Kaposi’s sarcoma: a 10-year experience with 248 patients at a single tertiary care hospital in Tanzania (original) (raw)
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Journal of Skin Cancer, 2016
Background.Despite the increased incidence of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) resulting from the Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) pandemic, there is still significant underreporting of KS in this environment.Objectives.This study was aimed at determining the incidence and clinicopathologic patterns of KS among HIV infected patients in Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Nigeria, over a 14-year period: January 2000 to December 2013.Methodology.The materials for this study included patients’ hospital clinical files, duplicate copies of histopathologic reports, and tissue blocks and corresponding archival slides in the Anatomic and Molecular Pathology Department and the HIV/AIDS unit of the Department of Haematology.Results.Within the study period, 182 cases of KS were diagnosed, accounting for 1.2% of all patients managed for HIV/AIDS and 2.99% of solid malignant tumours. The male-to-female ratio and modal age group were 1 : 1.3 and 5th decade, res...
Kaposi’s sarcoma in persons living with HIV/AIDS: a case series in a tertiary referral hospital
Abstract: Background: Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a rare neoplasm with indolent progression. Since 1981, the Kaposi’s sarcoma epidemic has increased as co-infection with HIV. Objectives: The study aimed to identify the clinical and demographic characteristics and therapeutic approaches in HIV/AIDS patients in a regional referral hospital. Methods: We analyzed the medical records of 51 patients with histopathological diagnosis of Kaposi’s sarcoma hospitalized at Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto (HUJBB) from 2004 to 2015. Results: The study sample consisted of individuals 15 to 44 years of age (80.4%), male (80.4%), single (86.3%), and residing in Greater Metropolitan Belém, Pará State, Brazil. The primary skin lesions identified at diagnosis were violaceous macules (45%) and violaceous papules (25%). Visceral involvement was seen in 62.7%, mainly affecting the stomach (75%). The most frequent treatment regimen was 2 NRTI + NNRTI, and 60.8% were referred to chemotherapy. Study limitations: We assumed that more patients had been admitted to hospital without histopathological confirmation or with pathology reports from other services, so that the current study probably underestimated the number of KS cases. Conclusion: Although the cutaneous manifestations in most of these patients were non-exuberant skin lesions like macules and papules, many already showed visceral involvement. Meticulous screening of these patients is thus mandatory, even if the skin lesions are subtle and localized. Keywords: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; HIV; Human herpesvirus 8; Kaposi’s sarcoma
Prevalence And Characteristics Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Associated Kaposi Sarcoma
The Internet journal of oncology, 2008
Skin manifestations are frequently associated with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) is one of the most common cancers seen in people with HIV, and is an AIDS defining illness. The incidence of HIV associated Kaposi's Sarcoma has decreased since the advent of antiretroviral drugs in developed countries. This is not the case with Cameroon people present with generalized and aggressive KS. This study reviews the characteristics and prevalence of KS and the impact of antiretroviral drugs in a treatment center in Yaoundé, Cameroon. The prevalence of KS among HIV infected patients was found to be 10.0%. Both sexes were equally affected unlike in endemic KS which is more common in males. Most patients had generalized disease, and death occurred within six months of diagnosis. These cases were associated with low CD4 cell count, anemia and low platelet counts. Patients with less extensive lesions, had tumor regression ranging from partial to total when Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy was administered. Early diagnosis and antiretroviral therapy will decrease morbidity, mortality and severe Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) common in patients with aggressive HIV associated KS.
Kaposi Sarcoma in HIV Infected Patients
Acta Medica Marisiensis, 2016
The aim of the study was to describe clinical and laboratory characteristics in HIV-infected patients with Kaposi sarcoma (KS). Methods: We retrospectively studied data on HIV-infected patients hospitalized in one tertiary care hospital in Bucharest, Romania, in whom Kaposi Sarcoma was diagnosed, between January 2008 and November 2013. Results: We identified 27 HIV-infected patients diagnosed with KS within 6 years. They had a median age of 42 years old and a median CD4 cell count of 101 cells per mm 3 at the time of KS diagnosis. All patients received antiretroviral therapy (ART), with 18 patients (66%) already on ART at the time of KS diagnosis. Most patients (59%) were classified as ACTG poor-risk and 56% as Mitsuyasu stage I. The overall prognosis was poor, with 41% mortality, in a median time span of 6 months, significantly correlated with gastrointestinal involvement (p=0.019), poor-risk KS in ACTG classification (p<0.001) and stage IV Mitsuyasu (p=0.006). Conclusion: KS remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with HIV infection, especially in late presenters.
Treatment of severe or progressive Kaposi's sarcoma in HIV-infected adults
Reviews, 1996
Background-Kaposi's sarcoma remains the most common cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa and the second most common cancer in HIV-infected patients worldwide. Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), there has been a decline in its incidence. However, Kaposi's sarcoma continues to be diagnosed in HIV-infected patients.
The African Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2020
Background : Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative malignancy caused by infection with human herpes virus -8 (HHV-8). The tumour has four subtypes including Classic KS, African- endemic, Iatrogenic and Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related KS. AIDS- related KS is the most common malignancy in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and has variable clinical presentation with diverse distribution of lesions. Objective : To assess the pattern of distribution of KS lesions in patients with AIDS-related KS at Kenyatta National Hospital. Methods : We carried out a descriptive study on patients with HIV infection with histological diagnosis of KS. The study commenced upon approval by KNH-University of Nairobi Ethics and Research Committee. Following consent, clinical and demographic data was obtained from participants through verbal interviews and from medical records using a data capture form. Follow up was until 10 weeks. Management of patients wa...
Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care, 2006
Background: There is a dearth of information on the prevalence of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (AAKS) in Nigeria despite the HIV National seroprevalence of 5% and the occurrence of the disease in people living with HIV/AIDS. Objective: To determine the prevalence of AAKS among HIV-seropositive adults seen in an HIV/AIDS treatment and care center in Abuja, Nigeria. Design: This was a retrospective study of all cases seen over a period of 42 months. Method: Medical records of the 1591 patients comprising 857 males and 734 females were reviewed, and relevant data such as age, sex, CD4 count at diagnosis of AAKS were obtained and analyzed. Results: A prevalence of 0.8% was found, with a male:female ratio of 2:1. Females presented at earlier ages and relatively lower CD4 count than did males. Conclusion: Easy access to antiretroviral medications and a well-targeted education and awareness campaign will help reduce the incidence and prevalence of the disease. The inability to perf...
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.13\_Issue.5\_May2023/IJHSR-Abstract29.html, 2023
Introduction: Kaposi's sarcoma is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and remains to this day the most common cancer in people living with HIV. This study aimed to obtain epidemiological data on Kaposi's sarcoma diagnosed at the cytopathological anatomy laboratory in the Republic of Congo. Material and Methods: Authors collected all cases of Kaposi's Sarcoma over a 22 years period from 2000 to 2021. Data was collected from hospital registers, medical records and reports of pathological examination results. Results: A total of 37 cases were enrolled in the study, with the annually incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma around 2 cases/year. The age of patients at diagnosis ranged from 13 to 80 years old, with the average age of 31.5 years. Male to female ratio was 3.1 and females were older than males. The majority of the lesions were in the lower limbs, 13 (35%) and nodular KS accounted the most observed elementary lesions of all cases (59%). Conclusion: Although it occurs frequently in PLHIV, KS is less common in the Republic of Congo and remains an unrecognized condition among the Congolese population.