New Temples and New Solomons: The Rhetoric of Byzantine Architecture (original) (raw)

The Byzantine Presence on the Temple Mount

The paper presents the Byzantine pilgrimage accounts which reveal the Byzantines identified the Jerusalem temple mount as "the Praetorium," with two Christian churches having been built there--the Church of St. Sophia and the Church of Our Blessed Lady, the former having been built over a large, square rock and the latter at the site of the Al-Aqsa Mosque, where a Byzantine mosaic was found by R.W. Hamilton. On the other hand, the sources identify the temple ruins with features consistent with the southeastern hill, such as Mount Zion, the waters of Shiloah, Eudocia's east city wall, a crypt or cave, and the two pools of Shiloam.

From the Foundations to the Crenellations. Essays on Temple Building in the Ancient Near East and Hebrew Bible. Alter Orient und Altes Testament, Vol. 366. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag.

From the Foundations to the Crenellations. Essays on Temple Building in the Ancient Near East and Hebrew Bible, 2010

This collection of studies on temple building honors Richard Ellis. The first part explores the richness of textual evidence in Ancient Near East cultures: among others Sumerian, Babylonian, Assyrian, Elamite, Hittite, Achaemenid. The second part is devoted to various passages of the Hebrew Bible dealing with the building of temples: among others, the building of the First Temple, the Chronicler’s Temple Building account, temple reform in Ezekiel, and the instructions for building the tabernacle in Exodus 25ff. The volume is supplemented by an extensive collection of short descriptions of ancient Near Eastern and Biblical Hebrew texts dealing with temple building and will thus serve as a comprehensive and useful reader.

Herod’s Temple: An Ornament to the Empire

Jewish Architecture, 2019

Titus, however, declared that, even were the Jews to mount it and ght there from, he would not wreak vengeance on inanimate objects instead of men, nor under any circumstances burn down so magni cent a work [the Jerusalem temple]; for the loss would a fect the Romans, inasmuch as it would be an ornament to the empire if it stood. , War, 6.241 ∵ In 1966 the great Israeli archaeologist and historian, Michael Avi-Yonah unveiled his model of Jerusalem during the years leading up to the destruction of the city by the armies of Vespasian and Titus in 70. . (Figs. 3.1, 4.1). It is a spectacular model, representing a city that the Roman geographer Pliny the Elder (d. 79) described as "the most famous city in the East," largely on account of its Temple. A century or so later rabbis taught wistfully that "whoever has never seen Jerusalem in her glory has never seen a beautiful city" and that that "whoever has never seen the temple of Herod has never seen a beautiful

The Architectural Analysis of Tabernacle, Temples I and II

Architectural and Urban History and Historiography, 2015

Brenner (2008) defines Judaism as a religion focused community that was forced to migrate, settle in different geographies and lives under different sovereignties, beginning with the exile of Babylonian, rather than a particular ethnic group living in their homeland. In addition to that definition, Jewish identity is also a commitment to the common past, which includes the idea of the Temple. It began with the Tabernacle that epitomizes Judaism with sociocultural phenomena. Besides, the Tabernacle and the Temples’ architectural features and their spatial provisions have been very significant to the history of architecture as well as Jewish architecture. Them being the first worshipping place for monotheistic religions acted as a model for the forthcoming spaces such as cathedrals, even mosques. In this context, this paper is an analysis of the Tabernacle and the Temples, which were the architectural and socio-cultural symbols of Judaism. Due to the lack of physical traces or excavations, the spatial analysis for these places was performed by the architectural readings from the Torah, the Pentateuch and the Talmud. It is supported with some illustrations that have been produced by several artists, historians or architects.

Aspects of the impact of Christian art and architecture on synagogues in Byzantine Palestine

2002

This thesis examines the relationship between Jews and Christians in the Holy Land from the age of Constantine the Great to the conquest of the eastern provinces by the Arabs from an archaeological viewpoint. At stake is a better understanding of how Jews adapted to changing times, particularly during the rise of Christianity in Palestine. Whereas earlier scholars have viewed the growth of the Byzantine empire as time of persecution toward the Jews, a re-evaluation of the archaeological evidence indicates that Jews prospered along with their Christian neighbors. In scope, this dissertation aims first to re-evaluate how many ancient building remains can be classified as synagogues, and how many of those can be accurately dated. For only after a solid body of archaeological research is firmly established can further progress be made toward our better understanding of the ancient world. Diversity in contemporaneous synagogue layouts, rather than a linear development throughout this p...

Asher Selig KAUFMAN, The Temple of Jerusalem. Part I: Tractate Middot, Har Ye'ra'eh Press, Jerusalem 1991, 102 and viii pp., cloth, n.pr. ISBN 965 379 0013 (Hebrew

Journal for The Study of Judaism, 1992

According to Josephus and Acts of the New Testament, there was a way down (a staircase) from the Tower of Antonia to the Temple precincts. The reconstruction of the staircase proposed here in accordance with Herodian architecture is based upon the existence of surface-rock in the form of an arc of a circle. If this reconstruction is correct, the Tower of Antonia would have extended into the north-western corner of the Temple area. Of greater significance, the stoai of the outer court of the Temple precincts would have abutted on the staircase, as indeed, is in keeping with Josephus' Jewish War V.243 (V.v.8).