Conversational Maxims and Implicature in Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel and Zulu Sofola's Wedlock of the gods (original) (raw)
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J-Lalite: Journal of English Studies
This study aimed to analyze the use of flouted conversational maxims found in “A Clean, Well-lighted Place” short story by Ernest Hemingway. This is qualitative research with content analysis research design. The results of the study reveal two main findings. First, from the total data of 50, 27 (54%) data contain the flouted conversational maxims. The highest frequency of flouting is found in the maxim of relevance in which there are 11 data (40.74%) and 4 data (14.81%) represent the lowest frequency which is the flouting of the maxim of manner. The number of flouting in the maxim of quantity and quality is 7 (25.93%) and 5 (18.52%) respectively. Second, those maxims are flouted for certain reasons such as avoiding the speaker to be direct and impolite when talking about darkness and loneliness, being old and nothingness as the themes of the short story. By flouting the maxim of quality, the speaker tries to keep a secret. The speaker avoids responding to negative opinions or showi...
An Analysis of Maxims Flouting in “The Jungle Book” Movie Script
2017
This study is about an analysis of maxims flouting in the movie script of The Jungle Book . The aims of this study are to describe the flouted maxims and to describe the function of the maxims flouting. This study applied discourse analysis. The writers got the data from the movie script and used Grice’s theory called Cooperative Principles with the four types of maxims: maxim of quality, maxim of quantity, maxim of relation, and maxim of manner. The study presented that the most frequently fulfilled is maxim of quality, while least frequently is maxim of relation. Most frequently flouted by the characters is the flouting maxim of quantity, and then least frequent is flouting maxim of quality. The functions of flouting maxims used by the characters of flouting maxims were beneficial to avoid discomfort and to give more explanations (prolixity).
Conversational Strategies in Ola Rotimi's The gods Are Not to Blame
Studies in Literature and Language, 21(2), 64-75, 2020
This paper examined the conversational features used by characters through talk in Ola Rotimi's The gods Are not to Blame. Several studies have been carried out on Ola Rotimi's works but this study was motivated by the scanty scholarly studies on the conversational strategies used in the text. In order to bring out the features of conversation in the text, the text was critically read, and salient conversational features were identified. The features were interpreted according to the messages they expressed in the text. The findings revealed that conversational features such as monologue, turn taking, turn allocation, speech overlap, error and repair mechanism, adjacency pairs, and insertion sequence were used to generate different effects in the text. The study concludes that the conversational features employed by the author create orderliness and regulate participants' talk in the interaction towards actualising the thematic goals of the text. Thus, the study indicates that conversation analysis gives a deeper and better understanding of human utterances as portrayed through the characters in the text, thereby increasing the readers understanding of the text.
English Language and Literature
People sometimes fail to observe maxims so that is called flouting maxim. Grice in Cutting (2002) proposed four types of flouting maxim; they are flouting maxim of quantity, flouting maxim of quality, flouting maxim of relation and flouting maxim of manner. In general, people sometimes do an error communication due to several reasons. Besides that, an error communication is also found in movie script. In this study, the conversation in the movie script became the source of data, and the script of Hansel and Gretel the witch hunter movie was chosen. Additionally, the aim of this study is to find out the reasons for flouting maxim. And then, Leech’s theory is used to classify the reasons for flouting maxim. It is added by Khoravizadeh and Sadehvandi (2011), Goffman (2008) and Donerus (2005) who are conducted the theory of several reasons in flouting maxim. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data revealed 38 utterances. As a result, the dominant reason of flouting maxi...
The Analysis of Flouting of Conversational Maxims on the Main Characters in “ Moana” Movie
PROJECT (Professional Journal of English Education)
This study focuses to analise the flouting of conversational maxims which are found in Moana movie. The study uses mix method. There are four of maxims can be revealed. The first is maxim relevance. The reasons of maxim relevance are:“The Maui’s responses do not appropriate to Moana’s statements” and “Moana’s response does not appropriate to Maui’s statement”. The second is maxim manner.The reason of maxim manner are: “Moana’s statements do not clear”, “Maui’s response does not appropriate to Moana’s statement”, and “Maui’s statement does not clear”. The third is maxim quantity. The reasons of maxim quantity are: "The Maui’s responses do not appropriate to Moana’s statements”, “Moana’s responses do not appropriate to Maui’s statement”, “Maui’s statement is flouting the maxim”, and “Moana’s steatment is flouting the maxim”. The forth is maxim quality. The reason is “Maui’s responses contain lies”. that among 4 types of maxim in conversation between the main character, Moana and ...
Speakers' Communicative Intention in a Piece of Writing
Traduction et Langues , 2012
The aim of this paper is to highlight the distinction between what is said and what is meant, in a word the textual meaning and the contextual meaning. Hence, the author of this study tries to put a line of demarcation between semantics and pragmatics, taking into consideration the speaker's background and intention as well as the hearer's understanding of the same speech act produced. It also shows the difficulty of interpreting utterances in a real speech situation as well as in speeches in writing. A good example from Jane Eyre is given to illustrate the hypocritical religious man who allows for his own children what should definitely be forbidden for the orphans. Consequently, his speech act is expressed by a flagrant contradiction. Then a brief literature review explores Lehrer's scaling method about the similarities and the differences in meaning of language in context. Finally, this humble study argues that what is usually presented in literary texts is not always understood through its semantic meaning because it is never explicitly explained. Therefore, the reader should be aware of all factors even the interlocutors' degree of familiarity.
KnE Social Sciences, 2018
This paper elaborates the non observance of maxim occurred in the emerging popular chick literature written by the leading author of the genre; Ika Natassa. As one of the most-read genres amongst Indonesians literature lovers, the chick lit or in its Indonesian's derivation is called metropop, has given an exceptional punch line of readership and entrenched a solid interest for beginner readers to start reading literature. Chick Literature or metropop literature depicts the day to day anecdote of urban people mostly women which compelled the feeling of closeness to its readers. The conversations written in this genre brandish the snarky and witty colloquial which in linguistic point of view or particularly in Pragmatic, deserves an assay. The objectives of this paper are to figure out the most dominant types of non observance of maxims committed by the selected characters in the novel and to look over various situations and in what circumstances the selected characters committed the non observance of maxims. This result demonstrates that the most dominant non observance of maxims was flouting the maxim of Quantity, followed by the flouting of maxim of manner, maxim of quality and the least flouting maxim is maxim of relation. This study utilizes qualitative method where the data collection has been analyzed based on the conversational implicature theory.
Conversational Implicature in a Drama Script by Sid River
Jurnal Bahasa Lingua Scientia, 2019
The characters in a drama sometimes say implicitly so that what are said are different from what are meant. This study investigates conversational implicature in a drama script entitled "Sherlock Holmes and the Mystery of the Aquilla" by Sid River. The aim of the study was to find out what conversational maxims flouted to generate conversational implicature in the Sid River's drama script entitled "Sherlock Holmes and the Mystery of the Aquilla" were. The research design employed in this study was a descriptive qualitative research using Grice's theory. The results of the study showed that from 35 excerpts, 11 excerpts belonged to observing the maxims, and the other 24 excerpts belonged to non-observance of the maxims, especially flouting the maxims. The number of flouting the maxims of Quantity, Quality, Relation, and Manner respectively were 6, 20, 3, 3. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that the conversational maxims flouted in this drama script are maxims of Quantity, Quality, Relation, and Manner. Moreover, flouting the maxim of Quality mostly occurs while the least occurance is flouting the maxims of Relation and Manner. In other words, the characters in this drama script often say untruthful utterances.
2013
In order to communicate well with the readers, novel authors try to direct the readers to understand the general life stories of the novel. They sometimes insert some quotation or citation to complete or support their works. In line with that, Grice (2002) notices when people communicate in daily conversations, they often make their literal expression implied. Thus, the researcher found that a case of creating implicature by flouting maxims in spoken quotation words is used by the main characters in 5CM novel. This research was conducted to answer two research problems ; (1) What are the types of flouted maxim found in spoken quotation used by the main characters of 5CM novel?; (2) What are the implied meanings of flouted maxims found in spoken quotation used by the main characters of 5CM novel?. Those research problems had purposes to find out the types of flouting maxims and to describe the implied meanings of flouted maxims found in spoken quotation used by the main charac...
An Analysis of Flouting Maxims in "The Magician's Elephant" Movie 2023
Annals of Human and Social Sciences, 2024
Communication is an important part of our lives and there are certain rules of communication to be followed in order to avoid any misinterpretation. This study focuses on four maxims based on Grice's cooperative principle, given by H.P. Grice in his 1975 theory. The main objective is to find the characters who are flouting the Grice maxims in their conversations or dialogues. Conversational maxims affect our social interaction and flouting of these maxims can lead to false interpretation of intended meaning. This study will enhance better understanding of using maxims in daily life and how one can avoid flouting of these maxims to refrain oneself from being judged on the basis of wrong interpretations. The research is based on the descriptive-qualitative method. The data for this research was taken from the script of the movie. The researchers have collected the data from the movie in the form of dialogue and analysed the four maxims. The findings imply that the maxims are flouted 39 times in the movie. The maxim of quantity was flouted 10 times, or 25%. The maxim of quality was flouted 10 times, or 25%. The maxim of manner was flouted 10 times, or 25%. The maxim of relevance was flouted seven times, or 23%. The most influential maxim flouted is the maxim of quantity. This study reveals that conversations play a vital role in our lives, as it is evident from the results that, due to the flouting of the maxim of quality and quantity, the message was not conveyed in a meaningful way. In order to avoid such ambiguities, one should follow the maxims of Grice to delve into an appropriate conversation.