Correlations of hippocampal atrophy and focal low-frequency magnetic activity in Alzheimer disease: volumetric MR imaging-magnetoencephalographic study (original) (raw)

Magnetization transfer ratio in Alzheimer disease: comparison with volumetric measurements

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 2007

Alzheimer disease (AD) is accompanied by macroscopic atrophy on volumetric MR imaging. A few studies have also demonstrated reduction in magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), suggesting microstructural changes in remaining brain tissue. This study assessed the value of measuring MTR in addition to volumetric MR in differentiating patients with AD from control subjects. Volumetric T1-weighted images and 3D MTR maps were obtained from 18 patients with AD and 18 age-matched control subjects. Whole-brain (WB) and total hippocampal (Hc) volumes were measured using semiautomated techniques and adjusted for total intracranial volume. Mean MTR was obtained for WB and in the Hc region. Histogram analysis was performed for WB MTR. Among patients, associations between volumetric and MTR parameters and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were explored. Patients with AD had significantly reduced WB volume (P<.0001) and mean WB MTR (P=.002) and Hc volume (P<.0001) and Hc mean MTR (P<....

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Magnetoencephalographic Estimation of Delta Dipole Density: A Combination of Techniques That May Contribute to the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 2005

Whole-head magnetoencephalographic recordings were obtained from 10 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and 10 healthy controls in a resting position. Spectroscopic examinations were performed by means of a 1.5-tesla whole-body scanner in the temporoparietal regions of both hemispheres. The relationship between 1H-MRS-based and magnetoencephalography (MEG)-based measures and their conjoined capability to improve the diagnosis of AD were investigated in this study. Logistic regression analyses were performed. Three separated logistic models were calculated for 1H-MRS-based metabolites, low-frequency magnetic activity, and the combination of both measures. A combined myoinositol/N-acetyl aspartate (mI/NAA)-delta dipole density (DD) model predicted the diagnosis with 90% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Additionally, the combination of temporoparietal mI/NAA and delta DD values explained the variability of individuals’ cognitive status. The results support the notion that a multidi...

Biomagnetic biomarkers for dementia: A pilot multicentre study with a recommended methodological framework for magnetoencephalography

Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring, 2019

IntroductionAn increasing number of studies are using magnetoencephalography (MEG) to study dementia. Here we define a common methodological framework for MEG resting‐state acquisition and analysis to facilitate the pooling of data from different sites.MethodsTwo groups of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 84) and healthy controls (n = 84) were combined from three sites, and site and group differences inspected in terms of power spectra and functional connectivity. Classification accuracy for MCI versus controls was compared across three different types of MEG analyses, and compared with classification based on structural MRI.ResultsThe spectral analyses confirmed frequency‐specific differences in patients with MCI, both in power and connectivity patterns, with highest classification accuracy from connectivity. Critically, site acquisition differences did not dominate the results.DiscussionThis work provides detailed protocols and analyses that are sensitive to cogni...

Quantitative MR evaluation of atrophy, as well as perfusion and diffusion alterations within hippocampi in patients with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment

Medical science monitor: international medical journal of experimental and clinical research

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate atrophy rates, perfusion, and diffusion disturbances within the hippocampus, which is the site of characteristic changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Material and Methods Thirty patients with AD (mean age 71.2 yrs) - 34 with MCI (mean age 67.7 yrs) and 20 healthy controls (mean age 68.1 yrs) - underwent structural MR examination followed by perfusion and diffusion-weighted imaging on a 1.5 T scanner. Visual rating of hippocampal atrophy, planimetric measurements of hippocampal formation (HF) and perihippocampal fluid spaces (PFSs), and values of relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were assessed. The results were correlated with the MMSE scores. Results In AD we found decreased size of HF and increased diameters of PFSs and ADC values, compared to MCI and control group. Compared to normal controls, the MCI group showed decreased HF size and increased dia...