Fault-tolerant architecture for quantum computation using electrically controlled semiconductor spins (original) (raw)

Significant effort has been directed towards the physical realization of quantum computation. The promise of solid-state systems such as quantum dots and superconducting islands was identified early on. Coherent manipulation of solid-state quantum bits, analogous to well-developed realizations in atomic physics, has been experimentally demonstrated. However, achieving fault-tolerant quantum computation entails a significant mitigation of environmental couplings, which is particularly challenging in the solid state. A scalable architecture for solid-state quantum computation using actively protected two-electron spin states in quantum dots is developed. This architecture allows for a modular design with a universal set of gates that can be implemented using local electrical control and suppresses hyperfine interaction errors, thus enabling fault-tolerant operation with current experimental methods.