Quality Assessment of Borehole and Sachet Water Samples in Kaduna South Metropolis (original) (raw)
Related papers
Assessment of Water Quality of Borehole Water in Albasu Local Government Area, Kano State, Nigeria
2017
It was estimated that the need of water increases globally due to constant increase in population. Water samples Water samples collected from boreholes located in six wards in Albasu town were assessed for some physio-chemical parameters on collection and after one week of storage using standard analytical methods. Furthermore the quality indices were determined for the water samples on collection and after one day of storage. The parameters determined include temperature, turbidity, suspended solids, total dissolved solids, conductivity, pH, nitrate-nitrogen, phosphates, chlorides, alkalinity and E-coli bacteria. After comparing the result obtained with WHO (2011) standards for portable water, it was confirmed it within the standard. It was concluded that the water is safe for drinking.
2015
The suitability of water for human consumption is based on but not limited to its general physiochemical parameters. This study assessed the physicochemical quality of borehole (i.e. groundwater), in Kolokuma/Opokuma LGA (KOLGA), Bayelsa state, Nigeria. Treated borehole water samples, as well as their respective untreated counterpart were randomly collected from domestic boreholes in KOLGA. The samples were similarly analyzed for some physicochemical parameters using standard analytical methods. Results showed that there was significant difference (P < 0.05), between treated and untreated water as well as amongst all monitored parameters. Generally lead, copper and mercury were not detected in any of the samples, while traced level of zinc, cadmium and chromium were only detected in some untreated samples. Notwithstanding, after treatment arsenic and iron levels decreased from 0.011 - 0.135 in untreated water to 0.00 - 0.033 mg/l in treated water and 3.063 - 4.753 to 0.00 - 0.01...
Assessment of borehole water quality in Yola-Jimeta Metropolis, Nigeria
This study investigates the chemical concentration of borehole water in Yola-Jimeta Metropolis so as to assess their suitability for domestic use. Water samples were collected from twenty-two boreholes, one sample from each of the twenty-two administrative wards (Wards are the lowest political units in Nigeria) in the metropolis. Samples were analyzed in the laboratory using standard guideline procedures suggested by American Public Health Association (APHA). Eleven contamination indicators were tested and results obtained were compared with chemical guideline values for drinking water provided by World Health Organisation (2011) and Standard Organisation of Nigeria (2007). The study reveals that chloride (Cl-), iron (Fe++), nitrate (NO3 -), pH, sodium (Na+) and total hardness (CaCO3) are the main sources of borehole water contamination in the study area. This has health implications that include hypertensions and heart and kidney diseases which are on the increase in the region. Poor sanitary condition and intensive use of inorganic fertilizer are implicated as sources of contaminants. We therefore suggest the setting up of water sanitary agencies that will monitor and regulate health based targets of water quality at ward levels.
HEAVY METAL LEVELS AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF POTABLE WATER IN NNEWI, ANAMBRA STATE NIGERIA
Ten water samples from six randomly selected boreholes, three natural spring water and one sachet water from Nnewi in Nnewi North Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria were collected. Physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals were determined using standard analytical procedures. The result of the physico-chemical analysis were obtained in the following range; pH (6.38-7.42), temperature (23-26 0 C), conductivity (30.22-222.22 µS/cm), sodium (0.46-23.00mg/l), potassium (0.07-2.49mg/l), chloride (15.57-36.03mg/l), alkalinity (20-110mg/l) and hardness (45-275mg/l). The concentration of heavy metals (mg/l) in the samples were found within the following range; Pb (0.02-0.08), Fe (0.02-0.06), Cu (0.03-0.07), and Zn (ND-0.07). Cadmium was not detected in any of the water samples. Apart from lead that was found to be higher than the recommended limit for drinking water by World Health Organisation, all other results obtained were within the recommended limit.
Assessment of Public Boreholes Water Quality in Maiduguri Metropolis
In this study, the quality analysis of borehole water from various locations in Maiduguri metropolitan was investigated to determine the condition of groundwater in the Council following recent influx of people with resultant increase in human activities. Water samples were collected from boreholes at five different locations viz Bolori, Gwange, Shehuri, Kyarimi park and Bulunkutu. The locations were selected based on operational offices as stipulated and designed by Borno State Water Board (BSWB) within the city. The pH, EC, and TDS of the water samples were analysed using combined pH/EC/TDS combo (Hanna instrument) Model HI 98130 while bacteriological analysis was conducted according to American Public Health Association. The results show that the pH of ground water in all the five locations ranged between 6.56 and 7.12 which was within World Health Organization (WHO) standard for drinkable water. Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the samples ranged from 128±0.42 to 168±0.47 (µs/cm) and was within the WHO standard for drinkable water of 1200μs/cm. Also, turbidity ranged from 1.13 to 1.35 NTU while total dissolved solid (TDS) was ranged from 85 to 121 mg/L and were all within the stipulated limits. In addition, the alkalinity values of the samples ranged from 89 mg/L for Gwange area which showed that, it was WHO complaint while 150±65.6 mg/L was recorded in Bulunkutu area which was above the prescribed limit of 150 mg/L. Furthermore, the concentration of Mg ranged from (1.01 to 7.53 mg/L), Ca (7.53 to 16.05), while Iron (Fe) was detected only in one borehole in Shehuri (0.25 mg/L) whereas Chloride was ranged from (13.4 to 25.5 mg/L). Interestingly, they were found to be within the stipulated WHO standards. The Biological quality of water from Gwange (S3) and Bolori (S1) showed that the concentration of E-coli was the same, 13× 103cfu/100ml while that of Bulunkutu (S3) was 3×103 cfu/100ml respectively. These values are above the maximum permissible limit 0 cfu/100ml of E-coli for drinking water. Therefore, borehole water obtained from some locations in Maiduguri might require some level of treatments before use for domestic purposes.
International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology
The levels of some physicochemical parameters and some selected heavy metals from boreholes and wells water were assessed in Dutse District area of Jigawa. Samples were collected randomly from different sampling sites and were analyzed using standard methods of analysis. The result shows that pH had a mean level of 7.8 + 1.45, conductivity mean level was 532.4 + 28.64 MSCM-1. The mean total hardness was 160.5 + 0.7, Turbidity had a mean level of 1.7 + 0.22 NTU, chloride had a mean level of 69.91 + 21mg/l and total dissolve solid TDS had a mean of 292.9 + 21.14mg/l. heavy metals analyzed include copper, chromium, lead, nicked and zinc using Hitachi Z – 8100 Atomic absorption spectrometer and their mean levels are 0.31 + 0.2mg/l, 0.11+ 0.01mg/l, 0.14 + 0.007mg/l, 0.20 + 0.007mg/l and 0.09 + 0.002mg/ls respectively. The result indicates that the physicochemical parameters and the heavy metals are within the maximum allowable levels set by WHO and NDWQS 2011.
Journal of Environmental Science Studies, 2018
The quality of water used for domestic purposes from three boreholes in Wudil Local Government (KUST Wudil, Unguwar Danya and Unguwar Fulani) was analyzed and assessed for a period of five weeks using standard methods of sampling and laboratory analysis. Parameters tested include pH dissolved oxygen (DO), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), nitrate ion (NO3), conductivity, hardness, temperature total dissolved solids (TDS) and turbidity. Results showed that there are significant differences between the different wards. However, a one way ANOVA conducted reveals significant difference (p < 0.05) between the different sites and physicochemical parameters. It is therefore recommended that government should be more effective in controlling the point source of pollution in the area.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF BOREHOLE WATER IN GWAGWALADA AREA COUNCIL ABUJA, NIGERIA Published byGLOBAL JOURNAL OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES , 2022
The assumption that borehole water is safe for drinking purpose was verified by empirical study of the physicochemical properties of borehole water in Gwagwalada Area Council Abuja, Nigeria. The physico-chemical properties of borehole water were anaysed and compared with regulatory standards for drinking purpose. Fifteen samples were collected from five purposely selected wards (Dobi, Ibwa, Tungan-Maje, Zuba and Ikwa) in the study area. The selections of the wards were based on heavy reliance on borehole water for drinking. Three borehole water samples were spatially collected from each of the five selected wards. The water samples were stored in 75cl plastic bottles pre-cleaned with distilled water and rinsed with the sample water. Each sample was labeled with the name of the ward and transported to the laboratory for analysis. Data were analyzed using range and mean. Result showed that water sample were slight acidic (6.83) to slight alkalinity (7.86) EC was low and ranged from 132-184µS/cm 3 , TDS 1.4-3.1Mg/l, turbidity 0.36-71NTU, Total hardness 6.12-19.72Mg/l, Chloride (Cl-)1.03-16.86Mg/l, Fe 0.08-0.72Mg/l, Zn 0.021-0.051Mg/l, Cr 0.016-0.086Mg/l, Cd 0.001-0.009Mg/l and Mn from 0.002-0.009Mg/l. Some sample fell short of regulatory standards in terms of EC and FE. However, most water samples are safe for drinking purpose. Treatment of sources that fell short of standard before drinking was recommended.
American Journal of Agricultural Science, Engineering, and Technology
This research was carried out in response to the recent increase in the availability of underground water (borehole) as major sources of drinking water in kaura Namoda, Zamfara state, Nigeria. The aim of this research work was to assess the level of heavy metals pollution in the selected underground water. Twenty borehole water samples (BW1–BW20) were collected from selected area in kaura Namoda from month of March to April, 2022. Acid digestion and AAS were used for sample preparation and analysis respectively. the results obtained, shows that the average concentration value of Cd, Zn, Mn, Pb, and Fe are within the permissible limit of WHO and NSDW value except concentration of Pb 0.023±0.007, 0.021±0.008, 0.018±0.002, 0.020±0.006 and 0.016±0.001 mg/L in BW 3, 9, 11, 18 and 20 respectively which were above permissible limit for lead (0.01mg/L) and value obtained in BW 6, 8, 12, 16 and 17 for Fe are 0.821±0.004, 0.703 ± 0.431, 0.808± 0.006, 0.592± 0.103, 1.056±0.271 mg/L respectivel...
Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research, 2020
Water quality index and heavy metal contents of underground water sources in Doma Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria was assessed to ascertain the suitability of the water for domestic purpose. Physicochemical parameters; temperature, turbidity, TDS, TSS, pH, EC, total hardness, alkalinity, chloride, nitrate and sulphates in the water samples were determined using standard methods of analysis. The water quality index (WQI) was also evaluated using known standard method. The heavy metal contents were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. The results of the physicochemical analyses shows that in borehole and hand dug well water, the respective mean values were temperature (27.11±0.45 and 27.41±0.55 °C), turbidity (1.51±0.54 and 2.56±1.04 NTU), TDS (230.00±87.75 and 358.67±91.46 mg/dm3), TSS (3.64±1.25 and 4.17±4.17 mg/dm3), pH (5.63±0.69 and 6.60±0.95), EC 277.16 and 296.29±26.52 µS/cm), total hardness (90.00±15.55 and 125.13±16.33 mg/dm3), alkalini...