DELHI METRO: A SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM OF CONGESTION AND POLLUTION IN THE MODERN CITY LIKE DELHI (original) (raw)
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Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 2010
Urban transport plays an important role in city development and is also a leading sector in energy consumption and air pollutant emissions. To examine the effectiveness of policies in reducing transport influences on environment and energy use, this paper takes passenger transport system in Delhi as a case and develops a system dynamics model for scenario analysis from the base year 2006 to 2020. It is found that the implementation of certain policies will lead to a significant reduction of energy use and emissions of CO 2 , CH 4 , CO, NMVOC, and SO 2 by 7-14, 7-15, 4-9, 12-23, 12-24, and 11-23%, respectively, in 2020. Bus, car, and two-wheeler need particular attentions to mitigate their environmental impacts while MRTS would be an effective solution to restrict the booming energy demand and associated air pollutant emissions. The implications for policy are that accelerating the development of railway network, together with decreasing the fuel intensity, slowing down road network extension, and imposing fuel taxes will be effective instruments to build an environmentally friendly urban transport system.
The Effect of Metro Expansions on Air Pollution in Delhi
Policy Research Working Papers, 2015
The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.
Role of Kolkata Metro in Increasing Mobility and Improving Ambient Air Quality
'Kolkata' formerly known as 'Calcutta' is the biggest business and administrative center of eastern India and state capital of West Bengal. Compared to other metro cities of India, Kolkata is notable for its lack of adequate surface road space. This, and the growing vehicular population leads to traffic congestion, reducing vehicle mobility and moreover increasing vehicle emission. To improve the transportation scenario of Kolkata, the metro railway service was created in the Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC) area in October 1984. This paper attempts to observe the role of the metro in improving passenger mobility and enhancing ambient air quality by reducing transport oriented air pollution in the city. For this purpose 15 major arterial roads in the KMC area have been selected. These roads are parallel to the existing north-south metro route and connect the northern and southern parts of KMC with the central part of the area. Traffic composition and the traffic flow scenario of the selected roads have been examined. The study shows that the Kolkata metro railway being an eco-friendly mode of public mass transit, performs its role in improving passenger mobility and reducing transport oriented emissions up to a significant level.
Transport Sector and Air Quality in Metro Cities: A Case Study of Delhi India
2012
Air pollution from motor vehicle in cities specially in developing countries has been a major source of urban air pollution and hence a cause of concern for the administrators of the cities as well as for researchers. In spite of a continuous development in all sectors of Indian economy at the turn of twenty 21th century some of the environmental problems have been appeared like sanitation and waste disposal, water pollution, increasing air pollution and so on. A big segment of environment, quality of air has been deteriorating due to enhancement of emission from the transport sector particularly in large metro cities, has been a big challenge for scientists, politicians, planners and even for common men. Keeping in the view importance of enhancing vehicular numbers and its effect on human health the work was conducted with the objectives, i.e., to find out increasing trend of vehicles in metro cities, to explore the emission added to air by vehicles and to describe the effects of q...
METRO IS CURSE OR A BOON TO FIGHT THE CHALLENGES OF POLLUTION
TJPRC, 2013
Water undoubtedly has been one of the most important requirements for mankind. It has been covering more than seventy percent of the earthen surface and only less than 3 percent of the total available water would be considered as directly consumable for human being. There are a lot of factors responsible to impure this precious element of nature. It has been a great challenge for the human community to work in the direction of improvement of environmental conditions which is extremely important for the survival and progress of human community in the existing circumstances. This article / paper, along with few limitations has been a dedicated attempt to discuss few aspects of pollution, the factors responsible for atmospheric, water and solid surface pollution (directly and circuitously) and the efficiently used transportation mode „Metro‟. The main objective of the article “Metro is a curse or a boon to fight the challenges of pollution” has been to discuss few causes of ecosystem pollution through various techniques such as opinion survey, graphics, statistics and others to conclude that the „Metro‟ approach of commuting has helped to achieve better atmospheric state which straight way or circuitously affects our water resources and ingestion water
Working Papers, 2013
from the Central Pollution Control Board, for their support in providing data used in this paper. They also thank Shantanu Khanna for his excellent research assistance.
Energy demand and environmental implications in urban transport — Case of Delhi
Atmospheric Environment, 1996
A simple model of passenger transport in the city of Delhi has been developed using a computerbased software called-Long Range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) and the associated Environmental Database (EDB) model. The hierarchical structure of LEAP represents the traffic patterns in terms of passenger travel demand, mode (rail/road), type of vehicle and occupancy (persons per vehicle). Transport database in Delhi together with fuel consumption values for the vehicle types, formed the basis of the transport demand and energy consumption calculations. Emission factors corresponding to the actual vehicle types and driving conditions in Delhi is introduced into the EDB and linked to the energy consumption values for estimating total emission of CO, HC, NO,, SO*, Pb and TSP. The LEAP model is used to estimate total energy demand and the vehicular emissions for the base year-1990/91 and extrapolate for the future-1994/95,2000/01,2004/05 and 2009/10, respectively. The model is run under five alternative scenarios to study the impact of different urban transport policy initiatives that would reduce total energy requirement in the transport sector of Delhi and also reduce emission. The prime objective is to arrive at an optimal transport policy which limits the future growth of fuel consumption as well as air pollution.
Lecture notes in civil engineering, 2022
Mass rapid transit or metro rail systems have an edge over other public transportation systems because of their reliability, comfort, and safety offered to passengers. This paper presents a statistical analysis of ridership of Bengaluru Metro rail (BM), which in March 2018 had two lines, 40 stations, and an overall length of 42.3 km. The daily and hourly temporal variations in ridership are analyzed. Spatial distribution of ridership is studied to understand weekday and weekend trip patterns. Three influencing factors-(i) availability of parking at metro stations, (ii) the presence of transport hubs nearby metro stations, (iii) distance to the nearest intracity bus stop from metro station are considered. Their effect on footfall at stations is studied with the help of a panel data model. Further, a procedure to estimate savings in emissions due to the metro rides is described. Estimated savings in CO, HC, NO x emissions are 5.19, 0.54, and 0.66 tons per day, respectively.