Aluminum in Periodic Table (original) (raw)

Aluminum (Al) or alumium, chemical element, silvery-white, lustrous, low melting, soft metal of Group 13 (IIIA) or boron family of the periodic table uses widely in our everyday life. Aluminum is the most abundant metallic element in the earth's crust (8 percent by weight) and the third most abundant chemical element after oxygen and silicon. Aluminum differs from the first member of Group 13 (boron) due to its chemical properties, high reactivity, and cationic chemistry in an aqueous solution. It combines most of the nonmetallic elements like nitrogen, sulfur, halogens, and intermetallic aluminum compounds with a large number of metals. The face-centered cubic crystal lattice (fcc), aluminum has the chemical symbol Al, atomic number 13, atomic weight 26.928, melting point 660 °C, boiling point 2467°C , density 2.70 gm/cm , and electron configuration 1s 2s 2p 3s. The name aluminum coming from the Latin word alumen, which describe the aluminum potassium sulfate, KAl(SO) , 12H O. The common oxidation number or states of metal +1. +2 and +3. Due to decreases of lattice energy with increasing size of cation 3 2 2 6 3 4 2 2