Enhance productivity and net economic return by intercropping sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) with common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under drip irrigation (original) (raw)
Related papers
Alexandria Science Exchange, 2018
Effective intercropping pattern, use of highly efficient irrigation system and proper irrigation scheduling are one of the current challenges in agriculture sector for saving water, maximizing crop production and economic benefits. Thus, a two-year field experiment was conducted at Ismailia Research Station (30o 35' N latitude, 30o 26' E longitude, 20.0m above MSL), Egypt during the two growing seasons of 2016 and 2017 to study the effect of three irrigation treatments (1.2, 1.0 and 0.8 ETo calculated by the BIS model) and five peanut/sunflower intercropping patterns ((P1 = 100% peanut + 25 % sunflower), (P2 = 100% peanut + 33% sunflower), (P3 = 100% peanut + 50% sunflower), (P4 = sole peanut), and (P5 = sole sunflower)) on yield and its components of both crops, applied irrigation water, consumptive use, land and water productivity and net income. The experimental layout was designed in strip plot with three replicates. The results indicated that light intensity percentage significantly decreased with the 1.2 ETo treatment. The highest values of growth and yield of pod, seed and oil of peanut and sunflower were detected with the application of 1.2 ETo. Intercropping sunflower with peanut significantly reduced the yield of both crops in both seasons. However, intercropping sunflower at low density (P1) recorded the maximum values for yield and yield components of peanut, compared to the P2 and P3 treatments. The highest values of applied water (451 and 439mm) and consumptive use (403 and 415mm) were obtained in the first and second growing seasons, respectively when P3 (100% P + 50% S) was irrigated with 1.2 of ETo. Intercropping sunflower with peanut increased water use efficiency (kg/mm or cereal unit/mm) compared with sole crop. The average of water equivalent ratio was highest (1.255) produced with P3 under 1.0 ETo treatment, as average of both growing seasons. The maximum value of land equivalent ratio (1.569) and net income (L.E. 22589/ha) were recorded with P3 intercropping pattern irrigated with 1.2 of ETo treatment, on average basis of both growing seasons. Sunflower was the dominant component for the all intercropping systems, while peanut was the dominated crop. Thus, we recommend the implementation of P3 intercropping system, namely 100% peanut + 50% sunflower irrigated with 1.2 of ETo to increase land productivity in sandy soil under sprinkler irrigation or with 1.0 of ETo to save on the applied irrigation water, with yield lose were low. Under severe drought conditions, we recommended application of 0.8 ETo.
Drip irrigated sunflower intercropping
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2015
One of the difficulties in the implementation of agroenergy's cropping is the growing area competition with subsistence crops. Few studies have been conducted to show the efficiency of intercropping between plants of energy's potential with cultures of economic sustainability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of intercropping sunflower cultivars with corn and beans, in the initial growth under localized irrigation. The experiment was conducted at the end of the year 2012, in an area of 950 m 2 , located in the Campus II-UEPB, Lagoa Seca, Paraíba. The irrigation system was managed based on the Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo), calculated by the Penmann-Monteith Method with data obtained locally. The experimental design was a randomized blocks factorial (2 × 4) × 3, with treatments combining two varieties of sunflower in four plantation systems: single or isolated, intercropped with maize, with bean and with caupi. Each plot consisted of four rows of sunflowers in spacing 0.3 × 0.7 m and length of 5 m, interspersed with rows of beans or corn, except in the isolated system. The central rows of sunflowers were used to measure the following growth characteristics: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf área. Data were subjected to analysis of variance by F test and the means compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. The diversification of sunflower varieties promoted differences in initial growth, regardless of the cropping system. There was significant effect at 15 DAS, where the sunflower variety "Advanta CF101" had higher plants than the variety "Hélio 253" at 40 DAS; the variety "Hélio 253" had a stem diameter greater than the "Advanta CF101".
Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development, 2015
Two field experiments with Sunflower on deep cracking soil with heavy clay (vertisol) were conducted at Gezira Research Station Farm during two executive winter seasons, in WadMedani, Sudan. The crop was sown in the third week of November and in the first week of December for seasons 2012 and 2013 respectively. The experimental design was split plot design with three replicates. The Sunflower hybrid tested in the study was Hysun 33. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of three different irrigation intervals of 10, 15 and 20 days and two intra-row plant spacings of 30 cm and 40 cm on yield and yield components of Sunflower. The seed yields obtained from the different treatments were in the ranges of 1890-3300 kg/ha and 1590-3290 kg/ha for the first and second season respectively. The corresponding computed on average crop water productivity was in the range of 0.31-0.43 kg/m3. The study clearly indicated that the highest seed yield was obtained when the crop was s...
Effect of Economic Use of Irrigation Water on Growth and Yield of Intercropped Maize and Sunflower
2020
Three maize/ sunflower intercropping patterns (S1, S2 and S3) were tested compared to pure maize (Pm) and pure sunflower (Psu) grown in solid planting under three irrigation treatments during 2005 and 2006 seasons. Intercropping unit, that repeated twice, consisted of four ridges, of which 3 were sown with sunflower and the fourth was sown with maize on one side (S1) or two sides (S2) of ridge. In S3, maize was grown as in S2 with additional side on the third sunflower ridge. Irrigation treatments were frequent irrigation (I1) every 15 days and skipping either second (I2) or the third (I3) irrigation (at 35 or 50 days after sowing, respectively). Frequent irrigation of maize gave significantly greater plant height, percent of fertile plants, 100grain weight and grain yield/ fed., under (I1) irrigation regime compared to maize grown under I2 and I3 irrigation levels. Maize intercropped with sunflower in S3 system produced the tallest plants, while pure maize in (Pm) plots, followed b...
Helia, 2009
An experiment was conducted during summer and kharif seasons of 2004 and 2005 at Agricultural Research Station, Bhavanisagar, to study different irrigation methods and regimes (IW/CPE ratio) on yield attributes, yield and water economy in hybrid sunflower (MSFH 17). Yield and yield attributes varied significantly during both summer and kharif seasons of 2004 and 2005. Irrigation at 0.80 and 0.60 IW/CPE ratios under alternate furrows and paired row system of irrigation (80/40 × 30 cm) proved better than other treatment combinations with regard to water use efficiency gross return, net return and B0 : C ratio.
Effects of deficit irrigation on yield, water productivity and economic return of sunflower
Field experiments were conducted at two locations (one at normal soil, BARI Gazipur and another at saline soil, ARS, Benarpota, Satkhira) during two consecutive years (2014 and 2015) to study the effects of deficit irrigation (DI) on yield, water productivity and economics on sunflower production. Design was RCB and irrigation treatments were: FI-100 (T 1), DI-80 (T 2) and DI-60 (T 3) at vegetative, pre-flowering and heading stages, FI-100 (T 4), DI-80 (T 5) and DI-60 (T 6) at vegeta-tive and pre-flowering stages, and FI-100 (T 7), DI-80 (T 8) and DI-60 (T 9) at vegetative and heading stages. Results indicated that DI treatments significantly reduced plant growth parameters (canopy coverage, and biomass except root length density), yield attributes and seed yield compared to full irrigation (FI) (T 1). Pre-flowering stage was the critical stage to DI. DI-60 at vegetative and pre-flowering stages (T 6) produced 2.18 and 2.53 t ha −1 seed yields by saving 68.15 and 54.75% water at normal and at saline soil. This treatment (T 6) also gave the highest water productivity, irrigation water productivity, and net financial return. The results will be helpful for taking policy decision regarding efficient irrigation and water management under prevailing water scarce situation.
Field experiments were conducted at two locations (one at normal soil, BARI Gazipur and another at saline soil, ARS, Benarpota, Satkhira) during two consecutive years (2014 and 2015) to study the effects of deficit irrigation (DI) on yield, water productivity and economics on sunflower production. Design was RCB and irrigation treatments were: FI-100 (T 1 ), DI-80 (T 2 ) and DI-60 (T 3 ) at vegetative, pre-flowering and heading stages, FI-100 (T 4 ), DI-80 (T 5 ) and DI-60 (T 6 ) at vegetative and pre-flowering stages, and FI-100 (T 7 ), DI-80 (T 8 ) and DI-60 (T 9 ) at vegetative and heading stages. Results indicated that DI treatments significantly reduced plant growth parameters (canopy coverage, and biomass except root length density), yield attributes and seed yield compared to full irrigation (FI) (T 1 ). Pre-flowering stage was the critical stage to DI. DI-60 at vegetative and pre-flowering stages (T 6 ) produced 2.18 and 2.53 t ha −1 seed yields by saving 68.15 and 54.75% water at normal and at saline soil. This treatment (T 6 ) also gave the highest water productivity, irrigation water productivity, and net financial return. The results will be helpful for taking policy decision regarding efficient irrigation and water management under prevailing water scarce situation.
Chilean journal of agricultural research, 2020
An additive intercropping model was adopted to improve land use efficiency and productivity of two prominent oil crops grown in Egypt, that is, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) A 2-yr field trial was conducted in Northern Egypt during the summers of 2017 and 2018. The effects on yield, crop components, and land use efficiency of the system were tested with three N fertilizer rates (70, 105, and 140 kg N ha-1) and three thinning intervals of 15, 30, and 45 d after sowing (DAS) for sunflower and 30, 45, and 65 DAS for soybean. Late thinning increased plant height in both crops, but reduced sunflower stem and head diameters and seed weight per head. The maximum seed yield occurred in the pure stands and reached 4.00 and 1.61 t ha-1 for sunflower and soybean, respectively. Early thinning positively affected seed yield and fresh and dry biological yields, while the effect of N rates was limited. Seed oil content of both crops was slightly affected by the treatments and generally averaged approximately 50% and 20% in sunflower and soybean, respectively. While the land equivalent ratio (LER) indicated the advantage of intercropping sunflower and soybean (LER > 1), the DM equivalent ratio (DMER) provided a more realistic estimate as to the effect of intercropping compared with sole cropping in an additive model. Early and intermediate thinning intervals across all N fertilizer rates resulted in yield gain (DMER > 1), while late thinning reduced yield (DMER < 1). Intercropping sunflower and soybean crops is recommended for low input farming systems, particularly in developing countries.
Water Productivity Under Alternate Partial Furrow Irrigation And Organic Fertilization For Sunflower
A field experiment was conducted in Al-Rasheed Township, south of Baghdad, in 2011 fall season to evaluate the water productivity under alternate partial furrow irrigation (APFI) compared to conventional furrow irrigation (CFI). The experiment included six treatments: CFI, APFI through sunflower growth stages, APFI i alternate partial furrow irrigation through growth stages except emergence stage CFI application, APFI v through growth stages except vegetative stage CFI application, APFI f through growth stages except flowering stage CFI application and APFI m through growth stages except grain maturity stage CFI application. Organic fertilizer was applied in two rates: with organic using 10 Mg ha-1 (OF 1) or without 0 Mg ha-1 (OF 0). The experiment was designed according to the complete randomized blocks design using split plots with three replicates. 50% moisture depletion of available water was assigned to determine the depth of irrigation water and irrigation date according to the plant root zone depth and water equilibrium equation was used to determine water consumption of the sunflower. Results indicated that added irrigation water and sunflower water consumption differed with different irrigation treatments where the lower added irrigation water was in APFI treatment comparing with the other. Sunflower grain yield showed no significant differences in all APFI treatments compared to CFI treatment. OF 1 achieved an increment in the yield of 5.57% compared to OF 0. The higher field water use efficiency (WUE f), crop water use efficiency (WUE c) and gained irrigation water occurred in APFI compared to CFI with an increment of 91, 84, and 91.34 % respectively. Significant increment in WUE f , WUE c and gained irrigation water occurred in OF 1 compared to OF 0 with an increment of 5, 5.23 and 4.82 % respectively. It is clear that APFI reduced irrigation water without significant draw back on the yield and increased WUE which reflected on increasing gained water unit used in production grains of sunflower. Thus, partial irrigation can save water for enlargement of planting area or growing extra crop.
Bio-economic assessment of sunflower-mungbean intercropping system at different planting geometry
2011
A field study to evaluate the bio-economic assessment of sunflower-mungbean intercropping system at different planting geometry was carried out at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during spring season 2009. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement having three replications. Sunflower hybrid (Hysun 33) and mungbean variety Azri-2006 was sown. The experiment was comprising treatment having factor A: planting geometry; P 1 (70cm single row planting ),P 2 (105/35 cm spaced paired row planting ), P 3 (175/35 cm four row planting) and factor B; intercropping I 1 ( sunflower alone),I 2 ( sunflower + mungbean. All the growth and yield components were significantly affected by the varying planting patterns and intercropping. Maximum value of achene yield (2891 kg ha -1 ) in case of intercropping treatments was obtained in the alone sowing of sunflower and in case of planting geometries maximum achene yield (3002 kg ha -1 ) was obtained in the treatment when sunflower was sown at 175/35 cm four rows apart sowing. The interactive effect of different planting patterns and intercropping show that maximum achene yield (3128 kg ha -1 ) was obtained in case of P 3 I 2. The maximum net benefit of Rs. 95995 (1130$) was obtained from the plots in which sunflower was sown at 175/35 cm four rows apart (P 3 I 2 ).