Review on antimicrobial applications of silver nanoparticles and use of plant extracts for its synthesis (original) (raw)
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Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Plant Based Silver Nanoparticles - A Review
Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications, 2020
Nanotechnology is an exciting and influential world of manufacturing nanoparticles that find varied medicines, bacterial studies, wastewater treatment, and many more applications. This review paper aims to review the synthesis of silver nanoparticles from horticultural sources and evaluate special applications causing a considerable impact on the environment. Conventionally silver nanoparticles are produced by various chemical and physical processes. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles offers alternative methods, where plant extract can be used instead of harmful chemicals. Among various nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles possess unique antibacterial and antiviral properties make them superior to other nanoparticles. The green chemistry approach for synthesizing silver nanomaterials is environmentally friendly, benign, and gaining wide popularity. Enzymes, proteins, phytochemicals, phytochelatin, and vitamins are biomolecules found in plant extracts. In the process of biosynthesis of AgNPs, plant extracts act as good reducing, capping agents.. Biomolecules help reduce and stabilize the process of silver nanoparticles. The biomolecules enhance the yield process of biosynthesis of AGNP. This review highlights a summary of silver nanoparticle biosynthesis and their antibacterial activity. Silver nanoparticles is a multidisciplinary area that has gained focus from researchers of diverse areas from science, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and materials engineering due to their morphologies and composition. Various physical and chemical techniques for synthesis include biological methods, chemical reduction, electron irradiation, gamma irradiation, laser ablation, microwave processing, and photochemical methods. The authors have attempted to compile the reported studies regarding silver nanoparticle synthesis from plants and their specific antibacterial properties. This paper reviews various synthesis techniques from plant materials and medical applications of silver nanoparticles. An attempt is made to present the current state and future silver nanoparticle applications in general and antibacterial treatments in particular.
Metallic nanoparticles are being utilized in every phase of science along with engineering including medical fields and is still charming scientists to explore new dimensions for their respective worth which is generally attributed to their corresponding small sizes. The up-andcoming researches have proven their antimicrobial significance. Among several noble metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles have attained a special focus. Conventionally silver nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical method using chemicals as reducing agents which later on become accountable for various biological risks due to their general toxicity; engendering the serious concern to develop environment friendly processes. Thus, to solve the objective; biological approaches are coming up to fill the void; for instance green syntheses using biological molecules derived from plant sources in the form of extracts exhibiting superiority over chemical and/ or biological methods. These plant based biological molecules undergo highly controlled assembly for making them suitable for the metal nanoparticle syntheses. The present review explores the huge plant diversity to be utilized towards rapid and single step protocol preparatory method with green principles over the conventional ones and describe the antimicrobial activities of silver nanoparticles.
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Nanotechnology explores nanoscale materials that can be used in a wide range of industries such as biotechnology, cosmetics, drug delivery, nanomedicine, and biosensors. Nanoparticles in diverse shapes and sizes can be prepared through physical, chemical, and biological methods. The employment of reducing agents, which will change their form, size range, level of stability, and interaction, is a crucial part thus employing a biological approach is necessary. Chemically generated metal oxide nanoparticles raise considerable issues owing to the usage of hazardous and poisonous chemicals, as well as the potential for conservational impairment. In contrast, the production of silver nanoparticles using the principal method of green synthesis has found a special place in research that is considered more environmentally approachable requiring the use to produce non-toxic nanomaterials. Plants and polymer materials have received a lot of interest in the preparation of nanoparticles since th...
J. Chem. Bio. Phy. Sci. Sec. B, 2019
Nanotechnology introduced the concept of nanoparticles, which exhibit unique and remarkably different properties from their bulk materials. Chemical methods are widely used among various strategies of synthesizing nanoparticles. Green synthesis is utilized as a cost effective and environmentally friendly alternative to the chemical method of synthesizing nanoparticles. Plant mediated synthesis of the nanoparticles is recognized as most promising green synthesis method and researchers have paid closer attention to the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles due to their remarkable antimicrobial activity. The review focus on the recent studies and present the methodology used in bio-reduction of silver nitrate solution using plant extracts, methods used in characterization of synthesized nanoparticles, various antibacterial assays conducted and also giving a brief overview of the results obtained from them
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles from plant extracts and their antimicrobial application
International Journal of Biosciences (IJB)
Development of reliable and eco-friendly process for synthesis of nanoparticles is an important step in the field the of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology involves the tailoring of materials at the atomic level to attain unique properties, which can be suitably manipulated for the desired applications. Among them silver nanoparticles draw attention due to its unique physical, chemical and biological properties. Green principle route of synthesizing have emerged as alternative to overcome the limitation of conventional methods among which plant and microorganisms are majorly exploited. Employing plants towards synthesis of nanoparticles are emerging as advantageous compared to microbes with the presence of broad variability of bio molecules in plants can act as capping and reducing agents and thus increases the rate of reduction and stabilization of nanoparticles. This review focuses on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using various plant sources and its applications in cancer treatment. Generally surgery, chemotherapy and radiation treatment are the most prevalent therapeutic option for cancer. Unfortunately these treatments have various side effects due to lack of targeted delivery and cancer specificity. To overcome these limitations, nanoparticle could ensure targeted drug therapy having very little side effects. In this review focus is given to silver nanoparticle, synthesized from natural plant extracts, as it is cost effective, eco-friendly, stable and safe in cancer treatment.
Metallic nanoparticles are being utilized in every phase of science along with engineering including medical fields and are still charming the scientists to explore new dimensions for their respective worth which is generally attributed to their corresponding small sizes. The up-andcoming researches have proven their antimicrobial significance. Among several noble metal Antimicrobial nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles have attained a special focus. Conventionally silver nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical method using chemicals as reducing agents which later on become accountable for various biological risks due to their general toxicity; engendering the serious concern to develop environment friendly processes. Thus, to solve the objective; biological approaches are coming up to fill the void; for instance green syntheses using biological molecules derived from plant sources in the form of extracts exhibiting superiority over chemical and/or biological methods. These plant based biological molecules undergo highly controlled assembly for making them suitable for the metal nanoparticle syntheses. The present review explores the huge plant diversity to be utilized towards rapid and single step protocol preparatory method with green principles over the conventional ones and describes the antimicrobial activities of silver nanoparticles.
Antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized by using medicinal plants
Int. J. Chem. Tech. …, 2011
Biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (SNPs) are being widely using in the field of medicine. Extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was carried out by using medicinal plant extracts for the reduction of aqueous silver ions in short period. The silver nanoparticles formation was confirmed by the colour change of plant extracts (SNPs) and further confirmed with the help of UV-Vis spectroscopy. These Phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles were tested for antibacterial and antifungal activities using disc diffusion method. The test cultures are Proteus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Bacillus and E.coli species of bacteria and Aspergillus, Fusarium, Curvularia and Rhizopus species of fungal were used. The microbial property of silver nanoparticles was analyzed by measuring the inhibition zone. The silver nanoparticles synthesized from stem bark extracts of Boswellia and Shorea; and leaf extract of Svensonia. The SNPs synthesized from bark extracts of Boswellia ovalifoliolata and Shorea tumbuggaia showed toxic towards Klebsiella and Aspergillus; and Pseudomonas and Fusarium species respectively. Whereas the growth of Pseudomonas and Rhizopus species were inhibited maximum by the SNPs synthesized from leaf extract of Svensonia hyderobadensis, the results indicate that the silver nanoparticles may have an important advantage over conventional antibiotics.
2021
Nanotechnology is the modern research field which deals with design, synthesis and manipulation of particles structure range from 1-100nm in dimension. A nanoparticle is ultra-fine unit with dimension less than 100 nm (1 nm=10-9 meter).Because of their small size they have unique characteristics and their applications in various field such as medicines, engineering and environmental remediation. Nanoparticles can be prepared by various aapproaches like physical, chemical and biological .The biological approach is the emerging approach because it is easier than other methods. In this green synthesis aqueous solution of extract of Azadirathcha indica and AgNo3 were taken for study. The nanoparticles were prepared by using plant extract and silver metal ions. The nanoparticles were characterized by different spectral methods like UV, IR, DLS, SEM, XRD and Zeta analysis.
Interest in the biosynthesis of nanoparticles has increased in the last era by researchers. Nanoparticles have several applications in different fields like optoelectronics, magnetic devices, drug delivery, and sensors. Nanoparticle synthesis by green methods is safe for the environment and should be explored and encouraged popularly since various plants' have the high extent to form these nanoparticles. Worldwide, UV spectroscopy, Xray diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) besides Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) are used in many ways for characterize nanoparticles. The most advantageous use of AgNPs is their great attribution to be used as antimicrobial agents. Finally, concept of AgNPs synthesis is deserved to be the modern technical and medical concern. The current review shows a complete comprehensive and analytical survey of the biosynthesis of AgNPs with a particular focus on their activities as antimicrobials and the possible theories of their effect on the microbial cell and all influenced secondary metabolites.
Bioengineering
Aloe vera, Mentha arvensis (mint), Coriandrum sativum (coriander), and Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) leaf extracts were used to synthesize stable silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) by green chemistry. UV–vis spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy techniques were used to characterize these biosynthesized nanoparticles. The data indicated that the silver nanoparticles were successfully synthesized, and the narrower particle size distribution was at 10–22 nm by maintaining a specific pH. As a short-term post-sowing treatment, Ag-NP solutions of different sizes (10 and 50 ppm) were introduced to mung bean seedlings, and the overall increase in plant growth was found to be more pronounced at 50 ppm concentration. The antibacterial activity of Ag-NPs was also investigated by disc diffusion test, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentrati...