containing 15% CTJSM and 15% ATJSM diets close to rabbis fed control diets. The feed conversion ratio was significantly improved with 15% ATJSM and CTJSM diets compared with control. Digestion coefficients and nutritive values were insignificantly differed with tested diet contained 15% CTJSM compared to control. The control and tested groups resulted in the better dressing% compared to 30% CTJSM group. There were significantly increased in plasma ALT when replacing 15 or 30% ATJSM and 15% CTJSM, while plasma AST was significantly decreased when rabbit fed 15 % ATJSM compared to control. Economic efficiency and relative economic efficiency recorded the highest values with 15% CTJSM followed by 15% ATJSM, compared to control.Conclusively, It could be concluded soybean meal protein could be replaced by CTJSM and ATJSM protein at the level of 15%without an adverse in rabbits performance.
A study was conducted to observe the feed intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation pattern and blood biochemical profile of growing crossbred calves fed lime treated Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) cake (LTJC). Fourteen crossbred growing calves of 11-17 months of age were randomly divided in two groups i.e. T1 (Control) and T2 (LTJC at 4% of the concentrate mixture) following Completely Randomized Design. A digestion trial of 7 d duration was conducted towards the end of experiment of 80 days to assess the digestibility of nutrients. The intake of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) in both the groups was similar and digestibility was higher in T2 during experiment. However, the digestibility of CP was lower (P<0.01) in T2 group. Animals in control group gain body weight while those in group T2 loose body weight. A peak ammonia nitrogen level in strained rumen liquor (SRL) was observed at 2 h post feeding and then declined up to 8 h post feeding with the same pattern in both grou...
World J. Zoology., 2006
30 weaners rabbit of an average weight of 407.8g were employed in a feeding trial lasted 19days to evaluate the effect of inclusion of graded level of boiled castor seed cake (at 0, 10, 15, 20 and 25% inclusion levels) on the growth performance, blood composition and haematological parameters of the animals. The animals were randomly allotted to five treatments of 6 replicates (1 animal per replicate) per treatment. The initial weight, final weight and fed intake were monitored, recorded and analyzed. Two sets of blood samples were also collected from a set of randomly selected animals (in each treatment) and used for the haematological analysis. All data collected were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). No significant (p>0.05) difference was obtained in the average final weight, average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake and feed to gain ratio. However, the daily weight gain decreases as the inclusion level of CSC increase, while the feed to gain ratio increased. HB, PCV, RBC, WBC, Neutrophils, Eosinophils and lympocytes were not significantly (p>0.05) affected among the dietary treatment. Also the Albumin, Total protein, Bilirubin and Urea were not significantly (p>0.05) different. However, highest values were obtained in diit 1 (0% CSC) except in the case of Bilirubin. It could be seen from all indication that weaner rabbit cannot tolerate Boiled castor seed cake based diet beyond 15% inclusion level. Other processing methods which can detoxify the seed to a better extent are to be considered.
Digestibility and Blood Metabolite Profiles of Chicken Fed Fermented Jatropha Seed Meal
Animal production, 2013
This research had been conducted to obtain a feed formula that is capable of supporting optimal production performance both in broilers and laying hens fed on feed containing fermented jatropha seed meal and addition saccarides. Fifty four broiler and fifty four layer were used. Nested classification was the experimental design with bird kinds as group, levels of fermented Jatropha curcas meal (JCM-F) (9%, 12%, 15%) as sub group and levels of fructooligosaccharida/FOS (0.5%; 1%; 1.5%) as a sub sub group. There were 3 replications in each treatment. Jatropha curcas meal was fermented with lactid acid bacteria ( L. acidophilus and Bifidobacter spp ) for 12 x 24 hour in 37 o C. The objective of the research was to evaluate growth, feed consumption, nutrient digestibility (crude protein and gross energy), blood metabolites (glucose, cholesterol and trgliseride). The results showed that the type of chicken had significant effect on growth and protein retention. The level of Jatr...
The study evaluates the efficacy of fungi (Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma longibrachitum) treated Jatropha curcas kernel cake in a mixed ration on percentage packed cell volume, red blood cell, white blood cell, haemoglobin, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil, neutrophil, urea, creatinine, aspertate amino transferase, alanine phosphateses and alanine transference of goat. The West African dwarf goat (n = 15) were randomized against the experimental diets {(Diet A, control; B (50% soybean cake +50% A. niger treated Jatropha kernel cake); C (100% A. niger treated J. curcas kernel cake); D (50% soybean cake + 50% T. longibrachiyum treated J. curcas kernel cake) and E (100% T. longibrachiyum treated J. curcas kernel cake)} in a completely randomized design model for a 70 day period. Feeding and watering were given freely throughout the study. Blood was collected from the goats every fortnightly at the jugular vein. The results revealed an increase in the creatinine content of the animals fed diets B and E compared to other diets. The urea content of the blood followed similar trend. Contrarily, the red blood cell was higher in control diet A and diet D. The packed cell volume ranged between 20 and 29%. Neutrophyl was significantly higher in diets B, C and D compared to diets A and E which are similar (p > 0.05). The positive presentations show that the fungi treated J. curcas kernel cake could have reduced most of the anti-nutrients, revealing that the biological processing of the cake is very promising.
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 2012
A feeding trial was conducted with twenty four (24) unsexed weaner rabbits, with mean initial weight of 776g for eight weeks, to evaluate the effect of replacing full fat soybean with fermented locust bean seed at 0%, 25%, 50% and75% levels of inclusion (for control, T 2, T 3 and T 4 , respectively). The animals were distributed into four treatment groups of six rabbits each, sub-divided into three replicates of two animals each, in a completely randomized design. Each treatment group received 120g of Tridaxprocumbens and one of the experimental diets. Feed intake, water intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio, as well as some hematological parameters were determined. Feed conversion ratio, RBC, Hb and PCV were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by treatments. However, average final weight, average weight gain, average feed and water intake, WBC and TP all showed significant (P<0.05) treatment effects. Results of the experiment suggests that dietary inclusion of fermen...
Buletin Peternakan
The study aimed at evaluating the hematological and chemical parameters of the blood of female fat tail sheep raised with fermented complete feed (CF) management. It used 40 adult female fat tail sheep age 24-36 months and body weight in 30-35 kg and 3-4 of body condition score, which was raised in the individual stall with fermented complete feed (CF) management. Samples of blood were drawn once from the jugular vein before feeding in the morning. The results of hematological parameters were RBC (12.11±2.18 x106/µL), hemoglobin (12.40±1.96 g/dL), hematocrit (36.49±5.47%), MCV (30.46±3.38 fL), MCH (10.30±0.75 pg), MCHC (34.00±1.86 g/dL), eosinophils (3.15±7.70%), neutrophils (7.13±14.90%), lymphocytes (11.93±23.85%), and monocytes (0.30±0.88%). The results of chemical parameters were sodium (147.58±3.75 mmol/L), chloride (106.51±3.12 mmol/L), magnesium (3.66±1.38 mg/dL), albumin (3.36±0.31 g/dL) and glucose (40.28±9.12 mg/dL). The results of hematological and chemical parameters i...