Enhancing sustainable electricity consumption in a large ecological reserve- based country: the role of democracy, ecological footprint, economic growth, and globalisation in Brazil (original) (raw)

Μοdeling Environmental Degradation: The Effects of Electricity Consumption, Economic Growth and Globalization.

International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2023

This study aims to explore the effects of electricity consumption, economic growth and globalization on CO2 emissions in the case of the top ten electricity consuming countries. The sample used is annual data covering the period 1990-2018. This paper adopts the cross-sections independence and controls the heterogeneity between cross-sections by using the second generation econometric of panel data. More precisely, the CIPS unit root test, Pedroni (1999) cointegration, Westerlund (2007) bootstrap cointegration, and FMOLS and DOLS techniques have been applied. Additionally, the Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) panel causality test is used to investigate the causal nexus among the examined variables. The findings of the study support that all variables are integrated in the long run. Electricity consumption and economic growth have a positive and significant effect on CO 2 emissions in these countries. On the other hand, globalization has a negative and significant effect on CO 2 emissions, implying the improvement of environmental quality. The results also support the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), as well as bidirectional causalities between economic growth and CO 2 emissions, between electricity consumption and CO 2 emissions, and between economic growth and globalization. Furthermore, unidirectional causalities running from globalization to CO 2 emissions, from economic growth to electricity consumption, and from electricity consumption to globalization are found. Policy implications are further discussed.

Ecological footprint, public-private partnership investment in energy, and financial development in Brazil: a gradual shift causality approach

Environmental Science Pollution Research, 2021

The present study assesses the effect of public-private partnerships in energy and financial development on Brazil's ecological footprint and also takes into account the role of renewable energy and economic growth using data spanning from 1983 to 2017. The study utilized several techniques including autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) to examine the relationship between ecological footprint and the determinants, while the gradual shift causality test was utilized to capture the causal linkage between the series in the presence of a single structural break. The outcomes of the Maki co-integration test revealed evidence of a long-run association among the variables of interest. Furthermore, the results of the ARDL and DOLS tests revealed that economic growth and public and private investment in energy increase environmental degradation, while it is mitigated by both renewable energy and financial development. Moreover, the gradual shift causality test revealed a bidirectional causal linkage between ecological footprint and economic growth. The present study recommends the establishment of a forum that will foster public and private partnerships to enhance communication, which will promote collaboration on new initiatives involving green technological innovations.

The Nexus Between Energy, Environment and Growth: Evidence from Latin-American Countries

International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy

The purpose of this research is to explore the association among energy, environment and economic growth in Latin-American countries from 1990-2014 by using multivariate Structure. This study used number of co-integration techniques to confirm log run relationship among environment, and energy. The study findings also show the effect of the energy on environment in the long run by using FMOLS and DOLS. In addition, this research also employed the causality test to study the causal relation among the variables. The outcomes of the various tests of co-integration endorse a longrun relationship among renewable energy (REN) and non-renewable (NREN) consumption and environment. The long run results show that the use of renewable energy source can reduce the CO 2 emissions in selected countries. Moreover, the non-renewable energy consumption is increasing CO 2 emissions. In addition, the direction of the causality is unidirectional from REN to CO 2 , NREN to CO 2 and GDP to CO 2. However, there is absence of two-way causality among the variables in the model.

The link between environmental quality, economic growth, and energy use: new evidence from five OPEC countries

Environment Systems and Decisions, 2020

This paper aims to explore the relationships between environmental quality, economic growth, and energy use. A panel data set of 25 years (1990-2014) for five OPEC countries (Algeria, Nigeria, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela) is used, and panel unit root tests, panel cointegration tests, panel Granger causality tests, fully modified ordinary Least square (FMOLS), and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) methods are employed as estimation strategies. Our results show that in the longrun, there are two-way causal relationships between GDP and energy consumption for all countries. Bidirectional causal relationships between GDP and CO 2 emissions are also observed in all countries except Algeria. The same relationships are also observed between energy consumption and CO 2 emissions in all countries with an exception in Venezuela where unidirectional causality running from CO 2 to energy consumption is found. The impact of GDP on the CO 2 emissions is the highest in Saudi Arabia followed by Venezuela, Nigeria, and Indonesia. The effect of energy use on the CO 2 emissions is the greatest in Algeria followed by Indonesia and Nigeria.

Economic Growth, Energy Consumption, and Carbon Emissions

Advances in finance, accounting, and economics book series, 2022

The developing countries and emerging economies are crucially contributing to global economic development, energy transition, and climate governance. This paper employs panel cointegration technique to investigate the long-run relationship between carbon emissions and five impacting factors (per capita GDP, primary energy consumption, international trade, fossil proportion, and quadratic per capita GDP) in 50 representative developing countries during 1995-2017. The empirical findings confirm the existence of long-run equilibrium, and the regressing coefficients of fully-modified OLS (FMOLS) indicate that (a) impacting features of the inverted Ushaped curve of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory appear in a few countries, such as Mexico, Croatia, Kazakhstan, Iran, Algeria, Indonesia, and Thailand; (b) the energy consumption has statistically positive and significant impacts on boosting the carbon emissions; (c) the negative effect of international trade emerges in the developing nations enjoying trade surpluses; and (d) fossil energy share poses a mixed impact. This paper reveals that the vast and inspiring contribution of developing countries to global carbon emission reduction should attract more international attention and assistance.

A puzzle over ecological footprint, energy consumption and economic growth: the case of Turkey

Environmental and Ecological Statistics, 2020

The paper investigates the non-linear causality from energy consumption and economic growth to ecological footprint for the case of Turkey by employing ARDL Models and ECM-Based Granger Causality over the period from 1961 to 2016. The major contribution of the article to the literature is that (i) the data period of the empirical analysis of the study is much longer than the one of the other studies for the case of Turkey; (ii) ecological footprint, which has been rarely used in the studies for the same case is taken as a sophisticated proxy of environmental degradation; (iii) it is found that the sophisticated key term 'awareness' needs much more multidisciplinary attention and wider mind maps as the causality from energy consumption to ecological footprint has U-shape; (iv) the non-linear causality is investigated and the complicated puzzle is discussed in the framework of a wide and coherent mind map.

Sustainability of Energy-Induced Growth Nexus in Brazil: Do Carbon Emissions and Urbanization Matter?

Sustainability, 2021

This study assesses the relationship between economic performance and environmental sustainability by taking into account the role of energy consumption, urbanization, and trade openness in Brazil by using data spanning from 1965 to 2019. The study is distinct from previously documented studies in literature in terms of scope for Brazil, where few entries have been recorded. The major objectives are to address the questions: (a) Is there a long-run connection between the variables under consideration? (b) Can CO2 emissions, trade openness, and energy consumption predict economic performance of Brazil? (c) What is the connection between economic growth and the independent variables at different frequencies and time-period? Furthermore, the study utilized dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS), fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS), Maki Cointegration, and autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) to capture the long-run association between the variables of interest. Also, we used th...

The Role of Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Globalization in Environmental Degradation: Empirical Evidence from the BRICS Region

Sustainability

This paper examines the effect of energy consumption, globalization, and economic growth on the CO2 emission of the BRICS (Brazil, Russian Federation, India, China and South Africa) region. Using annual data from 1989 to 2019, this research applies a panel cointegration approach. In this framework, we use Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) methods to examine the long-run relationship between the selected variables. This empirical investigation reveals that there is a long-run association between these variables, and energy consumption positively and significantly affects the carbon emission in these countries. These results indicate that energy consumption is the primary source of environmental degradation in the region. In contrast, the globalization (KOF Index of Globalization) negatively and significantly affects the carbon emission, implying the improvement of environmental quality. Further, this research could not find the pr...

Comparative analysis of energy consumption, CO2 emissions and economic growth: evidence for OECD selected countries

International Journal of Accounting and Economics Studies, 2016

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the causal relationship among renewable energy, nuclear energy consumption, economic growth, and CO2 emissions for selected OECD countries over the period 1980 to 2013. All variables are found to be cointgrated. Results of Granger causality show long-run relationship from GDP, renewable energy consumption and nuclear energy consumption to CO2 emissions, from CO2 emissions, GDP, to renewable energy consumption, from emissions, GDP to renewable energy, and from CO2 emissions GDP and nuclear energy consumption. In short run, results show that there exists bidirectional causality between GDP and CO2 emissions, and unidirectional causality running from renewable energy consumption to GDP. Also unidirectional causality running from renewable energy consumption to CO2 emissions without feedback but no causality running from nuclear energy consumption to CO2 emissions was found. This evidence suggests that renewable energy can help to mitigate CO2 emissions, but so far, nuclear energy consumption has not reached a level where it can CO2 emissions.

Carbon emissions, energy consumption and economic growth: a causality evidence

International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, 2019

This article examines the short-and long-run association among carbon emissions, energy consumption and economic growth through deploying the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) using combined (aggregated) and separated (disaggregated) energy consumption data for Zimbabwe from 1980 to 2014. The ARDL bounds tests and Johansen cointegration tests found long-run relationships among the variables. In the long-run, total energy consumption and primary coal consumption produce statistically significant positive relationships with carbon emissions. However, petroleum consumption demonstrates a statistically significant negative association with carbon emissions. The results show the validity of the EKC in total energy and primary coal consumption in the long-run but are invalid for petroleum consumption. In the short run, the findings reveal that total energy, primary coal and petroleum consumption have statistically significant positive relationships with carbon emissions. Furthermore, in the short run, the EKC is evident in petroleum consumption but invalid in both total energy and primary coal consumption. The short-and long-run Granger causality tests results based on the VECM are also discussed. The article concludes that, if carbon emissions are to be reduced in developing economies, alternative energy sources in the form of green technologies should be adopted as substitutes for coal and petroleum.