Synchronous Prostate Cancer and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report (original) (raw)
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Small Cell Carcinoma of the Prostate: A Rare Case Report
Üroonkoloji Bülteni, 2015
Prostat kanseri dünyada erkek popülasyonda en sık görülen kanserdir. Kansere bağlı ölümlerde ise akciğer kanserinden sonra ikinci sırada yer almaktadır (1). Prostat kanserinin başlatan sebepler henüz tam olarak bilinmemekle beraber genetik faktörler, kronik enflamasyon ve enfeksiyon, yüksek yağlı diyet, sigara kullanımı, alkol kullanımı, obezite gibi faktörler suçlanmaktadır (2,3). Prostat neoplazilerinin yaklaşık %95'i adenokarsinomlardır (4). Küçük hücreli prostat karsinomu ise nadir görülen ve oldukça agresif seyirli bir alt tipi olup yaklaşık olarak tüm prostat kanserlerinin %0,5-2'sini oluşturmaktadır (5). Bu olgu sunumumuzda kliniğimize alt üriner sistem semptomlar, halsizlik ve bel ağrısı şikayetleri ile başvuran ve yapılan tetkikleri sonucunda prostat spesifik antijen (PSA) yüksekliği tespit edilen bir hastada yapılan transrektal prostat biyopsisi sonucu asiner adenokarsinoma komponentide mevcut olan (%30-40) prostat küçük hücreli karsinomu olarak rapor edilen bir olguyu sunduk. Olgu Elli yedi yaşında erkek hasta yaklaşık 4 aydır artan sık idrara çıkma, idrar yaparken zorlanma, halsizlik, sırt ve bel ağrısı yakınmaları ile polikliniğimize başvurdu. Hastanın parmakla rektal muayenesinde, prostat +++ büyüklüğünde, sulkus silik ve sol lobun sert olduğu tespit edildi. PSA: 19,03 ng/ml, sPSA: 3,43 ng/dl olarak bulundu. Üriner ultrasonografi sonucunda Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in the male population in the world. In cancer-related deaths after lung cancer it ranks as second. Approximately 95% of prostate neoplasms are adenocarcinomas. Small cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare and highly aggressive subtype. Subtype of small cell carcinoma of the prostate constitute about 0.5-2% of all prostate cancers. It can occur alone as primary while it can also occur in association with advanced adenocarcinoma. Most common type of small cell carcinoma of the prostate is neuroendocrine differentiation type which is associated with prostate adenocarcinomas. Cases of small cell carcinomas of the prostate are highly metastasis at diagnosis. The prognosis of small cell carcinomas of the prostate is very poor, unlike adenocarcinoma. These tumors do not have androgen receptors to unlike prostate adenocarcinomas. Therefore these tumors fail to respond to hormonal therapy. We presented a 57-year-old man who was admitted to our clinic with lower urinary tract symptoms, fatigue, and low back pain. There was an elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level in the patient. Therefore, transrectal prostate biopsy was performed. As a result of the biopsy, small cell carcinoma of the prostate which was present in acinar adenocarcinoma component (30-40%) was detected.
Küçük Hücreli Prostat Kanseri: Olgu Sunumu
Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi, 2016
Prostatın küçük hücreli karsinomu oldukça nadir görülür. Klasik prostat adenokarsinomunun tersine klinik seyri agresiftir ve erken tanı konulmazsa prognozu kötüdür. Metastatik hastalıkta bile PSA seviyelerinin normal olması, hormonal tedaviye yanıtsızlık görülmesi ile prostatın küçük hücreli karsinomundan şüphelenmelidir. Burada prostat küçük hücreli karsinom tanısı saptanan 65 yaşında bir olgu sunularak literatür bilgileri gözden geçirilmiştir.
Bakirkoy Tip Dergisi / Medical Journal of Bakirkoy
Objective: To determine the incidence of incidental prostate cancer and its association with prostate specific antigen (PSA) as a result of final pathological examinations of patients undergoing open prostatectomy. Methods: The data of 124 patients who underwent open prostatectomy between 2008 and 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic information, preoperative PSA values, transrectal prostate needle biopsy (TRIB) results, prostate size and final pathology results were analyzed. Results: As a result of open prostatectomy specimens, benign prostatic hyperplasia was detected in all patients and prostate adenocancer was detected in 5 (4%) and chronic prostatitis in 68 (54.8%) patients. All patients with prostate cancer had preoperative TRIB and the mean PSA and prostate size were 10 ± 5.4 ng/mL, 134 ± 29.6 g, respectively. No significant difference was found between preoperative PSA values and prostate sizes in patients with and without prostate cancer (p>0.05). Incidental prostate cancer was in the Gleason 3+3=6 pattern in all patients and no increase in PSA was observed in any patient. Conclusion: The incidental prostate cancer rate found in our study was lower than the literature. In the pathology specimen, patients with incidental prostate cancer, especially those with low grade, can be followed without additional treatment.
Güncel Göğüs Hastalıkları Serisi, 2018
İnsanlarda beklenen ortalama yaşam süresinin artmasıyla birlikte kanser vakalarında da artışlar görülmektedir. Özellikle akciğer kanserinin görülme sıklığı ve mortalitesi dünya çapında artmaya devam etmektedir. Bu hastalarda sıklıkla akut ciddi semptomlar ve yaşamı tehdit eden durumlar ortaya çıkmakta ve acil tıbbi bakım gerekmektedir. Akciğer kanserinde acil servise başvuru ve mortalite diğer solit tümörlerden daha fazla görülmektedir. Bu acil durumlar kanserle direkt veya dolaylı olarak ya da tümörün tedavisi ile ortaya çıkar ve potansiyel olarak yaşamı tehdit eder. Tümörün bölgesel yayılımı ilişkili olarak vena kava süperior sendromu, perikardiyal tamponat, masif hemoptizi, massif plevral efüzyon ve akut hava yolu obstrüksiyonu görülmektedir. Hiperkalsemi, hiponatremi, uygunsuz ADH salınımı sendromu ve tümör lizis sendromu ise akciğer kanserinde ortaya çıkan metabolik acil durumlardır. Beyin metastazları, kemik metastazları ve spinal kord basısı uzak metastazlara bağlı olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca, bu hastalarda kemoterapiye bağlı olarak febril nötropeni, hipersensitivite reaksiyonları ve anaflaksi, radyoterapiye bağlı olarak akut radyasyon pnömonitisi ve özefajit ortaya çıkmaktadır. Onkolojik aciller hayatı tehtit eder ve mortalitesi yüksektir. Mortalite ve morbiditeyi azaltmak için erken tanı ve tedavi büyük önem taşır. Çünkü tanı ve tedavide gecikmeler çoğu zaman ölümle sonuçlanabilmektedir.
Retrospective Evaluation of Women with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research, 2020
Objective: Lung cancer which is one of the most serious health issues, is the deadliest type of cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer accounts for 85% of lung cancers. Epidemiological and demographic features of non-small cell lung cancer vary between countries. This study aims to retrospectively examine demographic, epidemiological and clinical features of female patients with NSCLC. Materials and methods: 42 female patients, who were diagnosed with NSCLC following the laboratory and imaging tests and operational methods and underwent operation and staging between 2016-2018, have been retrospectively examined. Findings: The average age of 42 female patients with NSCLC is 56,8 (30-74). 7 of the patients (%16,7) smoke cigarettes and 4 patients (%9,5) lost more than 10 kg in the last six months. According to the analysis of tumor locations, the tumor lesions were left sided in 12 cases (%28,5), and right-sided in 30 cases (%71,5). 32 patients (%76,2) were diagnosed with preoperative NSCLC following transthoracic fine needle aspiration biopsy and 10 patients (%23,8) were diagnosed following broncoscopic biopsy. Adenocarcinoma, which is the most common tumor cell types, was found in 37 patients (%88,1). Squamus cell carcinoma which is the second most common type, was found in 4 patients (%9,5) and 1 patient (%2,4) had mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The median tumor size was 4,19 cm (1-13 cm), and average PET-CT SUVmax value was 11,02 (2,89-33). The mean SUVmax value in adenocarcinoma cases was 10,06 (2,89-21,36), and 21,03 (14,47-33) in squamus cell carcinoma. While 35 of the patients (%83,3) underwent resection and 7 patients (%16,6) underwent only mediastinoscopy. According to the pathology results 7 patients (%16,7) were grouped as Stage 1A, 3 patients (%7,1) Stage 1B, 3 patients (%7,1) Stage 2A, 2 patients (%4,8) Stage 2B, 21 patients (%50) Stage 3A and 1 patient (%2,4) Stage 3B. Results: In this study, we found that adenocarcinoma is more common in female patients, and according to the pathological examination, %57,1 of the patients were in Stage 3. Lung cancer awareness needs to be raised among women, who are more likely to be affected by it. They need to be made aware of the symptoms for early diagnosis and routine screenings should be provided.