Isolation and Characterisation of a Novel Sulphate-reducing Bacterium of the Desulfovibrio Genus (original) (raw)
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Desulfovibrio alaskensis sp. nov., a sulphate-reducing bacterium from a soured oil reservoir
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY, 2004
A novel sulphate-reducing bacterium (Al1 T ) was recovered from a soured oil well in Purdu Bay, Alaska. Light and atomic force microscopy observations revealed that cells were Gram-negative, vibrio-shaped and motile by means of a single polar flagellum. The carbon and energy sources used by the isolate and the salinity, temperature and pH ranges facilitating its growth proved to be typical of a partial lactate-oxidizing, moderately halophilic, mesophilic, sulphate-reducing bacterium. Analysis of the fatty acid profile revealed that C 18 : 0 , isoC 15 : 0 and isoC 17 : 1 v7c were the predominant species. Fatty acid profile and complete 16S rRNA gene sequencing demonstrated the similarity between strain Al1 T and members of the genus Desulfovibrio. The position of strain Al1 T within the phylogenetic tree indicated that it clustered closely with Desulfovibrio vietnamensis DSM 10520 T (98?9 % sequence similarity), a strain recovered from a similar habitat. However, whole-cell protein profiles, Fourier-transform infrared studies and DNA-DNA hybridization demonstrated that, in spite of the high level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, there is sufficient dissimilarity at the DNA sequence level between D. vietnamensis DSM 10520 T and strain Al1 T (10?2 % similarity) to propose that strain Al1 T belongs to a separate species within the genus Desulfovibrio. Based on the results obtained, the name Desulfovibrio alaskensis sp. nov. is therefore proposed, with Al1 T (=NCIMB 13491 T =DSM 16109 T ) as the type strain. Published online ahead of print on 26 March 2004 as DOI 10.1099/ ijs.0.63118-0.
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2009
Desulfovibrio paquesii sp. nov., a hydrogenotrophic sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from a synthesis-gas-fed bioreactor treating zinc-and sulfate-rich wastewater A hydrogenotrophic, sulfate-reducing bacterium, designated strain SB1 T , was isolated from sulfidogenic sludge of a full-scale synthesis-gas-fed bioreactor used to remediate wastewater from a zinc smelter. Strain SB1 T was found to be an abundant micro-organism in the sludge at the time of isolation. Hydrogen, formate, pyruvate, lactate, malate, fumarate, succinate, ethanol and glycerol served as electron donors for sulfate reduction. Organic substrates were incompletely oxidized to acetate. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the closest recognized relative to strain SB1 T was Desulfovibrio gigas DSM 1382 T (97.5 % similarity). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain SB1 T was 62.2 mol%, comparable with that of Desulfovibrio gigas DSM 1382 T (60.2 mol%). However, the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain SB1 T and Desulfovibrio gigas DSM 1382 T was only 56.0 %, indicating that the two strains are not related at the species level. Strain SB1 T could also be differentiated from Desulfovibrio gigas based on phenotypic characteristics, such as major cellular fatty acid composition (anteiso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 14 : 0 and C 18 : 1 cis 9) and substrate utilization. Strain SB1 T is therefore considered to represent a novel species of the genus Desulfovibrio, for which the name Desulfovibrio paquesii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SB1 T (5DSM 16681 T 5JCM 14635 T ).
Desulfovibrio longus sp. nov., a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium Isolated from an Oil-Producing Well
International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 1992
A novel type of sulfate-reducing bacteria with unusual morphology was isolated from an oil-producing well in the Paris Basin. The cells of this bacterium, strain SEBR 2582T (T = type strain), are long, thin, flexible rods, contain desulfoviridin, and are physiologically similar to members of the genus Desulfovibrio. On the basis of 16s rRNA sequence data, this strain should be included in the genus Desulfovibrio. However, strain SEBR 2582T differs from other members of this genus morphologically, physiologically, and phylogenetically. Thus, a new species, Desulfovibrio longus sp. nov., is proposed for this organism.
Journal of Industrial Microbiology, 1986
Hydrogenase, desulfbviridin and molybdenum proteins have been isolated from a halophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria, Desulfovibrio salexigens strain British Guiana. At least 50% of the hydrogenase was found to be located in the periplasm. The hydrogenase has a typical absorption spectrum, a 400/280 nm ratio of 0.28, a molecular weight by sedimentation equilibrium of 81 000 and is composed of two subunits. It has one nickel, one selenium and 12 iron atoms per molecule. The sulfite reductase has a typical desulfoviridin absorption spectrum, a molecular weight of 191 000 and iron and zinc associated with it. The molybdenum-iron protein is gray-green in color and exhibits an absorbtion spectrum with peaks around 612, 410, 275 nm and a shoulder at 319 nm. It is composed of subunits of approximately 13 250 and has an approximate molecular weight of 110 000. Three molybdenum and 20 iron atoms are found associated with it.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY, 2007
Two novel sulfate-reducing bacterial strains, designated E-2 T and IMP-2, were isolated from geographically distinct locations. Strain E-2 T was recovered from marine sediments near Sfax (Tunisia), whereas strain IMP-2 originated from oilfield production fluids in the Gulf of Mexico. Cells were Gram-negative, non-sporulated, motile, vibrio-shaped or sigmoid. They were strictly anaerobic, mesophilic and moderately halophilic. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate and elemental sulfur served as electron acceptors, but not nitrate or nitrite. H 2 (with acetate as carbon source), formate, fumarate, lactate, malate, pyruvate, succinate and fructose were used as electron donors in the presence of sulfate as terminal electron acceptor. Lactate was oxidized incompletely to acetate. Fumarate and pyruvate were fermented. Desulfoviridin and c-type cytochromes were present. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of the two strains showed that they were phylogenetically similar (99.0 % similarity) and belonged to the genus Desulfovibrio, with Desulfovibrio indonesiensis and Desulfovibrio gabonensis as their closest phylogenetic relatives. The G+C content of the DNA was respectively 60.4 and 62.7 mol% for strains E-2 T and IMP-2. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments revealed that the novel strains had a high genomic relatedness, suggesting that they belong to the same species. We therefore propose that the two isolates be affiliated to a novel species of the genus Desulfovibrio, Desulfovibrio marinus sp. nov. The type strain is strain E-2 T (5DSM 18311 T 5JCM 14040 T ).
Current Microbiology, 2017
was closely related to the species in the genus Desulfobulbus of the family Desulfobulbaceae. The sequence similarity between strain SM40 and Desulfobulbus marinus was 95.4%. The phylogenetic analysis, DNA G+C content, and differences in substrate utilization suggested that strain SM40 represents a new species of the genus Desulfobulbus, D. aggregans sp. nov. The type strain is strain SM40 T (=DSM 28693 T = JCM 19994 T). the Gram-stain-positive spore-forming SRB, the deeply branching thermophilic SRB, and the thermophilic archeal sulfate reducers. The mesophilic members of the Deltaproteobacteria represent the largest group of SRB. The Desulfobulbaceae in the order Desulfobacterales (Deltaproteobacteria class [12]) is composed of several genera such as Desulfocapsa, Desulfofustis, Desulforhopalus, Desulfopila, and Desulfobulbus. The genus Desulfobulbus was proposed by Widdel and Pfenning [25]. This genus comprises sulfate reducers oxidizing propionate incompletely to acetate as Abstract Three sulfate-reducing bacterial strains designated SM40 T , SM41, and SM43 were isolated from marine sediment in the region of Skhira located in the Gulf of Gabes (Tunisia). These strains grew in anaerobic media with phosphogypsum as a sulfate source and sodium lactate as an electron and carbon source. One of them, strain SM40 T , was characterized by phenotypic and phylogenetic methods. Cells were ovoid, Gram-stain-negative and non-motile. The temperature limits for growth were 10 and 55 °C with an optimum at 35 °C and the pH range was 6.5-8.1 with an optimum at pH 7.5. Growth was observed at salinities ranging from 10 to 80 g NaCl l −1 with an optimum at 30 g NaCl l −1. Strain SM40 T was able to utilize butanol, ethanol, formate, l-glucose, glycerol, lactate, propanol, propionate, and pyruvate as electron donors for the reduction of sulfate, sulfite, or thiosulfate to H 2 S. Without electron acceptors, strain SM40 T fermented butanol and pyruvate. The DNA G+C content of strain SM40 T was 52.6 mol %. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate revealed that strain SM40 T The GenBank Accession Number for Strain 28693 T is KU180234.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY, 2009
Two novel sulfate-reducing bacteria, strains CY1 T and CY2, were isolated from heavy-metalcontaminated sediments of Lake Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, USA. Strains CY1 T and CY2 were found to contain c-type cytochromes and to reduce sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, DMSO, anthraquinone disulfonate and fumarate using lactate as an electron donor. In a comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences, CY1 T and CY2 were found to be 100 % identical, but only 97 and 92.4 % similar, respectively, to the type strains of Desulfovibrio mexicanus and Desulfovibrio aminophilus. Unlike these species, however, CY1 T was neither able to disproportionate thiosulfate nor able to use yeast extract or amino acids as electron donors. These data, considered in conjunction with differences among strain CY1 T and the two related type strains in chemotaxonomy, riboprint patterns, temperature and pH optima, support recognition of a distinct and novel species within the genus Desulfovibrio, Desulfovibrio idahonensis sp. nov., with the type strain CY1 T (5DSM 15450 T 5JCM 14124 T ).
Anaerobe, 2005
A new mesophilic sulphate-reducing bacterium, designated strain DvO5 T (T ¼ type strain), was isolated from the outermost sulphate reduction-positive most-probable-number tube (10 À6 dilution) of an activated sludge sample, which had been oxygenated at 100% air saturation for 120 h. The motile, Gram-negative, curved 1 by 2-5 mm and non-spore-forming cells of strain DvO5 T existed singly or in chains. Strain DvO5 T grew optimally at 29 1C, pH 6.9 and 0.05% (w/v) NaCl in a medium containing lactate, sulphate and yeast extract. Sulphite, thiosulphate and elemental sulphur also served as electron acceptors whereas nitrate, nitrite or ferric iron were not reduced. Lactate, pyruvate, H 2 (with acetate as carbon source), ethanol and glycerol efficiently supported growth as electron donors. Pyruvate and malate were fermented. Strain DvO5 T reduced oxygen by oxidising endogenous polyglucose at rates ranging from 0.4 to 6.0 nmol O 2 /mg protein min depending on the oxygen concentration, the highest rates being observed at atmospheric oxygen saturation. The G+C content of the DNA was 57.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain DvO5 T was a member of the genus Desulfovibrio with D. magneticus (98.2% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and D. burkinensis (97.5% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) being its closest relatives among validly described species. A similar phylogenetic affiliation was obtained by sequence analyses of the genes encoding the alpha and the beta subunit of dissimilatory sulphite reductase (dsrAB) as well as the alpha subunit of adenosine-5 0-phosphosulphate reductase (apsA) of strain DvO5 T. On the basis of genotypic and phenotypic characteristics, strain DvO5 T (DSM 16695 T , JCM 12613 T) is proposed as the type strain of a new species, Desulfovibrio aerotolerans sp. nov.
Anaerobe, 2003
A new spirilloid sulfate-reducing bacterium designated strain MET2(T) (T=type strain), was isolated from a Mexican oil field separator. Electron microscopy revealed a Gram-negative cell wall consisting of a 150nm thick undulating outer membrane. Strain MET2(T) appeared singly or in long chains and was actively motile with a corkscrew-like motion. The isolate grew optimally at 40 degrees C, pH 7.4 and 3% NaCl in a medium containing lactate, thiosulfate and yeast extract. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, and elemental sulfur served as electron acceptors but not nitrate or fumarate. Lactate, pyruvate and H(2) (with acetate as carbon source) were used as electron donors. Pyruvate was fermented. Desulfoviridin and cyt c were present. The G+C content of the DNA was 58.7mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequencing showed that strain MET2(T) was a member of the genus Desulfovibrio with "D. gracilis" and D. longus being its closest relatives (similarities of 98.3% and 97....
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology, 2018
A novel slightly halophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium, designated strain P1BSR, was isolated from water of a saline lake in Tunisia. Strain P1BSRhad motile (single polar flagellum), Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming cells, occurring singly or in pairs. Strain P1BSRgrew at temperatures between 15 and 45 °C (optimum 40 °C), and in a pH range between 6 and 8.5 (optimum pH 6.7). The strain required NaCl for growth (1 % w/v), and tolerated high NaCl concentration (up to 12 % w/v) with an optimum of 3 % (w/v). Sulfate, thiosulfate and sulfite served as terminal electron acceptors, but not elemental sulfur, fumarate, nitrate and nitrite. Strain P1BSRutilized lactate, pyruvate, formate, d-fructose and glycerol as carbon and energy sources. The main cellular fatty acid was C16 : 0 (50.8 %). The genomic DNA G+C content was 47.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity indicated that strain P1BSRwas affiliated to the genus Desulfovibrio, with the type strain...