Journal Pre-proof Heat Transfer Enhancement of Thermoelectric Cooling Module with Nanofluid and Ferrofluid as Base Fluids (original) (raw)

Heat transfer with nanofluids for electronic cooling

International Journal of Materials and Product Technology, 2009

In response to the ever increasing demand for smaller and lighter high performance cooling devices a new heat transfer liquids come into picture, called Nanofluids. Nanofluids are new class of heat transfer fluids developed by suspending nanosized solid particles in liquids. Larger thermal conductivity of solid particles compared to the base fluid such as water, ethylene glycol, engine oil, etc. significantly enhances its thermal properties. Numbers of phenomenological models have been proposed to explain the anomalous heat transfer enhancement in nanofluids. This paper presents systematic literature survey observed to exploit several characteristic behaviours of nanofluids viz. increase in thermal conductivity, specific heat and other thermal properties. An empirical correlation for Al 2 O 3 + water nanofluid and effects of temperature, volume fraction and size of nanoparticle is studied. The effect of temperature on nanofluid thermal conductivity is also brought out. This behaviour combined with better mechanical properties makes fluids embedded with nanomaterials are excellent candidates for future applications.

Thermal Performance of Loop Thermosyphon Charged by Nanofluid for Cooling Electronic Component

Bulletin of the Faculty of Engineering. Mansoura University

This work presents a theoretical and experimental investigation on the thermal performance of thermosyphon for cooling high heat flux. The working fluid charged in the evaporator is pure water or Nano fluid (Al2O3+water). In theoretical model, the flow is described by continuity, momentum and energy equations. The flow is assumed laminar, steady and two dimensional with constant properties. The differential forms of governing equations are, numerically, solved using finite difference technique. According to this technique, the partial differentials are transformed to set of linear algebraic equations. These equations are solved, numerically, by Gauss-Siedel iterative method. an experimental set up is design and constructed to study its under different operating To investigation the effect of parameters;-working fluid filling ratio (volume of working fluid to the evaporator volume (30%, to 70%)),volume fraction of nanoparticle in the base fluid 0.0%, to 1.6%. , heat input rate total thermal resistance of the thermosyphon with the Nano fluid and with pure water. Results show that the addition of 0.8% (by volume) of Al2O3 nano-particles in water presented improved thermal performance compared with the operation with pure water. Results showed that the total thermal resistance decreases with increasing particles from 0% to 0.8% concentration, as compared with those of pure water. , but they increased as the concentration changed from 0.8% to 1.6%. Thus found an optimal particle which was about 0.8% for the. Al2O3-water based nanofluid. The experimental data are compared with the available literature.

Nanofluids for the Next Generation Thermal Management of Electronics: A Review

Symmetry

Nowadays, the thermal management of electronic components, devices and systems is one of the most important challenges of this technological field. The ever-increasing miniaturization also entails the pressing need for the dissipation of higher power energy under the form of heat per unit of surface area by the cooling systems. The current work briefly describes the use on those cooling systems of the novel heat transfer fluids named nanofluids. Although not intensively applied in our daily use of electronic devices and appliances, the nanofluids have merited an in-depth research and investigative focus, with several recently published papers on the subject. The development of this cooling approach should give a sustained foothold to go on to further studies and developments on continuous miniaturization, together with more energy-efficient cooling systems and devices. Indeed, the superior thermophysical properties of the nanofluids, which are highlighted in this review, make those ...

Nanofluid as Advanced Cooling Technology. Success Stories

Heat Transfer - Design, Experimentation and Applications, 2021

Nanofluids are defined as heat transfer fluids with enhanced heat transfer properties by the addition of nanoparticles. Nanofluid’s stability, nanoparticles’ type and their chemical compatibility with the base fluid are essential not only to increase the nanofluid’s thermophysical properties but also to ensure a long-lasting and thermal efficient use of the equipment in which it is used. Some of these aspects are discussed in this chapter. Likewise, the improvement in terms of the heat transfer capacity (thermal resistance) that the use of nanofluids has on the heat pipes-thermosyphons is shown. On the other hand, the improvement in energy efficiency that nanofluid causes in a vapor compression system is also presented.

Enhancement in Cooling of Electronic Components by Nanofluids

Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C, 2015

In this study, heat transfer during spray cooling was studied experimentally using water and ZnO nanofluid. Various experiments were performed using a spray nozzle impinging fluid normal to the flat end of a copper heated surface (copper cylinder 20 mm diameter). The heat flux and surface temperature have been calculated by measuring temperature gradients along the target length under steady state conditions. In this experimental study, water flow rate was varied from 15 to 25 ml/min. In the same test conditions to compare water results with nanofluids, ZnO nanofluid was sprayed at a flow rate of 20 ml/min. It can be observed that a surface temperature 74.1°C was obtained with maximum heat flux of 102.40 W/cm 2 under the test condition for heater power 140 W and a water flow rate 25 ml/min. The use of ZnO nanofluid as a coolant is observed to increase the heat flux by about 20.2 % and decrease surface temperature of the test specimen by about 15 % at 180 W heat input and flow rate of 20 ml/min. The uncertainty in heat flux is observed to vary from 8.63 to 10.93 %.

Promising Technology for Electronic Cooling: Nanofluidic

2013

Currently, the thermal management of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) has become a challenge. In the present research, a micro pulsating heat pipe (MPHP) with a hydraulic diameter of 508 lm, is experimented. The thermal performance of the MPHP in both the transient and steady conditions, the effects of the working fluid (water, silver nanofluid, and ferrofluid), heating power (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28 W), charging ratio (20, 40, 60, and 80%), inclination angle (0 deg, 25 deg, 45 deg, 75 deg, and 90 deg relative to horizontal axis), and the application of magnetic field, are investigated and thoroughly discussed. The experimental results show that the optimum charging ratio for water is 40%, while this optimum for nanofluids is 60%. In most of situations, the nanofluid charged MPHPs have a lower thermal resistance relative to the water charged ones. For ferrofluid charged MPHP, the application of a magnetic field substantially reduces the thermal resistance. This study proposes an outstanding technique for the thermal management of electronics.

Enhancing Thermophysical Characteristics and Heat Transfer Potential of TiO2/Water Nanofluid

International Journal of Thermophysics, 2020

The present study investigates the ability to improve the stability and heat transfer performance of coolants by dispersing TiO 2 nanoparticles in water. Surfactant-free nanofluid with 5 different weight fractions of 1 %, 0.5 %, 0.1 %, 0.05 %, and 0.01 % were prepared by two-step method. The stability of nanofluid was examined. The thermal conductivity and viscosity of TiO 2 /water nanofluid of 5 concentrations were determined over the temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 60 °C for every 5 °C interval. New correlations (with R 2 = 99 %) based on the experimental data of thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids has been presented. Several performance criteria were determined to investigate the heat transfer and pumping power performance of nanofluid. TiO 2 /water nanofluid showed some interesting results and enhanced heat transfer capability which enables it as a potential candidate for the future cooling medium.

Nanofluid as a coolant for next generation high heat dissipation electronic devices

International Journal of Renewable Energy Technology, 2017

The development of integrated electronic devices with increase level of miniaturisation, higher performance and output has increased the cooling requirement of chips considerably. So the use of nanofluids to cool these electronic components is inevitable. In this work, an experimental investigation of heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of rectangular and circular minichannel arrays cooled with alumina nanofluids (in rectangular minichannel) and copper nanofluids (in circular minichannel) is carried out. The study was conducted under steady forced, turbulent flow conditions keeping heat flux as a constant and varying the flow rates. For all investigated flow rates, it was observed that with increase in Reynolds number, both the Nusselt number and pressure drop increases which further lead to increase in pumping power. The Brownian motion, interaction of nanoparticles and the resulting disturbance in the boundary layer can be the possible reasons for the observed increments.

Thermal cooling system with Ag/Fe3O4 nanofluids mixture as coolant for electronic devices cooling

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 2020

The thermal dissipation resistance has encountered a problem in the thermal analysis of the electronic components. Due to the limitation of the coolant heat removal capacity, the nanofluid and flow feature of the coolant flowing through the thermal cooling system have proposed. The mixture of Ag and Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and flow direction guide vane of coolant for cooling electronic devices have been investigated. The effects of coolant flow rate, coolant type, and heat sink configuration on the thermal dissipation efficiency are considered. Ag and Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles suspending in the base fluid test and compared with the de-ionized water. The obtained results found that the proposed water blocks have a significant effect on the flow feature of coolant flowing through the thermal cooling system, which results in 11.94% increase in thermal dissipation efficiency. Besides, the thermal dissipation efficiency from Ag/Fe 3 O 4 nanofluid mixture as the coolant is higher than Ag nanofluids and higher than that de-ionized water as the coolant, respectively.

Analysis of Heat Transfer Characteristics of Nanofluids for Cooling Application

2020

A circular straight tube with constant heat flow in the laminar and turbulent fluid mode conducted an experimental analysis of the effect of nanofluids for convective heat transmission. The twoand onephase methods used for stable nanofluid, waterbased alumina and amorphous carbon nanoparticles are used. In various flux regimes the effects of thermal conductivity and surnatant nanofluid nanoparticles have been studied. For nanofluids containing 3% of particles, the increases for thermal conductivity and coefficient of convective heat transfer were 8% and 20% respectively. Recent studies into nanofluids, which also apply to such suspension, show that nanoparticles suspended greatly alter the characteristics of transportation and transmission of heat of the suspension. This analysis summarizes recent work into the properties of the fluids and heat transfer in forced and free convection flows and discusses potential prospects for investigation.