Selected Physiological Responses to Interval Training in the Enhancement of Physical Fitness (original) (raw)
Related papers
The benefits and physiological changes of high intensity interval training
UNIVERSA MEDICINA, 2019
Physical inactivity have been linked with many major non-communicable diseases and as many as 27.5% of adults globally are considered inactive. Physical activity has been proven to be beneficial in the prevention of many chronic diseases and may reduce the risk of premature death. High intensity interval training (HIIT) has been gaining popularity as a time-efficient alternative for regular exercise training. Current studies show that HIIT is more efficient in improving cardiorespiratory fitness, increasing insulin sensitivity and reducing blood pressure than moderate intensity continuous training (MICT). The advantage of HIIT in fat loss compared to MICT is still unclear, but HIIT might be more efficient in the obese population. The effect of HIIT on increasing aerobic fitness could be caused by increase in stroke volume due to the increase in cardiac contractility, capillary density and mitochondrial adaptation. Fat loss during HIIT could be caused by increased fat oxidation and elevated hormones that drive lipolysis and reduce appetite. While vigorous physical activity may transiently increase the risk of cardiac events. The effect of HIIT on increasing aerobic fitness could be caused by increase in stroke volume due to the increase in cardiac contractility, increased of capillary density and mitochondrial adaptation. While fat loss during HIIT could be caused by an increased fat oxidation, elevated hormones that drives lipolysis and reduces appetite. While vigorous physical activity may transiently increase the risk of cardiac event. High intensity interval training is generally safe even in the elderly population and in people with coronary heart disease.
Effect of interval and continuous training on the athlete's aerobic fitness level
Effect of interval and continuous training on the athlete’s aerobic fitness level, 2019
The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of continuous and interval training on athlete's aerobic fitness level. To meet this objective experimental research design was used. For this study 30 middle and long distance athletes were selected as a subject from 50 Birihan athletics project athletes comprehensively. All these athletes were divided into two different groups (i.e., continuous group (CG) and interval group (EG)) based on their pretest results. To see the effect of these training methods and to analyze whether there is a significant different between athlete's pre and post aerobic fitness test results after 12 weeks intervention paired sample t test was employed. And also, to compare difference between the two groups on athlete's aerobic fitness level an independent sample t-test with an alpha value of .05 was employed. Furthermore, to examine the magnitude of observed differences between groups, effect sizes (Cohen's d) were calculated. Finally, Results in this study showed that interval training group showed significant improvements in all three aerobic fitness level tests better than continuous training group. I.e., in Astrand treadmill test the mean VO2max score of interval group was 76.81 and 68.44 for continuous group with P = .032; in 2.4 Km run test the mean time for interval group was 0:07:21 and 0:08:05 for continuous group with P = .017; in 20m beep incremental test the mean result for interval group was 17.74 and 15.93 for continuous group, P = .045. Then, it was concluded that interval training method was beneficial in improving athlete's aerobic fitness level than continuous training method.
Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research, 2016
Introduction: Endurance is a key requirement for overall physical fitness and most other organised sports. Coaches have different favourite methods to train for endurance, and jury is divided on which is the best of them. Aim: This study aims to compare the effects of two popular methods of endurance training, High Intensity Interval Training and Slow Continuous Training. Hypothesis: High Intensity Interval Training provides better gain in endurance than Slow Continuous Training in untrained adult male over a six week training protocol. Methods: During the period 2010-2013, 238 young adult healthy male volunteers were randomly divided into HIIT and SCT groups. Both groups were provided supervised training as per protocol given below. Each session additionally incorporated warm up and cool down. HIIT: 03 sessions/ week for 06 weeks at velocity equal to maximum velocity achieved in pre experiment beep test, with Training/Active rest in ratio of 1:1 (30s/30s), 05 reps per set, 04 sets per session with 03 min rest between sets SCT: 05 sessions of 30 min each per week for 06 weeks, at velocity equal to 60-70% of maximum velocity achieved in pre experiment beep test Endurance using beep test was measured just before administering the experimental protocols, at 3 weeks interval and upon conclusion of study at 6 weeks. VO2max was calculated using VO2max calculator provided at the official website http://www.thebeeptest.com/calculator.htm. The results were compared for statistical significance. Results: Mean pre test VO2max levels of both HIIT and SCT were comparable (34.29mL/kg vs 37.12mL/kg). After three weeks of training, HIIT group showed higher enhancement in VO2max (13.87% vs 8.76%) than SCT group. After six weeks of training, HIIT group continued to have higher gain in VO2max (20.75% vs 15.19%) than SCT group. The study shows that High Intensity Interval Training provides superior gain in endurance than Slow Continuous Training. Conclusion: High Intensity Interval Training provides superior gain in aerobic capacity than Slow Continuous Training over 6 weeks of training using lesser training time.
Effects of High Intensity Interval Training on Physiological Variables of University Students
Advances in Applied Physiology
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on university students' physiological variables. 40 male sports science students with an age range between 18-25 years were randomly assigned to the HIIT group (n=20) and control (C) group (n=20). The experiment group underwent eight weeks of HIIT, whereas, C group do not. Pre and posttest measurements of physiological variables like resting heart rate (RHR), respiratory rate (RR), recovery heart rate (RcHR), breath holding time (BHT), VO 2 max and blood pressure BP) were made for all subjects before and after the intervention. To compare the mean physiological variables between the experiment and control groups, an independent sample t-test was employed. The statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Following the exercise intervention, the experiment group shows significantly better improvements than the control group in, RHR, RR, BHT, VO 2 max, and systolic blood pressure (p<0.05). Thus, it was concluded that eight weeks of HIIT show a significant improvement in the physiological variables of university students.
High Intensity Interval Training: Cardiorespiratory Adaptations, Metabolic and Performance
2015
High Intensity Interval Training (IT) involves repeating maximum and/or supramaximal sprints for short and/or long periods (≥ 90 – 120% of the maximum oxygen consumption speed [vVO2max]; ≥ the Maximal Lactate Steady State [MLSS]) separated by recovery periods, which may be passive or by performing exercises in moderate intensity (passive and active pausing, respectively). However, such cardiorespiratory, metabolic, morphological, and performance adaptations depend on manipulating acute variables which guide the continuous training process, including volume, intensity, different times and types of recovery between series, and weekly training schedule. With this in mind, the study aimed to review and discuss various results investigating the effects of TI in cardiorespiratory, metabolic, and performance parameters in athletes and physically active individuals. The most relevant original scientific studies as of September, 2015, were analyzed, using the following databases: Science Cit...
European Journal of Sport Science, 2018
High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) can be performed with different effort to rest time-configurations, and this can largely influence training responses. The purpose of the study was to compare the acute physiological responses of two HIIT and one moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) protocol in young men. A randomised cross-over study with 10 men [age, 28.3 ± 5.5years; weight, 77.3 ± 9.3 kg; height, 1.8 ± 0.1 m; peak oxygen consumption (VO 2 peak), 44 ± 11 mL.kg −1 .min −1 ]. Participants performed a cardiorespiratory test on a treadmill to assess VO 2 peak, velocity associated with VO 2 peak (vVO 2 peak), peak heart rate (HRpeak) and perceived exertion (RPE). Then participants performed three protocols equated by distance: Short HIIT (29 bouts of 30s at vVO 2 peak, interspersed by 30s of passive recovery, 29 min in total), Long HIIT (3 bouts of 4 min at 90% of vVO 2 peak, interspersed by 3 min of recovery at 60% of vVO 2 peak, 21 min in total) and MICT (21 min at 70% of vVO 2 peak). The protocols were performed in a randomised order with ≥48 h between them. VO 2 , HRpeak and RPE were compared. VO 2 peak in Long HIIT was significantly higher than Short HIIT and MICT (43 ± 11 vs 32 ± 8 and 37 ± 8 mL.kg −1 .min −1 , respectively, P < 0.05), as well as peak HR (181 ± 10 vs 168 ± 8 and 167 ± 11, respectively, P < 0.05), and RPE (17 ± 4 vs 14 ± 4 and 15 ± 4, respectively, P < 0.05), with no difference between Short HIIT and MICT. In conclusion, Long HIIT promoted higher acute increases in VO 2 , HR and RPE than Short HIIT and MICT, suggesting a higher demand on the cardiorespiratory system. Short HIIT and MICT presented similar physiologic and perceptual responses, despite Short HIIT being performed at higher velocities.
Effects of low intensity interval training on physiological variables of university students
Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports
Background and Study Aim. This study was to investigate the effects of low-intensity interval training on the physiological variables of university students. Material and Methods. Forty male sports science students aged 18-25 years were randomly assigned to the Experimental group (n=20) and the Control group (n=20). The Experimental group underwent low-intensity interval training for eight weeks, whereas the Control group did not. Measurements of physiological variables such as resting heart rate, respiratory rate, recovery heart rate, breath-hold time, maximal oxygen uptake, and blood pressure were obtained for all subjects before and after the intervention. To compare the mean physiological variables between the experimental and control groups, an independent samples t-test was used. Results. Statistical significance was set at p 0.05. After the training intervention, the experimental group showed significantly better improvements than the control group in resting heart rate, resp...
The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training in Improving Aerobic Capacity
Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Sports, Health, and Physical Education, ISMINA 2021, 28-29 April 2021, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, 2021
There are many kinds of exercise that can be used to improve aerobic capacity including High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT). The main purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of HIIT in improving aerobic capacity. This was a quantitave research with non randomized control groups pretest posttest design. This research was conducted at 30 male college students. Group 1 (15 players) was given high intensity of HIIT using V drill, 20m yard square, squirm, 40 yard lateral shuffle, 10 cone snake drill, 40 yard sprint for eight weeks period with frequency three times a week. Group 2 (15 players) was given a convensional exercise. Instrument of this research was multistage fitness test. Paired sample t test was used to analyze data. The result of this research seem that there was a significant improved of aerobic capacity after being given high intensity of HIIT. The conclusion can be stated that HIIT has improved aerobic capacity significantly.
2020
This study aimed to verify the chronic effects of interval training (IT) with different intensities in the hemodynamic, autonomic, and cardiorespiratory variables of physically active older people. Twenty-four physically active older men (age: 68.8 ± 6.8 years, body mass: 74.4 ± 18.1 kg, height: 170 ± 8 m, body mass index: 25.1 ± 2.2 kg / m²) participated in the study. Participants were randomized into three experimental groups: training group A (TGA, n = 8), training group B (TGB, n = 8), and control group (GC, n = 8). TGA and TGB groups performed 32 training sessions separated by a 48-hour interval. TGA showed 4-min with intensity relative to 55 to 60% of the HRmax and 1-min at 70 to 75% of the HRmax. TGB training group performed the same protocol but performed 4-min at 45 to 50% HRmax and 1-min at 60 to 65% HRmax. Both training groups performed each series for six times, totaling 30-min per session. The evaluations were carried out in the pre (baseline) moments after the 16th and...
The study aimed to know the effect of interval training on the indicators of aerobic capacity, and knowing the existence of variances between the change parentages of these capabilities after the training, as that the researcher supposed that there are variances with statistical significance between pre and post measurement in aerobic capabilities after interval training, and according to the nature of the research that depends on experimental method, it has been chosen a sample research non randomly which include twenty four players from the team of Widad Mostaganem under the age of nineteen that they underwent to the training program with interval method for eight weeks which contains three quotas in the week, while the pre and post tests have conducted in order to measure their capabilities aerobic, as the results showed the existence of variances with statistical significance between pre and post measurement for the research sample and in favor of post-test, as that they showed the existence of variances with statistical significance between the change parentages of aerobic capabilities for maximum aerobic speed and anaerobic threshold.So we conclude that the interval training improved aerobic capabilities by increasing the (VO2MAX, VAM,AT and FCMAX )and the greatest influence be into the anaerobic threshold(AT) and the maximal aerobic speed(MAS) . Key Words: interval training, Maximum oxygen uptake, maximal aerobic speed, aerobic threshold