Islam and the Hungarians (original) (raw)
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The paper gives an overview about the five historical stages of the Hungarian history featured by significant Muslim influence. Ethnic background, social status and geographical distribution are the main points are dealt in the study. In the mediavel period the Muslims were Asiatic origin people joined the Hungarian tribes and became strong mainstay of the royal power as financial experts and soldiers. In the Ottoman era (1541-1699) islamised Southern Slavic and Vlach people from the Balkans migrated to the middle third, occupied part of the Hungarian Kingdom. They gave military service and played a fundamental role in the administration of the state. After 1878 occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy Bosniaks and Turks migrated to the country. The legal status of the Muslim community was settled in 1916. During the First World War and the uprising against the Austrians in the western border areas of Hungary (now Burgenland) the Muslims earned serious legitimacy and laid the cornerstones of a favourable relationship with Hungarian centre-right, revisionist, and also far-right political groups. When the communists took power after the Second World War, they terminated Muslim community activities, and many Turks and Bosnians left the country. In the very last hours of the Communist era, students from Arabic countries and Hungarian Muslims began to establish religious organisations. Muslims settled in Hungary from farther areas of the Islamic world, including especially Arabic countries, and also Turkey, Central and Southern Asia. Geographical distribution has changed a lot since the beginning. During the Middle Ages their communities settled in the royal estates in different places countrywide. The Ottomans lived in the fortified settlements mainly in the hilly or montanous areas. In the modern period the Muslims are concentrated in the capital city and a few regional centres.
Eastern Muslim Groups among Hungarians in the Middle Ages / Erdal Çoban - Bilig 63. Sayı – Güz 2012
The role of Islam in Hungarian history dates back before the Ottoman reign. The first written records about the 9 th and 10 th century Hungarians belong to Muslim writers who brought these up on the scene of history with their own ethnic names. In the light of Garnati and other sources, we can designate that there were two Khwarezmian ethnic groups, respectively the Turkified Chwalisians and the As people among Hungarians and these groups joined Hungarians before the Magyar conquest (896) of Hungary. Out of these groups, which were called Ishmaelite or böszörmény by Hungarian sources, especially the Chwalisians later continued to migrate to Hungary together with various Turkic tribes during the medieval period. The Chwalisians undertook significant posts in administrative and financial fields while, at the same time, they became a part of Hungarian army like the As people.
Eastern Muslim Groups among Hungarians in the Middle Ages
The role of Islam in Hungarian history dates back before the Ottoman reign. The first written records about the 9 th and 10 th century Hungarians belong to Muslim writers who brought these up on the scene of history with their own ethnic names. In the light of Garnati and other sources, we can designate that there were two Khwarezmian ethnic groups, respectively the Turkified Chwalisians and the As people among Hungarians and these groups joined Hungarians before the Magyar conquest (896) of Hungary. Out of these groups, which were called Ishmaelite or böszörmény by Hungarian sources, especially the Chwalisians later continued to migrate to Hungary together with various Turkic tribes during the medieval period. The Chwalisians undertook significant posts in administrative and financial fields while, at the same time, they became a part of Hungarian army like the As people.
Beyond Mosque, Church, and State: Alternative Narratives of the Nation in the Balkans, edited by Theodora Dragostinova and Yana Hashamova (Budapest & New York: CEU Press, 2016), 2016
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Muslims in Europe, Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries
BRILL eBooks, 2020
This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC 4.0 license. chapter 1 Muslims in Europe, Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries The Muslim presence in Central and Western Europe during the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries was greater than had been thought, at least up to a few years ago. Eastern Europe, of course, was an entirely different case, especially in the Balkans, ruled by the Ottoman Empire-though it began to lose territory in the 1700s-and in large regions of southeastern Europe that were gradually absorbed into the Russian Empire. In certain areas of these territories Muslims either ruled or formed a majority, while in others they were a significant minority. Nor did they disappear from Balkan lands altogether, for there are still nuclei of Muslim populations outside the small area of European Turkey, as well as in much of southern Russia. We shall not be concerned with those cases here, however, since they are substantially different from those of Western Europe.1 As to Central and Western Europe, it has been and to some extent continues to be thought that the Muslim presence in the Early Modern period was scarce and brief, and therefore insignificant.2 But recent research has proved that it was much more significant than has been acknowledged until now. The step from seeing Muslims as a groupe invisible to regarding them as étrangers familiers represents a significant advance in our understanding of the matter. We now have monographs on a considerable swath of European territory that show a good number of Muslims either visiting or living there for varying periods of time and many different reasons.3 We also have overall views for a few countries, particularly France,4 Great
On the Possible Iranian Origin of the Muslim Population in Medieval Hungary
PROCEEDINGS OF THE EIGHTH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE OF IRANIAN STUDIES (State Hermitage Museum and Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, St Petersburg, 14–19 September 2015). Volume II: Studies on Iran and the Persianate World after Islam., 2020
which were focused on Iran and the Persianate world during the epoch after the spread and domination of Islam. The articles cover the extensive span of time, from the pre-Mongol era to modernity, and follow a very wide range of research directions, including history, historiography, art history, contemporary politics and society, religious thought, literary studies and linguistics. The volume is addressed to Iranologists and specialists in neighbouring fields.