New magnetic resonance imaging techniques for the detection of breast cancer (original) (raw)
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Novel MR imaging contrast agents for cancer detection
2009
BACKGROUND: Novel potential MR imaging contrast agents Gd-tetra-carboranylmethoxyphenyl-porphyrin (Gd-TCP), Gd-hematoporphyrin (Gd-H), Gd-DTPA-9.2.27 against melanoma, Gd-DTPA-WM53 against leukemia and Gd-DTPA-C595 against breast cancer cells were synthesized and applied to mice with different human cancer cells (melanoma MM-138, leukemia HL-60, breast MCF-7). The relaxivity, the biodistribution, T1 relaxation times, and signal enhancement of the contrast agents are presented and the results are compared. METHODS: After preparation of contrast agents, the animal studies were performed. The cells (2×106 cells) were injected subcutaneously in the both flanks of mice. Two to three weeks after tumor implantation, when the tumor diameter was 2-4 mm, mice were injected with the different contrast agents. The animals were sacrificed at 24 hr post IP injection followed by removal of critical organs. The T1 relaxation times and signal intensities of samples were measured using 11.4 T magneti...
Iranian Biomedical …, 2006
The monoclonal antibody, C595, against breast cancer cell line was conjugated with cyclic anhydride gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid (Gd-cDTPAa) to produce Gd-DTPA-C595 and used as specific breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: After incubation of breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), with different contrast agents (Gd-DTPA-C595, Gd-DTPA, Gd-H and GdCl 3 ) at 37C for 12 h and twice washing, the T 1 relaxation times and the signal enhancement of washing solutions of different contrast agents are examined by nuclear magnetic resonance and results are compared. The percent of Gd that attached into the cell membrane of MCF-7 was also measured by UV spectrophotometer. Results: The data indicate that the T 1 relaxation of washing solutions at 11.4 Tesla (500 MHz) in Gd-DTPA-C595 was greater than in Gd-DTPA solutions and was much greater than in control. These conjugates (Gd-DTPA-C595) show high specificity for breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). The gadolinium concentration in washing solutions measured using UV-spectrophotometer showed no gadolinium attached into the cell membrane in the GdCl 3 as control. Conclusion: Good cell membrane uptakes of Gd-DTPA-C595 indicate selective delivery of this agent into the breast cancer cell membrane and have considerable potential in diagnostic MRI.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Contrast Agents for Tumor Diagnosis
Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 2013
This review focuses on MRI contrast agents for tumor diagnosis. Several types of low molecular weight Gd 3+-based complexes and dextran-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles have been used for clinical tumor diagnosis as longitudinal relaxation time (T 1) and transverse relaxation time (T 2) MRI contrast agents, respectively. To further improve the sensitivity of MRI, new types of chelates for T 1 MRI contrast agents and combination of low molecular weight T 1 MRI contrast agents with different types of carriers have been investigated. Different types of materials for forming secure coating layers of SPIO and novel superparamagnetic particles with higher relaxivity values have been explored. Various types of ligands were applied to improve the capability to target tumor for both T 1 and T 2 contrast agents. Furthermore, MRI contrast agents for detection of tumor metabolism were also pursued.
PLOS ONE, 2014
The current study was carried out to test the potential of a new nanomaterial (Spago Pix) as a macromolecular magnetic MR contrast agent for tumor detection and to verify the presence of nanomaterial in tumor tissue. Spago Pix, synthesized by Spago Nanomedical AB, is a nanomaterial with a globular shape, an average hydrodynamic diameter of 5 nm, and a relaxivity (r 1) of approximately 30 (mM Mn) 21 s 21 (60 MHz). The material consists of an organophosphosilane hydrogel with strongly chelated manganese (II) ions and a covalently attached PEG surface layer. In vivo MRI of the MMTV-PyMT breast cancer model was performed on a 3 T clinical scanner. Tissues were thereafter analyzed for manganese and silicon content using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The presence of nanomaterial in tumor and muscle tissue was assessed using an anti-PEG monoclonal antibody. MR imaging of tumor-bearing mice (n = 7) showed a contrast enhancement factor of 1.8 (tumor versus muscle) at 30 minutes post-administration. Contrast was retained and further increased 2-4 hours after administration. ICP-AES and immunohistochemistry confirmed selective accumulation of nanomaterial in tumor tissue. A blood pharmacokinetics analysis showed that the concentration of Spago Pix gradually decreased over the first hour, which was in good agreement with the time frame in which the accumulation in tumor occurred. In summary, we demonstrate that Spago Pix selectively enhances MR tumor contrast in a clinically relevant animal model. Based on the generally higher vascular leakiness in malignant compared to benign tissue lesions, Spago Pix has the potential to significantly improve cancer diagnosis and characterization by MRI.
2006
Background: The monoclonal antibody, C595, against breast cancer cell line was conjugated with cyclic anhydride gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid (Gd-cDTPAa) to produce Gd-DTPA-C595 and used as specific breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: After incubation of breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), with different contrast agents (Gd-DTPA-C595, Gd-DTPA, Gd-H and GdCl 3) at 37°C for 12 h and twice washing, the T 1 relaxation times and the signal enhancement of washing solutions of different contrast agents are examined by nuclear magnetic resonance and results are compared. The percent of Gd that attached into the cell membrane of MCF-7 was also measured by UV spectrophotometer. Results: The data indicate that the T 1 relaxation of washing solutions at 11.4 Tesla (500 MHz) in Gd-DTPA-C595 was greater than in Gd-DTPA solutions and was much greater than in control. These conjugates (Gd-DTPA-C595) show high specificity for breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). The gadolinium concentration in washing solutions measured using UV-spectrophotometer showed no gadolinium attached into the cell membrane in the GdCl 3 as control. Conclusion: Good cell membrane uptakes of Gd-DTPA-C595 indicate selective delivery of this agent into the breast cancer cell membrane and have considerable potential in diagnostic MRI.
Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces, 2018
Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) have been prepared and stabilized with three organic acids (tartaric, malic and ascorbic) in order to obtain biocompatible and water dispersible MNPs with potential to bind specifically to tumoral cancer cells. An in deep characterization was performed aiming to verify the presence and effect of the coating and stabilizer on MNPs surface. Besides the mechanisms followed by the different acids to bind MNPs were elucidated and used to justify the differences in the physicochemical properties of each formulation. Data related to characterization revealed that MNPs coated with ascorbic acid (MNPs-AA) resulted the most suitable in terms of their size, surface charge and stability along the time. Besides, ascorbic acid may be recognized by GLUTs receptors that are overexpressed in several kinds of tumoral cells. Therefore, MNPs-AA was selected to explore its performance in both MRI and in vitro assays using human colon cancer cells HCT 116. MRI exp...
Classification and basic properties of contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging
Contrast media & molecular …, 2009
A comprehensive classification of contrast agents currently used or under development for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is presented. Agents based on small chelates, macromolecular systems, iron oxides and other nanosystems, as well as responsive, chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) and hyperpolarization agents are covered in order to discuss the various possibilities of using MRI as a molecular imaging technique. The classification includes composition, magnetic properties, biodistribution and imaging applications. Chemical compositions of various classes of MRI contrast agents are tabulated, and their magnetic status including diamagnetic, paramagnetic and superparamagnetic are outlined. Classification according to biodistribution covers all types of MRI contrast agents including, among others, extracellular, blood pool, polymeric, particulate, responsive, oral, and organ specific (hepatobiliary, RES, lymph nodes, bone marrow and brain). Various targeting strategies of molecular, macromolecular and particulate carriers are also illustrated.
Australasian Physics & Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 2002
The monoclonal antibodies, 9.2.27 against human melanoma cell lines and WM53 against leukemia cell lines, were conjugated with cyclic anhydride gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid (Gd-cDTPAa) and used as tumorspecific contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The data indicate that Gd-DTPA-9.2.27 in solution decreased the T 1 relaxation of water protons at 7.0 Tesla (300 MHz) in direct proportion to the gadolinium concentration, and this effect was greater than in Gd-DTPA solutions. These conjugates show high specificity for melanoma and leukemia cell lines. T 1 relaxation time at 7.0 Tesla, measured for the melanoma cell line (MM-138) and leukemia cell line (HL-60) after incubation at 37 qC for 4 hr, were significantly decreased (approximately 25%) relative to controls. The gadolinium concentration in cells and washing solutions was measured by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). A linear relationship was observed between T 1 relaxation rates and gadolinium concentrations obtained by ICP-AES. The ICP-AES results showed no gadolinium uptake in the nontargeted HT-29 colorectal cancer cells.